Association of mean platelet volume-to-platelet count ratio for 24-hour mortality in patients with severe trauma.

Mean platelet volume (MPV) may be associated with trauma patients' outcomes. However, the relationship between the MPV-to-platelet count ratio (MPR) and the result of severe trauma has not been reported. This study aimed to analyze and compare the prognostic performances of MPV and MPR in severe trauma.

Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based Educational Intervention Addressing Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on the Mental Health of Elementary School Children.

: This study assessed the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based fine dust education program, grounded in the Health Belief Model (HBM), on elementary students' fine dust knowledge, related behaviors, and mental health (depression, anxiety, stress, sleep quality). : From September to November 2024, 95 students (grades 4-6) living near a coal-fired power plant in midwestern South Korea were assigned to either an intervention group (n = 44) or a control group (n = 51). The intervention group completed a three-session CBT-based education program; the control group received stress management education.

Treatable traits in chronic cough: a prospective evaluation for predicting cough persistence.

Background: The concept of treatable traits has been proposed for managing chronic cough; however, evidence supporting its clinical utility remains limited. This study investigated the relationship between baseline traits and cough persistence in a prospective registry of patients with chronic cough.

Methods: We analysed data from 426 patients with chronic cough enrolled in the Korean Chronic Cough Registry.

Association between antibiotic prescriptions for acute upper respiratory infections and pneumonia among older adults: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Antibiotics are frequently prescribed for acute upper respiratory infections (URIs) despite limited evidence of their effectiveness, particularly in older individuals. Understanding the potential associations of such prescriptions with subsequent health outcomes is critical for clinical decision-making. This study investigated the association between antibiotic prescription and pneumonia diagnosis among older adults with acute URIs in the Republic of Korea.

Investigation of therapeutic potential of simultaneous triple-wavelength laser technology for skin rejuvenation.

Skin aging is characterized by the degradation of dermal collagen, leading to wrinkles, loss of elasticity, and structural deterioration. Non-ablative laser treatments have been widely used to stimulate collagen production by selectively inducing thermal effects in the dermis without causing damage to the epidermis. Various wavelengths have been employed to effectively target different depths of the dermal layer.

Metabolomic and partial proteomic analyses of phosphine resistance in Sitophilus oryzae adults: Significant reduction in body weight after acquiring resistance.

Fumigation with phosphine (PH), the toxicity of which is related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, is widely used to control insect pests such as Sitophilus oryzae in stored commodities. However, overuse and misuse of PH fumigation have led to severe resistance in the targeted insect pests, including S. oryzae.

Metabolomics and proteomics analyses of zebrafish exposed to mesaconitine from Aconitum plants reveal marked reductions in lipid, glycolytic pathways.

Aconitum species have been widely used for thousands of years across Asia and North America, primarily in traditional Chinese medicine, where their rootstocks are commonly included in herbal formulations. Mesaconitine is a major benzoyl diterpenoid alkaloid in Aconitum roots, but its potential toxic effects on metabolism are unknown. This study investigated the effects of mesaconitine exposure in zebrafish through an integrative analysis of metabolomic and proteomic data.

Metabolic Disruptions in Zebrafish Induced by α-Cypermethrin: A Targeted Metabolomics Study.

The widespread application of pesticides in agriculture has raised increasing concerns regarding their ecological impact, particularly in aquatic environments. Among these, α-cypermethrin, a highly active isomeric form of cypermethrin, has been extensively used due to its potent insecticidal efficacy and low mammalian toxicity. However, its toxicity to non-target aquatic organisms remains insufficiently understood at the metabolic level.

Environmental disease monitoring by regional Environmental Health Centers in Korea: a narrative review.

This study explores the development, roles, and key initiatives of the Regional Environmental Health Centers in Korea, detailing their evolution through four distinct phases and their impact on environmental health policy and local governance. It chronicles the establishment and transformation of these centers from their inception in May 2007, through four developmental stages. Originally named Environmental Disease Research Centers, they were subsequently renamed Environmental Health Centers following legislative changes.

Controlled Thermal Stimulation Using 980-nm Laser for Collagen Remodeling.

Collagen plays a key role in maintaining skin structure and function. Energy based devices such as radiofrequency and ultrasound stimulate collagen synthesis through thermal stimulation, but lack precise temperature regulation. This study evaluated collagen synthesis induced by controlled thermal stimulation using a 980 nm laser.

Feasibility and safety assessment of endoscopic laser therapy (ELT) for duodenal mucosal ablation in a porcine model.

The current study aims to assess the feasibility and safety of using endoscopic laser therapy (ELT) to ablate duodenal mucosa in a porcine model. A new endoscopic laser catheter (ELC) was developed to enable circumferential laser ablation of tubular tissue structures for ELT. Both ex vivo and in vivo porcine duodenal tissues were evaluated using a diode laser emitting laser light at 100 J to quantitatively assess thermal distribution and tissue response.

Effect of dual optical pulse scheme with supra and subthreshold fluences on laser micro ablation of pigment.

Q-switched Nd: YAG laser has been widely employed to treat deeply located pigmented lesions by confining the incident laser energy to a target. Currently, a dual pulse mode has been developed to overcome several of the adverse effects, such as irritation and hyper- or hypo-pigmentation. Therefore, the current study investigated the effect of the dual-optical-pulse scheme with an energy distribution ratio of 8:2 (D8:2) on laser micro-ablation of pigment, compared to single pulse and the dual pulses with the equivalent energies.

Fluorinated Self-Assembled Monolayer Ion Receptors for Retentive Analog Synaptic Behavior.

Numerous studies have highlighted ionic transistors as a promising candidate for retentive artificial synapses in analog neuromorphic computing, owing to their exceptional characteristics of analog signal modulation and low energy consumption. However, the self-discharge of ions at the channel-electrolyte interface limits their retention characteristics. Therefore, it is crucial to control the ion discharge kinetics by engineering interfacial electrostatic interactions.

Mechanical and viscoelastic properties of a temperature-responsive photocurable resin for 3D printed orthodontic clear aligners.

This study investigates the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of TC-85, a biocompatible material specifically designed for orthodontic applications, with a focus on how temperature variations influence its mechanical and viscoelastic properties and their relevance to clinical outcomes. Using a Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printer, the photosensitive resin TC-85 is printed, and extensive thermo-mechanical testing is conducted, which includes evaluations of tensile modulus, stress relaxation, and creep behavior. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is conducted at temperatures varying from 30 to 45 °C to assess the material's adaptive response to thermal fluctuations.

Deep learning-based cough classification using application-recorded sounds: a transfer learning approach with VGGish.

Background: Coughing sounds contain various bio-metric information with regards to respiratory diseases that can help in the assessment of respiratory diseases. While clinicians find coughs insightful, non-experts struggle to identify abnormalities in cough sounds. Furthermore, respiratory diseases has characterized by widespread health complications and elevated mortality rates, the development of early diagnostic systems is imperative for ensuring timely intervention and improving outcomes for both clinicians and patients.

Bioactive Compounds of Agro-Industrial By-Products: Current Trends, Recovery, and Possible Utilization.

Domestic food waste and agro-industrial by-products (AIBPs) occurring throughout the food chain, including production, processing, and storage, have become a global sustainability concern. Interestingly, this waste and these by-products contain a significant amount of commercially vital bioactive compounds, including polyphenols and carotenoids. Remarkably, discarded by-products such as fruit and vegetable peels contain more bioactive compounds than edible pulp.

Stereoselective toxicity of (E)-kresoxim-methyl to zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos during development and metabolomic approaches using GC-MS/MS.

Kresoxim-methyl (KM) is a stereoselective strobilurin fungicide with low toxicity to humans, mammals, and beneficial insects. At the frequent detection of KM in aquatic environments, its stereoisomeric form may cause different acute toxicity for aquatic organisms. The acute toxicities of both stereoisomers, (E)-KM and (Z)-KM, as well as their demethylated metabolite, kresoxim, were evaluated in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos.

Plumbagin, a natural derivative of 1,4-naphthoquinone, induces cyclopic phenomenon via increased apoptosis and ROS generation in the early stage of zebrafish embryos.

Plumbagin (PL; 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) is an analogue of juglone (JG) with additional methylation on carbon 2. It has been found in fungi, insects, and plants, especially Malaysian persimmons, and plants containing PL are globally used as folk medicines. Among 1,4-naphthoquinones tested in this study, PL and JG exhibited high lethality towards zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and reduced their hatchability, and induced morphological changes.

All-Inorganic Metal Oxide-Based p-n Heterojunction Ternary-State Transistors.

Ternary logic has been proposed as a type of many-valued logic system to overcome the limitations of integration density and energy efficiency in the current complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In detail, p-n heterojunction transistors with ternary-state switching characteristics can implement ternary logic structures. However, most research on p-n heterojunction ternary-state transistors (TSTs) has focused on organic or 2D materials, which face significant challenges in meeting the demands of current CMOS technology.

Comparative Metabolomic Analysis of Treated with Pyrrolnitrin and Phenylpyrrole Fungicides.

Pyrrolnitrin, a natural antifungal compound from sp. O33 was compared with the phenylpyrrole fungicides fludioxonil and fenpiclonil through metabolomic analysis of . Phenylpyrrole fungicides are traditionally known to disrupt the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway.

Integrated lipidomics and metabolomics approach to assess sex-dependent effects of acute bisphenol A exposure on hepatic lipid metabolism in zebrafish.

High concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), a typical endocrine disruptor, have been widely found in rivers and oceans due to its extensive use in polymer production. Direct exposure to BPA in the aquatic environment is known to have toxic effects including their immune responses, neuroendocrine and reproductive systems and development on aquatic organisms. BPA has various adverse effects associated with the lipid metabolism of fish.

Mass Spectral Data of Primary and Secondary Metabolites Changes in Medicinal Plants by Solvent Polarity.

Solvent polarity is a critical factor in metabolite extraction from plants, influencing the recovery of primary and secondary metabolites. Plants contain not only the primary metabolites but also a variety of secondary metabolites with low polarity, which favor a higher proportion of organic solvents. In this repository, 248 representative Korean medicinal plants were examined, and a total of 744 samples were prepared using water and ethanol as extraction solvents with three different polarities (100% water, 50% ethanol, and 100% ethanol).

Development of Simultaneous Analytical Method of Three Polypeptide Toxins α-Amanitin, β-Amanitin and Phalloidin in Poisonous Mushrooms and Human Serum Using UHPLC-MS/MS.

Accidental ingestion of toxic mushrooms remains a global public health concern because of the presence of highly potent peptide toxins such as α-amanitin, β-amanitin, and phalloidin. These compounds exhibit strong hepatotoxicity and can lead to acute liver failure and death. However, their rapid detection in biological and food matrices remains analytically challenging.

Photonic Modulation of Negative Differential Transconductance for Tunable Multivalued Logic in Heterojunction Transistors.

Logic conversion within multivalued logic (MVL) circuits is a promising solution that enhances complex data processing achieved through the modulation of negative differential transconductance (NDT) characteristics of heterojunction transistors (HTRs) using various external control factors. Among these factors, utilizing photonic modulation for logic switching facilitates multi-state operations, enables wavelength-selective logic conversion and, on this basis, enhances the flexibility of the circuit system. Herein, the implementation of logic conversion in HTRs through the photonic modulation of NDT characteristics is presented.

Long-term risk of allergic disorders following Kawasaki disease: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis primarily affecting children under five years old. While its etiology remains unclear, immune dysregulation has been implicated, suggesting a potential link between KD and allergic diseases. Previous epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding this association across different countries.