Taurine suppresses Aβ aggregation and attenuates Alzheimer's disease pathologies in 5XFAD mice and patient-derived cerebral organoids.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque buildup, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, and impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). Taurine has shown protective effects in various cellular and animal models of AD, though the molecular mechanisms of free taurine and its effects in patient-derived models remain underexplored. This study evaluates taurine's therapeutic potential using integrated in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo approaches.

Radiotranscriptomics in papillary thyroid carcinoma complement current noninvasive risk stratification system.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) generally has a favorable prognosis; however, overtreatment persists because of the lack of reliable noninvasive risk stratification tools. This study developed a radiomics-based approach to enhance the preoperative assessment of PTC. Imaging features from 255 patients were analyzed, and three tumor clusters were identified via unsupervised clustering, with one cluster (Cluster 2) displaying favorable clinical and molecular profiles.

Treatable traits in chronic cough: a prospective evaluation for predicting cough persistence.

Background: The concept of treatable traits has been proposed for managing chronic cough; however, evidence supporting its clinical utility remains limited. This study investigated the relationship between baseline traits and cough persistence in a prospective registry of patients with chronic cough.

Methods: We analysed data from 426 patients with chronic cough enrolled in the Korean Chronic Cough Registry.

15-Deoxy-Δ-prostaglandin J2 induces apoptosis in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1).

15-Deoxy-Δ-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis with various inhibitory effects. We investigated whether 15d-PGJ2 influence proliferation and apoptosis of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), and suppression of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Cell proliferation was analyzed using the MTS/PMS and colony formation assays.

Association of throat sensation severity with quality of life in patients with chronic cough.

Background: Patients with chronic cough frequently present with abnormal throat sensations, but the clinical significance of such sensations remains unknown. This study examined the severity of throat sensations and their relationships with quality of life (QoL) in patients with chronic cough.

Methods: The analysis used baseline cross-sectional data from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry.

Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Severe Asthma With Fungal Sensitization in Korea.

Purpose: Severe asthma with fungal sensitization (SAFS) is associated with life-threatening exacerbation and severe airflow limitation. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of fungal sensitization in asthma and clinical characteristics of SAFS.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the Cohort for Reality and Evolution of Adult Asthma in Korea and the Korean Severe Asthma Registry cohorts.

Airway Mucus Plugs in Patients with Chronic Cough: A Single-Center Observational Study.

Background: This study investigated the prevalence of mucus plugs and their clinical associations in patients with chronic cough.

Methods: Chest computed tomography (CT) scans were evaluated in patients with chronic cough and healthy controls.

Results: Among 82 patients with chronic cough and 71 controls, mucus plugs were identified in 31.

ICD-10 Diagnostic Coding Patterns and Clinical Correlates in Refractory Chronic Cough: Analysis from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry.

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system plays a key role in health data classification but currently lacks a specific code for refractory chronic cough (RCC). This study analyzed ICD-10 coding patterns among 331 RCC patients enrolled in the Korean Chronic Cough Registry. Each patient had a median of 3 [IQR: 2-4] ICD-10 codes at their most recent outpatient visit.

Improve Lung Function Through Boys' Natural Learning Course Singing Program (NLCSP) as a Singing Skill Habilitation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Natural Learning Course Singing Program (NLCSP) as an alternative habilitation approach on adolescents' pulmonary function. The program demonstrated significant improvements in lung function indicators, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), even after adjusting for demographic covariates such as age, gender, height, and weight. A total of 48 subjects participated, divided into a Program group (P group) (n = 23, age 12-13 years) and a Control group (C group) (n = 18, age 12-13 years).

Global Incidence Trend of Early-Onset Obesity-Related and Non-Obesity-Related Cancers.

The global rise in obesity prevalence and the incidence of early-onset cancer (diagnosed between 20 and 49 years of age) is a serious public health concern. We, therefore, evaluated the recent global trends in the incidence of early-onset obesity-related cancers and compared them to those of non-obesity-related cancers. We obtained age-standardized incidence rates of early-onset cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 in 44 countries from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database.

Korea's National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance: Focusing on the Appropriate Use of Antibiotics.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is recognized as one of the top ten global public health threats. Since the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, there has been a notable increase in global concern regarding AMR, leading to a strong call for a government-led response to address this issue. Since 2016, the Korean government has established and implemented a robust social foundation for managing AMR.

Association of tooth brushing behavior with risks of major chronic health outcomes: a scoping review.

Background: Oral hygiene behavior has been increasingly recognized as a potential contributor to chronic disease prevention. This scoping review aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the associations between tooth brushing behavior (as a proxy for oral hygiene) and major chronic health outcomes, including cardiovascular events (e.g.

Impaired aldosterone response to potassium and hyperkalemia in patients receiving a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor.

Background/aims: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are associated with the development of hyperkalemia. We evaluated the relationship between the serum aldosterone-to-potassium ratio (APR) and the risk of developing hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving ACEIs or ARBs.

Methods: One hundred eighty-six patients with stage 3-4 CKD receiving an ACEI or ARB for at least 3 months were evaluated.

Joint parental stimulation and early childhood development in 26 sub-Saharan African countries.

Background: Engagement in stimulation activities by both parents can have synergistic effects on early childhood development (ECD). While the role of maternal stimulation is well known, the association with paternal stimulation remains underexplored and inconsistent. The current study aimed to assess the distribution of different combinations of maternal and paternal stimulation and explore their associations with ECD in the context of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Rural-urban migration dynamics and double burden of malnutrition among women across 29 low and middle income countries.

The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is a significant public health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), resulting from complex socioeconomic, demographic and nutrition transitions. This study examined the association between internal migration and DBM among women across LMICs, focusing on direction, recency, and age at migration. Using the latest Demographic and Health Survey (2010-2023), data on body mass index, migration status, and covariates were extracted from 232,449 women aged 15-49 years in 29 countries.

Case report of short term EGFR TKI induced tubulointerstitial nephritis and IgA nephropathy in a patient with advanced non small cell lung cancer.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the front-line treatment for EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Beyond their long-term effects and safety profile, they are a landmark of precision medicine in the history of NSCLC. Regarding safety outcomes, EGER TKIs differ from cytotoxic chemotherapy as they may cause dermatological adverse events, diarrhea, and fetal interstitial pneumonitis.

Changes of Clinical Practice Patterns of Allergen Immunotherapy in Korea.

This study aimed to identify recent changes of AIT treatment behaviors in real-world clinical practice using a questionnaire survey in Korea. The questionnaire on AIT prescriptions and practical experiences was distributed to all members of the Korean Academy of Asthma Allergy and Clinical Immunology in June 2022. The responses were analyzed and compared with the results from 2009 and 2017.

Individual- and community-level women's empowerment and complete use of maternal healthcare services: A multilevel analysis of 34 sub-Saharan African countries.

Background: Current literature on women's empowerment (WE) and maternal healthcare use is limited to individual-level analysis, with a focus on single components of maternal healthcare services. As gender-related community contexts may importantly shape women's ability to seek healthcare services, we examined how both individual- and community-level WE are associated with complete use of maternal healthcare services in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Methods: We analyzed Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2011 and 2022 across 34 SSA countries (N = 194,740 women aged 15-49 years old).

Maternal media exposure and child anthropometric failures across 40 low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: To examine the association between maternal exposure to various types of media and child anthropometric failures, and whether this association varies by mothers' socioeconomic status (SES) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: This study analyzed Demographic and Health Survey data from 40 LMICs (2010-2024). The independent variable was defined as exposure to any mass media (i.

A New Agenda for Optimizing Roles and Infrastructure in a Mental Health Service Model for South Korea.

Objective: As the demand for community mental health services continues to grow, the need for well-equipped and organized services has become apparent. This study aimed to optimize the roles and infrastructure of mental health services, by establishing, among other initiatives, standardized operating models.

Methods: The study was conducted in multiple phases from May 12, 2021, to December 29, 2021.