Radiomics-Driven Diffusion Model and Monte Carlo Compression Sampling for Reliable Medical Image Synthesis.

Reliable medical image synthesis is crucial for clinical applications and downstream tasks, where high-quality anatomical structure and predictive confidence are essential. Existing studies have made significant progress by embedding prior conditional knowledge, such as conditional images or textual information, to synthesize natural images. However, medical image synthesis remains a challenging task due to: 1) Data scarcity: High-quality medical text prompt are extremely rare and require specialized expertise.

T-CACE: A Time-Conditioned Autoregressive Contrast Enhancement Multi-Task Framework for Contrast-Free Liver MRI Synthesis, Segmentation, and Diagnosis.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a leading modality for the diagnosis of liver cancer, significantly improving the classification of the lesion and patient outcomes. However, traditional MRI faces challenges including risks from contrast agent (CA) administration, time-consuming manual assessment, and limited annotated datasets. To address these limitations, we propose a Time-Conditioned Autoregressive Contrast Enhancement (T-CACE) framework for synthesizing multi-phase contrast-enhanced MRI (CEMRI) directly from non-contrast MRI (NCMRI).

Lung ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for pulmonary consolidation and atelectasis after cardiac surgery.

Background: Pulmonary consolidation and atelectasis (PCA) are common complications following cardiac surgery, significantly impacting patient prognosis. This study aims to explore the diagnostic and prognostic applications of lung ultrasound (LUS) for PCA.

Methods: This study enrolled patients undergoing cardiac surgery who received LUS, chest X-ray (CXR), and chest computed tomography (CT) within 24 hours postoperatively.

Reconfiguring Charge Spatial Distribution in One-Dimensional AuAg Alloy Nanoarrays.

Plasmonic metal/semiconductor heterostructures have emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing solar-driven photocatalysis owing to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect. However, the associated optical fields are typically confined near the metal/semiconductor interface, limiting the spatial separation of hot carriers and leading to inefficient charge utilization. Here, we address this challenge by exploiting one-dimensional surface lattice resonance (1D-SLR) in ordered AuAg nanoarrays on SrTiO substrates based on finite element method (FEM) simulations.

OTUB1 promotes colorectal cancer progression by stabilizing GPX4 and inhibiting ferroptosis.

Background: Therapeutic resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) is frequently linked to dysregulated protein homeostasis, which enables tumor cells to evade cell death. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a pivotal role in regulating protein stability and has been implicated in ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by lipid peroxidation. Otubain1 (OTUB1), a deubiquitinase within the UPS, is hypothesized to regulate ferroptosis by stabilizing GPX4, a key inhibitor of ferroptosis.

Exploring the potential mechanisms of m6A modification in septic acute respiratory distress syndrome: a bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA modification is critical in various pathological conditions, yet its role in the ARDS microenvironment, particularly at the single-cell level, remains poorly understood.

Methods: Single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing datasets were sourced from the GEO databases.

When evidence modeling meets knowledge distillation: Towards reliable contrast-enhanced knowledge distillation for non-contrast medical image segmentation.

Contrast-enhanced knowledge distillation promises to transform medical diagnostics and reveal promising approaches for tumor segmentation on non-contrast medical images. However, existing methods related to contrast-enhanced knowledge distillation still make it hard to distill reliable contrast-enhanced knowledge for tumor segmentation due to the limitations of (1) unable to quantify uncertainty information for reliable contrast-enhanced and non-contrast knowledge modeling, which leads to an over-confidence cross-domain adaptation for transferring contrast-enhanced knowledge; (2) using vision information only ignores rich semantic features in medical language, which make it hard to model complex tumor enhancement feature. In this study, we propose an evidence-guided and tumor-aware knowledge distillation (EGTA-KD) for transferring contrast-enhanced domain knowledge to non-contrast domain knowledge.

An immunostaining-based approach for assessing myocardial viability in the infarcted mouse hearts.

Introduction: With the growing need for reliable and precise detection of cell viability in spatial biology, we introduce an antibody-based staining of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) as a simple yet valuable tool for delineating cardiomyocyte viability in the early stages of myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods & Results: In circulation, cTnI was found to be the most abundantly released biomarker within the first 24 h after MI. In heart sections, partial depletion of cTnI staining was observed within dying cardiomyocytes as early as 6 h, with almost absence by 24 h despite of preserved membrane integrity.

LIM: Lightweight Image Local Feature Matching.

Image matching is a fundamental problem in computer vision, serving as a core component in tasks such as visual localization, structure from motion, and SLAM. While recent advances using convolutional neural networks and transformer have achieved impressive accuracy, their substantial computational demands hinder practical deployment on resource-constrained devices, such as mobile and embedded platforms. To address this challenge, we propose LIM, a lightweight image local feature matching network designed for computationally constrained embedded systems.

Identification of potential crucial genes and biomarkers from neutrophils in sepsis using bioinformatics analysis.

Sepsis is a complex series of immune responses to infection and is commonly associated with acquired immunodeficiency. The current study aimed to identify the biomarkers of sepsis. Differential expression analysis and protein-protein interaction analysis were conducted to explore potential biomarkers.

miR-16-5p Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis in High Glucose-Treated Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Targeting VEGFA and TGFBR1.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes and the main cause of vision loss in the middle-aged and elderly people. miRNAs play vital roles in the development of DR. This study aimed to explore the effects of miR-16-5p on high glucose (HG)-stimulated human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) by modulating vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1).

Intrafacet Charge Separation toward Efficient Overall Water Splitting on SrTiO Single Crystal Photocatalysts.

Facet engineering of photocatalytic particles has been proven to be effective in enhancing charge separation efficiency, particularly via interfacet built-in electric field, thus improving photocatalytic performance. However, whether charge separation also occurs within a facet remains unclear. Here, we found that reduction cocatalysts and oxidation cocatalysts are distributed on a facet of single cubic SrTiO crystal via photodeposition.

Autophagy-related biomarkers identified in sepsis-induced ARDS through bioinformatics analysis.

While dysregulated autophagy has been linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) development in sepsis, the exact regulatory mechanisms driving this process remain unclear. This study systematically investigated autophagy-related genes in sepsis-induced ARDS using integrative bioinformatics, including weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), differential gene expression analysis (DEGs), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and immune infiltration analysis. Hub genes were further validated by qPCR in Beas-2B cells receiving lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.

Assessment of the variability and correlation of biometric measurements in eyes with cataracts.

Purpose: To assess the variability and correlation of ocular biometric parameters in eyes with cataracts and examine their association with age and gender.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on biometric data from 7,458 eyes without retinal pathologies, using an optical biometer equipped with low-coherence reflectometry technology. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were used to evaluate the relationships between age, gender, and various ocular parameters, including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal refractive power (Km), and white-to-white (WTW) measurement.

Early tracheostomy for neurologic critical care patients improves neurologic function and reduces pulmonary infections.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of early tracheotomy in neurologic critical care patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 100 patients with severe craniocerebral injury (SCI) who underwent percutaneous tracheotomy at The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2021 to February 2022. Of them, 52 cases (observation group) received the procedure within 24 hours of injury, while 48 patients (control group) received the procedure after 24 hours.

Regulating Charge Separation Via Periodic Array Nanostructures for Plasmon-Enhanced Water Oxidation.

Plasmonic resonance intensity in metallic nanostructures plays a crucial role in charge generation and separation, directly affecting plasmon-induced photocatalytic activity. Engineering strategies to enhance plasmonic effects involve designing specific nanostructures, such as triangular nanoplates with sharp corners or dimer nanostructures with hot spots. However, these approaches often lead to a trade-off between enhanced plasmonic intensity and resonance energy, which ultimately determines local charge density and photocatalytic performance.

Research on state machine control optimization of double-stack fuel cell/super capacitor hybrid system.

To ensure the continuous high-efficiency operation of fuel cell systems, it is essential to perform real-time estimation of the maximum efficiency point and maximum power point for multi-stack fuel cell systems. The region between these two power points is commonly referred to as the "high-efficiency operating region." Initially, a transformation of the general expression for hydrogen consumption in multi-stack fuel cell systems is conducted to obtain an algebraic expression for the efficiency curve of multi-stack fuel cells.

Intrareticular Exciton Effects Regulate Photocatalytic Activity in Donor-Acceptor Olefin-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Olefin-linked covalent organic frameworks (OL-COFs) show great promise for visible-light-driven photocatalysis. Manipulating atomic-level donor-acceptor interactions in OL-COFs is key to understanding their exciton effects in this system. Here, three OL-COFs are presented with orthorhombic lattice structures, synthesized via Knoevenagel polycondensation reaction of terephthalaldehyde and tetratopic monomers featuring phenyl, benzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazole, and benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole moieties.

A refined TTC assay precisely detects cardiac injury and cellular viability in the infarcted mouse heart.

Histological analysis with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining is the most frequently used tool to detect myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, its practicality is often challenged by poor image quality in gross histology, leading to an equivocal infarct-boundary delineation and potentially compromised measurement accuracy. Here, we introduce several crucial refinements in staining protocol and sample processing, which enable TTC images to be analyzed with light microscopy.

High-Performance Multicolor Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on a Pt(II) Carbene Complex Featuring Hemiligand Interaction.

Utilizing a single organic light-emitting diode (OLED) architecture for multicolor emissions can significantly simplify manufacturing progress and broaden applications. Here, we report on a carbene-based Pt(II) complex, designated as , which exhibits an unusual dimeric packing mode solely by hemiligand π···π stacking. This feature is distinct from the well-known Pt···Pt or Pt···ligand interactions.

Obesity Mediates the Association Between Serum Copper and Inflammation: A Cross-sectional and Mendelian Randomization Study.

Copper is an important biological trace element, but its overexposure can be harmful to the human body. Herein, we aimed to assess the association between serum copper levels and inflammation. A total of 5231 participants were analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2016.

Additive Manufacturing of Stretchable Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Thermoplastic Polyurethanes Conducting Polymers for Strain Sensing.

With the development of science and technology, flexible sensors play an indispensable role in body monitoring. Rapid prototyping of high-performance flexible sensors has become an important method to develop flexible sensors. The purpose of this study was to develop a flexible resin with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for the rapid fabrication of flexible sensors using digital light processing additive manufacturing.

Evidence modeling for reliability learning and interpretable decision-making under multi-modality medical image segmentation.

Reliability learning and interpretable decision-making are crucial for multi-modality medical image segmentation. Although many works have attempted multi-modality medical image segmentation, they rarely explore how much reliability is provided by each modality for segmentation. Moreover, the existing approach of decision-making such as the softmax function lacks the interpretability for multi-modality fusion.

Association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and risk of colorectal cancer or colorectal adenoma: an updated meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Background And Aims: In recent years, the relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) or colorectal adenoma (CRA) has gained widespread attention. Previous meta-analyses on this subject either incorporated numerous cross-sectional studies, which were susceptible to bias, or concentrated solely on a restricted number of cohort studies. Moreover, with the release of a substantial number of high-quality cohort studies on this subject in the past two years, the findings continue to be debated and contradictory.