Re-fracture after Osteosynthesis of Femoral Shaft Fracture in Osteopetrosis.

This study presents a case report of a 54-year-old female patient with osteopetrosis who experienced re-fracture after undergoing osteosynthesis for a femoral shaft fracture. The patient visited our emergency department for a right distal femur fracture. The patient had undergone surgery for a right femoral shaft fracture six years prior to this visit, at which time osteopetrosis was diagnosed at another medical facility.

Gender differences in the associations among adolescent problem behaviors: a secondary data analysis of the 2023 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association among various adolescent problem behaviors in South Korea, focusing on gender differences.

Methods: This secondary analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from the 19th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, conducted in 2023 which included 52,880 middle and high school students in South Korea. They completed an anonymous self-administered survey regarding problem behaviors (drinking alcohol, smoking, drugs use, and sexual experiences).

Polyphasic and phylogenomic reevaluation of Zhongshania and Marortus with the description of Zhongshania aquatica sp. nov.

Advancing our understanding of microbial diversity and taxonomy in Korean coast, this study focuses on two intriguing bacterial genera, Marortus and Zhongshania, revealing significant insights through morphological and genomic analyses. The type strain, BJYM1 (= KCTC 92326 = NBRC 115677) was isolated from seawater in Tongyeong, South Korea. BJYM1 was characterized as a Gram-negative aerobic strain with a rod shape and a single polar flagellum.

High C-rate Li-NMC/graphite pouch cell end-of-life prediction cycle-dependent variations and machine learning.

The accurate prediction of end-of-life for lithium-ion batteries is crucial for enhancing safety, reliability, and cost-efficiency in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. This study investigates the degradation characteristics of Li-NMC/graphite pouch cells under high C-rate conditions and introduces a machine learning-based predictive model for EoL estimation. Incremental capacity analysis is integrated with ensemble models such as Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and CatBoost to extract electrochemical degradation features.

Validity and Reliability of a Korean Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised.

Purpose: This study was to translate the Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R), originally developed for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus, into Korean, and to determine its factor structure while testing its validity and reliability among Korean adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: The participants were recruited from the Diabetes Center of a university hospital or type 1 diabetes camp. A total of 205 Korean adolescents aged 13-18 years diagnosed with type 1 diabetes completed a self-reported questionnaire.

A framework for real-time traffic risk prediction incorporating cost-sensitive learning and dynamic thresholds.

In recent years, researchers have explored an innovative approach that leverages real vehicle trajectory data to simultaneously derive traffic state and risk level for real-time risk prediction, which is crucial for traffic safety. However, existing studies largely overlook the costs associated with incorrect predictions and the varying consequences of different misclassifications, which undermines the reliability of the obtained prediction results. To address these gaps, this study refined traffic risk classification into four levels (i.

The development and validation of a Korean version of the oral hygiene-related self-efficacy tool.

Purpose: Self-efficacy is an important factor in the management of chronic oral diseases. This study aimed to develop a Korean version of a self-efficacy tool related to personal oral hygiene management, and verify its validity and reliability.

Methods: This study evaluated the validity and reliability of a Korean version of the oral health-related self-efficacy measurement tool (OHSE-K).

A before-after safety evaluation of wide centerline treatment considering the simultaneous changes in lane width and sealed shoulder width.

Wide Centerline Treatment (WCLT) is typically implemented by simultaneous adjustments to lane widths and sealed shoulder widths to minimize the need for road widening. Studies to date, however, have overlooked these concurrent changes when assessing the safety effectiveness of WCLT, potentially leading to unreliable conclusions. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the safety effectiveness of WCLT while accounting for simultaneous changes in the lane width and sealed shoulder width to provide a more reliable and comprehensive evaluation.

Understanding motorcycle crash involvement: Insights from regular motorcyclists and food delivery riders in Vietnam.

Motorcycles have become a primary mode of transportation in many low- and middle-income countries, including Vietnam, where they are widely used for personal transport and commercial activities. The growing reliance on motorcycles, driven by rapid urbanization and the rise of app-based delivery platforms, has brought economic benefits but also significant public health concerns due to the high incidence of road traffic crashes. This study, based on a questionnaire survey targeting regular motorcyclists and food delivery riders in Vietnam, examines and compares the factors contributing to crash involvement between two groups, regular and delivery riders.

Assessing the water quality hazard and challenges to achieving the freshwater goal in Sri Lanka.

Nearly 93% of all drinking water supply in Sri Lanka comes from improved sources such as tubewells. Despite this national achievement, deteriorating water quality remains a major challenge to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 6 ('Clean Water and Sanitation'). In this study, we analyze the state of ambient water quality at the national scale using observational and gridded datasets for both groundwater and surface water quality.

Multi-scale approaches to cope with scale effect issues in macroscopic crash analysis.

Traffic safety has increasingly become an important concern in developing long-term transportation planning strategies. Since transportation planning steps always involve some kinds of geographic entity, predicting crashes for those entities is not only a mere avenue of analytic methods in safety research, but also influential to practical application in road infrastructure design and management. However, the analyses using different spatial units are subjected to the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP), which refers to the issue of inconsistent statistical results when dealing with geographic data of different aggregation configurations.

Exploration of the tram-involved crashes' characteristics and contributing factors to fatality in tram crashes in Japan.

Modern trams have garnered worldwide attention as an alternative urban rail transit system since they offer advantages such as higher accessibility, convenience, lower construction and maintenance costs compared with subways. Nevertheless, due to the system's characteristics, particularly regarding right-of-way issues, crashes involving trams often lead to severe consequences. This study utilizes traffic crash data from across Japan, including 1,121,299 crashes that occurred from 2019 to 2022, of which 304 were tram involved.

Lung-homing nanoliposomes for early intervention in NETosis and inflammation during acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by severe inflammation in lung tissue, excessive immune response and impaired lung function. In hospitalized high-risk patients and cases of secondary infection due to surgical contamination, it can lead to higher mortality rates and require immediate intervention. Currently, clinical treatments are limited in symptomatic therapy as mechanical ventilation and corticosteroids, having insufficient efficacy in mitigating the cause of progression to severe illness.

Diversifying the Surgical Workforce: Understanding Barriers to Inform Solutions.

Objectives: Race and gender concordance between physicians and patients is associated with reductions in healthcare disparities. However, the diversity of the medical workforce does not mirror the population; some of the greatest deficiencies exist in the surgical workforce. We conducted a pilot study focused on early recruitment of diverse college students in our region, with a concurrent needs assessment of their specific barriers to entering the field of surgery.

Radiopaque hydrogel-in-liposomes towards theranostic applications for malignant tumors.

A radiopaque hydrogel-in-liposome (RHL) system was developed for micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging of tumor tissue and simultaneous delivery of a cytotoxic agent. Iopamidol (IPD) and doxorubicin (DOX) were incorporated as the CT contrast and anti-cancer agents, respectively. The presence of a polyethylene glycol hydrogel core in the liposomes was confirmed via attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and selective solvent extraction.

Improving Recovery of Diatoms Bio-Silica Using Chemical Treatment with VAUS.

High-temperature baking is a typical method to remove organic matter from diatoms, but it is not suitable for bio-silica because of the high crystallinity. This study provides a method using the VAUS to remove organic matter from diatoms more quickly and biocompatibly. The optimal frequency for organic matter removal was investigated for domestically produced .

Investigating the factors influencing Repeatedly Crash-Involved Drivers (RCIDs): A Random Parameter Hazard-Based Duration approach.

Repeatedly Crash-Involved Drivers (RCIDs) pose significant challenges to traffic safety, contributing disproportionately to crash occurrences and their severe consequences. While existing research has explored factors influencing crash involvement, the literature often neglects the influence of a driver's crash history and inter-crash intervals on their evolving crash risk. Additionally, many traditional models fail to address unobserved heterogeneity, limiting their ability to capture the complex interplay of factors contributing to repeated crash involvement.

Young Motorcyclists' Behavior Analysis in Pakistan based on Modified Motorcycle Rider Behavior Questionnaire (MRBQ).

In many low- and middle-income countries, including Pakistan, young motorcyclists are overrepresented in crashes, primarily due to risky behaviors. To examine these behaviors, the Motorcycle Rider Behavior Questionnaire (MRBQ) has been modified for young motorcyclists in Pakistan to better capture the unique and culturally relevant behaviors affecting their safety. In addition, the study seeks to identify the factor structure of the MRBQ tailored for young motorcyclists in Pakistan, explore the determinants of self-reported incidents (i.

Effect of emergency medical service response time on fatality risk of freeway crashes: Bayesian random parameters spatial logistic approach.

Introduction: Emergency medical service (EMS) serves as a pivotal role in linking injured road users to hospitals via offering first aid measures and transportation. This paper aims to investigate the effect of emergency medical service (EMS) response time on the fatality risk of freeway crashes.

Methods: Crash injury severity data from Kaiyang Freeway, China in 2014 and 2015 are employed for the empirical investigation.

Fabrication and evaluation of chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers for co-delivery of paclitaxel and PD-L1 siRNA.

This study aimed to develop a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) capable of co-delivering paclitaxel (PTX) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) small interfering RNA (siRNA) to enhance PTX bioavailability and bolster immunity through PD-L1 knockdown. We prepared a PTX-loaded NLC (P-NLC) and coated it with positively charged chitosan (Chi) to create P-NLC-Chi, which was subsequently conjugated to siRNA (P-NLC-Chi-siRNA). The P-NLC-Chi formulation was optimized using the Box-Behnken design.

Lactobacillus plantarum NCHBL-004 modulates high-fat diet-induced weight gain and enhances GLP-1 production for blood glucose regulation.

Objectives: This study investigated the therapeutic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum NCHBL-004 (NCHBL-004) in the treatment of obesity and associated metabolic disorders.

Methods: Mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or a high-fat diet (HFD) with oral administration of NCHBL-004. After euthanasia, blood, liver and adipose tissue were collected.