A Bioinspired Deep Learning Framework for Saliency-Based Image Quality Assessment.

Advancements in deep learning have led to significant progress in no-reference (NR) image quality assessment (NR-IQA) for evaluating the perceived quality of digital images without relying on a reference. However, existing NR-IQA models remain suboptimal in handling complex and diverse natural images. Visual saliency constitutes a critical element for enhancing the reliability of NR-IQA, but the optimal use of saliency in deep learning-based NR-IQA has not heretofore been significantly explored.

Chest X-Ray Visual Saliency Modeling: Eye-Tracking Dataset and Saliency Prediction Model.

Radiologists' eye movements during medical image interpretation reflect their perceptual-cognitive processes of diagnostic decisions. The eye movement data can be modeled to represent clinically relevant regions in a medical image and potentially integrated into an artificial intelligence (AI) system for automatic diagnosis in medical imaging. In this article, we first conduct a large-scale eye-tracking study involving 13 radiologists interpreting 191 chest X-ray (CXR) images, establishing a best-of-its-kind CXR visual saliency benchmark.

Wet oxidation of NO with NaClO in alkaline conditions: effects of acidic components in flue gas.

Excessive ClO tends to be produced and escape, causing secondary pollution when wet oxidation of NO with NaClO is conducted under acidic conditions. NaClO alkaline oxidation has accordingly received a wide attention. In this work, NaClO alkaline oxidation of NO has been systematically studied in a self-built spray tower.

Structure and function analysis of microcystin transport protein MlrD.

Microorganisms play a crucial role in the degradation of microcystins (MCs), with most MC-degrading bacteria utilizing the mlr gene cluster (mlrABCD) mechanism. While previous studies have advanced our understanding of the structure, function, and degradation mechanisms of MlrA, MlrB, and MlrC, research on MlrD remains limited. Consequently, the molecular structure and specific catalytic processes of MlrD are still unclear.

Global and Local Interactive Perception Network for Referring Image Segmentation.

The effective modal fusion and perception between the language and the image are necessary for inferring the reference instance in the referring image segmentation (RIS) task. In this article, we propose a novel RIS network, the global and local interactive perception network (GLIPN), to enhance the quality of modal fusion between the language and the image from the local and global perspectives. The core of GLIPN is the global and local interactive perception (GLIP) scheme.

Migration and emission characteristics of trace elements in coal-fired power plant under deep peak load regulation.

The trace elements (TEs) have caused great harm to the environment due to the large consumption of coal, and their emission from the coal-fired power plant (CFPP) has become a hot issue. The deep peak load regulation (DPLR) become a trend in the CFPP, which will affect the migration and emission of TEs. To explore the effect of the DLPR on the migration and emission characteristics of typical TEs in a 330 MW CFPP, the TEs field tests were carried out during the regulation period.

Cloning and Expression of Genes for Biodegrading Nodularin by sp. USTB-05.

Biodegradation is efficient for removing cyanobacterial toxins, such as microcystins (MCs) and nodularin (NOD). However, not all the microbial strains with the microcystin-biodegrading enzymes MlrA and MlrC could biodegrade NOD. Studies on genes and enzymes for biodegrading NOD can reveal the function and the biodegradation pathway of NOD.

Inventory-transportation integrated optimization for maintenance spare parts of high-speed trains.

This paper presents a 0-1 programming model aimed at obtaining the optimal inventory policy and transportation mode for maintenance spare parts of high-speed trains. To obtain the model parameters for occasionally-replaced spare parts, a demand estimation method based on the maintenance strategies of China's high-speed railway system is proposed. In addition, we analyse the shortage time using PERT, and then calculate the unit time shortage cost from the viewpoint of train operation revenue.

Excitation dynamics involving homogeneous multistate interactions: one and two color VMI and REMPI of HBr.

Velocity map imaging (VMI) data and mass resolved REMPI spectra are complementarily utilized to elucidate the involvement of homogeneous multistate interactions in excited state dynamics of HBr. The HΣ(v' = 0) and EΣ(v' = 1) Rydberg states and the VΣ(v'= m + 7) and VΣ(v'= m + 8) ion-pair states are explored as a function of rotational quantum number in the two-photon excitation region of 79 100-80 700 cm. H and Br images were recorded by one- as well as two-color excitation schemes.

Subcritical carbon dioxide-water hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse pith for reducing sugars production.

The aim of present study was to obtain total reducing sugars (TRS) by hydrolysis in subcritical CO-water from sugarcane bagasse pith (SCBP), the fibrous residue remaining after papermaking from sugarcane bagasse. The optimum hydrolysis conditions were evaluated by L(4) orthogonal experiments. The TRS yield achieved 45.

Pathway for Biodegrading Nodularin (NOD) by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05.

Nodularin (NOD) is greatly produced by Nodularia spumigena and released into the environment when toxic cyanobacterial blooms happened in natural water body, which is seriously harmful to human and animals. The promising bacterial strain of Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 was found to have an ability in biodegrading NOD.

Long term puzzles of the CH and CD energetics and related phenomena revisited; solutions sought through REMPI-photofragmentations of bromomethanes.

Ever since the pioneering work by Herzberg and Johns in 1969 (The Astrophysical Journal, 1969, 158, 399) the spectral assignment and the energetics of the fundamental molecular fragment CH, in the region of 63 000-65 000 cm(-1) (7.81-8.06 eV), have remained a puzzle to a large extent.

Conformational toggling controls target site choice for the heteromeric transposase element Tn7.

The bacterial transposon Tn7 facilitates horizontal transfer by directing transposition into actively replicating DNA with the element-encoded protein TnsE. Structural analysis of the C-terminal domain of wild-type TnsE identified a novel protein fold including a central V-shaped loop that toggles between two distinct conformations. The structure of a robust TnsE gain-of-activity variant has this loop locked in a single conformation, suggesting that conformational flexibility regulates TnsE activity.

State interactions and illumination of hidden states through perturbations and observations of new states: High energy resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization of HI.

Hydrogen iodide, a Hund's case (c) molecule, serves as a benchmark compound for studying rich molecular state interactions between Rydberg and valence states as well as between Rydberg states at high energies (72,300-74,600 cm(-1)) by mass resolved resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI). Perturbations in the spectra appearing as deformations in line-positions, line-intensities, and linewidths are found to be either due to near-degenerate or non-degenerate interactions, both homogeneous and heterogeneous in nature. Perturbation analyses allow indirect observation as well as characterization of "hidden states" to some extent.

Pathway for Biodegrading Microcystin-YR by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05.

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms in waters have become a global environmental problem, this mainly due to the production and release of various microalgal toxins, in which microcystins (MCs) are distributed widely. Here, we focused on the study of a typical form of microcystins called microcystin-YR (MC-YR). It was found that initial 14.

Overexpression of afsR and Optimization of Metal Chloride to Improve Lomofungin Production in Streptomyces lomondensis S015.

As a global regulatory gene in Streptomyces, afsR can activate the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. The effect of afsR on the biosynthesis of a phenazine metabolite, lomofungin, was studied in Streptomyces lomondensis S015. There was a 2.

Biocompatibility of quantum dots (CdSe/ZnS ) in human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.

Background And Aim: Amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAM-dMSCs) are a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells which could be used to repair skin damage. The use of mesenchymal stem cells to repair skin damage requires safe, effective and biocompatible agents to evaluate the effectiveness of the result. Quantum dots (QDs) composed of CdSe/ZnS are semiconductor nanocrystals with broad excitation and narrow emission spectra, which have been considered as a new chemical and fluorescent substance for non-invasively labeling different cells in vitro and in vivo.

Photofragmentation, state interaction, and energetics of Rydberg and ion-pair states: resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization of HI.

Mass resolved resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization data for hydrogen iodide (HI), for two-photon resonance excitation to Rydberg and ion-pair states in the 69,600-72,400 cm(-1) region were recorded and analyzed. Spectral perturbations due to homogeneous and heterogeneous interactions between Rydberg and ion-pair states, showing as deformations in line-positions, line-intensities, and line-widths, were focused on. Parameters relevant to photodissociation processes, state interaction strengths and spectroscopic parameters for deperturbed states were derived.

[Advances in the pathway and molecular mechanism for the biodegradation of microcystins].

With increasing discharge of wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus into rivers and lakes, harmful cyanobacterial blooms have become more frequent worldwide. The main harm of cyanobacterial blooms is producing and releasing a great amount of algal toxins mainly containing microcystins (MCs). Since MCs are extremely harmful to plants and animals and difficult to be removed efficiently by the traditional processing methods, how to control harmful cyanobacterial blooms and remove MCs have become an unsolved problem in the field of environmental science all over the world.

Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of CH₂Br₂: Rydberg states, photofragmentation, and CH spectra.

Mass-resolved (2 + n) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectra of CH2Br2 in the two-photon resonance excitation region from 71 200 to 82 300 cm(-1) were recorded and analyzed. Spectral structures allowed characterization of new molecular Rydberg states. C*((1)D2) was found to be an important intermediate in the photodissociation processes.

Photofragmentations, state interactions, and energetics of Rydberg and ion-pair states: resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization via E and V (B) states of HCl and HBr.

(2 + n) resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization mass spectra for resonance excitations to diabatic E(1)Σ(+) (v') Rydberg and V (1)Σ(+) (v') ion-pair states (adiabatic B(1)Σ(+)(v') states) of H(i)Cl (i = 35,37) and H(i)Br (i = 79,81) were recorded as a function of excitation wavenumber (two-dimensional REMPI). Simulation analyses of ion signal intensities, deperturbation analysis of line shifts and interpretations of line-widths are used to derive qualitative and quantitative information concerning the energetics of the states, off-resonance interactions between the E states and V states, closest in energy as well as on predissociation channels. Spectroscopic parameters for the E(1)Σ(+) (v')(v' = 1) for H(35)Cl and v' = 0 for H(79)Br states, interaction strengths for E - V state interactions and parameters relevant to dissociation of the E states are derived.

Photofragmentations, state interactions, and energetics of Rydberg and ion-pair states: two-dimensional resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization of HBr via singlet-, triplet-, Ω = 0 and 2 states.

Mass spectra were recorded for one-colour resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) of H(i)Br (i = 79, 81) for the two-photon resonance excitation region 79,040-80,300 cm(-1) to obtain two-dimensional REMPI data. The data were analysed in terms of rotational line positions, intensities, and line-widths. Quantitative analysis of the data relevant to near-resonance interactions between the F(1)Δ(2)(v' = 1) and V(1)Σ(+)(v' = m + 7) states gives interaction strengths, fractional state mixing, and parameters relevant to dissociation of the F state.

Cloning and expression of the first gene for biodegrading microcystin LR by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05.

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms are a growing environmental problem worldwide in natural waters, the biodegradation is found to be the most efficient method for removing microcystins (MCs) produced by harmful cyanobacteria. Based on the isolation of a promising bacterial strain of Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 for biodegrading MCs, we for the first time cloned and expressed a gene USTB-05-A (HM245411) that is responsible for the first step in the biodegradation of microcystin LR (MC-LR) in E.

Two-dimensional resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization of H(i)Cl; i = 35, 37: state interactions, photofragmentations and energetics of high energy Rydberg states.

Mass spectra were recorded for (2 + n) resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) of HCl as a function of resonance excitation energy in the 88865-89285 cm(-1) region to obtain two-dimensional REMPI data. Band spectra due to two-photon resonance transitions to number of Rydberg states (Ω' = 0, 1, and 2) and the ion-pair state V((1)Σ(+)(Ω' = 0)) for H(35)Cl and H(37)Cl were identified, assigned, and analyzed with respect to Rydberg to ion-pair interactions. Perturbations show as line-, hence energy level-, shifts, as well as ion signal intensity variations with rotational quantum numbers, J', which, together, allowed determination of parameters relevant to the nature and strength of the state interactions as well as dissociation and ionization processes.