Myocardial perfusion and oxidative metabolism in healthy subjects: sex-specific insights from vasodilatory stress C-acetate PET.

Background: C-acetate positron emission tomography (PET) enables simultaneous quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and oxidative metabolism; however, sex-specific normative data under vasodilator stress remain insufficiently defined. We aimed to characterize these parameters in healthy individuals.

Results: Eighteen healthy individuals (9 males and 9 females, age/sex-matched; median age 43 years [range 34-65]) with normal echocardiography and no underlying cardiovascular disease underwent one-day rest-stress dynamic C-acetate PET with adenosine.

Effects of atorvastatin-loaded PEGylated liposomes delivered by magnetic stimulation for stroke treatment.

Background: Focused magnetic stimulation (MagStim) can temporarily and safely open the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for target delivery. We investigated whether opening the BBB with MagStim and delivering atorvastatin-loaded PEGylated liposomes (LipoStatin) would work synergistically for subacute post-stroke treatment.

Methods: Two weeks after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), an injection of 15 mg/ml magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was performed, followed by 30 minutes of MagStim, in subacute stroke models.

Candida tropicalis Liver Abscess in an Immunocompromised Patient With Pancreatic Head Cancer on 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT.

Candida infections have become a growing concern to the immunocompromised patients with cancer. We report a case of liver abscess causing Candida tropicalis candidemia in an immunocompromised patient with pancreatic head cancer on 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT. A 77-year-old man had a history of 10-year duration of uncontrolled diabetes, the presence of neutropenia, immunocompromised condition, and the progression of pancreatic cancer despite the 14 cycles of chemotherapy and palliative radiotherapy.

Impact of shortening time on diagnosis of F-florbetaben PET.

Background: F-Florbetaben amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scan is crucial for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, typically involving a 20 min acquisition. However, maintaining such prolonged scans can be challenging in some cases. This study explores the diagnostic impact and feasibility of reducing scan durations by comparing quantitative measures between shortened and standard scans.

Experimental validation of coronary stenosis severity and development of ischemic myocardium.

Introduction And Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the causal association between hemodynamically significant stenosis and the occurrence of ischemic myocardium using an experimental animal model of coronary artery stenosis.

Methods: In Yorkshire swine (n=10), coronary stenosis in the left anterior descending artery was induced using a customized vascular occluder to create varying degrees of occlusion severity (40%-99%). Serial changes in coronary pressure and flow velocity were measured in the left anterior descending artery before and after the implantation of the vascular occluder.

Power of Multi-Modality Variables in Predicting Parkinson's Disease Progression.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The increasing demand for high-accuracy forecasts of disease progression has led to a surge in research employing multi-modality variables for prediction. In this review, we selected articles published from 2016 through June 2024, adhering strictly to our exclusion-inclusion criteria.

Longitudinal Alzheimer's Disease Progression Prediction With Modality Uncertainty and Optimization of Information Flow.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Actual AD imaging datasets challenge the construction of reliable longitudinal models owing to imaging modality uncertainty. In addition, they are still unable to retain or obtain important information during disease progression from previous to followup time points.

68 Ga-FAPI PET in Visualizing Acute Ischemic Stroke at Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation.

Hemorrhagic transformation is a serious complication of ischemic stroke, which occurs at a rate of between 18% and 42%. 68 Ga-FAPI PET can visualize acute cerebral infarction at risk of hemorrhagic transformation in the brain. We report a case of 68 Ga-FAPI PET imaging in a patient with recurrent ischemic stroke.

Discordant Uptake of Leg Thrombi Versus Pulmonary Emboli on 68 Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT.

Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET is gaining clinical relevance for visualizing activated fibroblasts in various diseases. Here, we report discordant FAPI uptake between venous thrombi of the lower extremities and pulmonary emboli. An 86-year-old man complained of left leg swelling and acute dyspnea; he was diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis involving the left femoral vein and acute pulmonary thromboembolism.

Tc-99m DMSA SPECT for Follow-Up of Non-Operative Treatments in Renal Injuries: A Prospective Single-Center Study.

Objective: The assessment of cortical integrity following renal injuries with planar Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy depends on measuring relatively decreased cortical uptake (i.e., split renal function [SRF]).

Serial 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT After Treatment of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Pancreatitis and Retroperitoneal Fibrosis.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is a fibroinflammatory condition involving diverse organs. We report a case of IgG4-related pancreatitis and retroperitoneal fibrosis with serial 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT scans after treatment. A 64-year-old man presented with left flank and epigastric pain.

Multimodal multitask learning for predicting MCI to AD conversion using stacked polynomial attention network and adaptive exponential decay.

Early identification and treatment of moderate cognitive impairment (MCI) can halt or postpone Alzheimer's disease (AD) and preserve brain function. For prompt diagnosis and AD reversal, precise prediction in the early and late phases of MCI is essential. This research investigates multimodal framework-based multitask learning in the following situations: (1) Differentiating early mild cognitive impairment (eMCI) from late MCI and (2) predicting when an MCI patient would acquire AD.

68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT Imaging of the Pancreas in a Patient With Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes.

Fulminant type 1 diabetes is a recently recognized diabetes subtype characterized by extremely rapid destruction of the pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency in insulin secretion. Fulminant type 1 diabetes is clinically characterized by the drastic onset of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis within a few days, as well as near-normal glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c ) levels despite remarkable hyperglycemia at initial presentation. A 41-year-old woman diagnosed with fulminant type 1 diabetes underwent 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT, which showed intense FAPI uptake throughout the pancreas, especially in the pancreatic tail.

Applying Pix2pix to Translate Hyperemia in Blood Pool Image into Corresponding Increased Bone Uptake in Delayed Image in Three-Phase Bone Scintigraphy.

Purpose: Delayed images may not be acquired due to severe pain, drowsiness, or worsening vital signs while waiting after blood pool imaging in three-phase bone scintigraphy. If the hyperemia in the blood pool image contains information from which increased uptake on the delayed images can be inferred, the generative adversarial network (GAN) can generate the increased uptake from the hyperemia. We attempted to apply pix2pix, a type of conditional GAN, to transform hyperemia into increased bone uptake.

Magnetothermal-based non-invasive focused magnetic stimulation for functional recovery in chronic stroke treatment.

Magnetic heat-based brain stimulation of specific lesions could promote the restoration of impaired motor function caused by chronic stroke. We delivered localized stimulation by nanoparticle-mediated heat generation within the targeted brain area via focused magnetic stimulation. The middle cerebral artery occlusion model was prepared, and functional recovery in the chronic-phase stroke rat model was demonstrated by the therapeutic application of focused magnetic stimulation.

Polyarteritis nodosa presenting as leg pain with resolution of positron emission tomography-images: A case report.

Background: Although fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is widely used for diagnosis and follow-up of large sized vessel vasculitis, it is still not widely used for small to medium sized vessel vasculitis.

Case Summary: This is the case of a 68-year-old male who presented at the emergency department complaining of fever, myalgia, and bilateral leg pain of over two weeks duration, with elevated levels of C-reactive protein. He was subsequently admitted and despite the absence of clinically significant findings, the patient continued to exhibit recurrent fever.

Deep learning-based personalised outcome prediction after acute ischaemic stroke.

Background: Whether deep learning models using clinical data and brain imaging can predict the long-term risk of major adverse cerebro/cardiovascular events (MACE) after acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) at the individual level has not yet been studied.

Methods: A total of 8590 patients with AIS admitted within 5 days of symptom onset were enrolled. The primary outcome was the occurrence of MACEs (a composite of stroke, acute myocardial infarction or death) over 12 months.

Treatment of Ischemic Stroke by Atorvastatin-Loaded PEGylated Liposome.

There is insufficient evidence on the effect of nanoparticles, particularly liposomes loaded with a statin, on acute ischemic stroke. We investigated the impact of atorvastatin-loaded PEG (polyethylene glycol) conjugated liposomes (LipoStatin) on the outcomes in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. PEGylated liposome loaded with atorvastatin was developed as a nanoparticle to specifically accumulate in an ischemic region and release the drug to ameliorate the harmful effects of the stroke.

Evaluation of Non-infarct-Related Arteries Using C-11 Acetate PET in STEMI With Multivessel Disease.

Background: We analyzed whether C-11 acetate positron emission tomography (PET) can be used for the evaluation of non-infarct-related artery (NIRA) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 31 patients with STEMI and at least one NIRA stenosis (diameter stenosis [DS] ≥ 50%). C-11 acetate PET was performed after successful revascularization for the infarct-related artery (IRA).

Predicting progression of Alzheimer's disease using forward-to-backward bi-directional network with integrative imputation.

If left untreated, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of slowly progressive dementia. Therefore, it is critical to detect AD to prevent its progression. In this study, we propose a bidirectional progressive recurrent network with imputation (BiPro) that uses longitudinal data, including patient demographics and biomarkers of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to forecast clinical diagnoses and phenotypic measurements at multiple timepoints.