Variability and drivers of plankton community metabolism in Yazhou Bay: A spatial and seasonal assessment.

Planktonic carbon metabolism is often used as a critical indicator to assess the health of marine ecosystems and their carbon sequestration capacity. In this study, we examined the spatial variability and driving factors of plankton metabolism, including gross primary production (GPP), respiration (CR), and their balance, net community production (NCP), in Yazhou Bay, a representative tropical open bay. The results revealed that the distribution of GPP and CR in Yazhou Bay is influenced by terrestrial inputs, seasonal rainfall, and oceanic currents, resulting in pronounced seasonal and spatial variations.

Implementation of a multidimensional pain competency education program for neonatal healthcare professionals to translate pain knowledge into clinical practice: A mixed methods study.

Background: Undertreatment of neonatal pain is often attributed to inadequate healthcare professional education. Determining strategies to effectively improve clinical pain knowledge to promote the skills and practices of neonatal healthcare professionals is imperative.

Objectives: To develop a multidimensional pain competency education program and to evaluate its effect on neonatal healthcare professionals' pain management knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, behaviors, as well as on neonatology department's pain management practice.

Oncological effects and complications of salvage cryotherapy for radio-recurrent prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cryotherapy plays a crucial role in managing radio-recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) after initial treatment. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of its effectiveness and associated complications.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and EMBASE databases up to June 2024, focusing on recurrence-free survival (RFS) with salvage cryotherapy across various subgroups.

Total flavonoids extracted from the leaves of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack prevents acetaminophen-induced liver injury by activating Keap1/Nrf2 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In regions such as China and Southeast Asia, leaves of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack are highly valued for their ability to detoxify and reduce swelling, promote blood circulation, and alleviate pain. These properties are harnessed in traditional healing practices, where the herb is aligned with the liver and stomach meridians in Chinese medicine.

Dual proximity ligation mediated chain extension and displacement assisted signal cycles for sensitive and accurate methicillin-resistant (MRSA) detection.

Infectious diseases have emerged as a significant global concern, posing a substantial burden in terms of high morbidity and mortality and presenting considerable challenges in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, it is highly desired to develop new strategies for sensitive and accurate bacteria detection to address the global epidemic of antibiotic resistance. In this study, a new technique utilizing a dual proximity ligation mediated chain extension and displacement strategy was developed for precise identification and highly sensitive detection of Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA).

Salvage low-dose vs high-dose brachytherapy for radio-recurrent prostate cancer.

Objective: To summarise the efficacy and toxicity of salvage low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) and compare these findings with the published data on salvage high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT).

Methods: We reviewed PubMed and EMBASE for studies published up to May 2024, mainly focusing on recurrence-free survival (RFS) with salvage LDR-BT across subgroups. We also compared RFS and adverse events with HDR-BT as a secondary objective.

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy for radio-recurrent prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is pivotal in managing radio-recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). This study aims to comprehensively review its efficacy and associated severe toxicities.

Methods: A thorough review of PubMed and EMBASE databases up to July 2024 was conducted to assess recurrence-free survival (RFS) with salvage SBRT across various subgroups.

Identification of the Oncogenic Role of the Circ_0001326/miR-577/VDAC1 Cascade in Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer death among men worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PCa. However, the precise action of circ_0001326 in PCa malignant progression is still unknown.

5,7,3',4',5'-Pentamethoxyflavone, a Flavonoid Monomer Extracted From Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Alleviates Anxiety Through the AR/Gephyrin/GABRA2 Pathway.

The sedative and hypnotic properties of 5,7,3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone (PMF), a monomer extracted from the leaves of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, have been reported. However, the role of PMFs in the development of anxiety remains uncertain.

Microglia Caspase11 non-canonical inflammasome drives fever.

Aim: Animals exhibit physiological changes designed to eliminate the perceived danger, provoking similar symptoms of fever. However, a high-grade fever indicates poor clinical outcomes. Caspase11 (Casp11) is involved in many inflammatory diseases.

Predicting long-term outcomes for acute ischemic stroke using multi-model MRI radiomics and clinical variables.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to create and validate a novel prediction model that incorporated both multi-modal radiomics features and multi-clinical features, with the aim of accurately identifying acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who faced a higher risk of poor outcomes.

Methods: A cohort of 461 patients diagnosed with AIS from four centers was divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort. Radiomics features were extracted and selected from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images to create a radiomic signature.

Enhancing Information Maximization With Distance-Aware Contrastive Learning for Source-Free Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning.

Existing Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning (CDFSL) methods require access to source domain data to train a model in the pre-training phase. However, due to increasing concerns about data privacy and the desire to reduce data transmission and training costs, it is necessary to develop a CDFSL solution without accessing source data. For this reason, this paper explores a Source-Free CDFSL (SF-CDFSL) problem, in which CDFSL is addressed through the use of existing pretrained models instead of training a model with source data, avoiding accessing source data.

Associations between insomnia and large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke: An observational study.

Objectives: This study explored the association between insomnia and the clinical outcome of large vessel occlusion Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) and attempted to explore its potential mechanisms from the perspectives of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Methods: AIS patients who underwent endovascular treatment for large vessel occlusion at Binzhou Central Hospital from 2018 to 2022 (n = 508) were included. Patients were divided into an insomnia group and a non-insomnia group.

The prevalence and risk factors of sexual dysfunction among females with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

In recent years, numerous epidemiological studies have investigated the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in females with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, a comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis pooling their findings is lacking. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence estimates of FSD and its risk factors among females with IBD based on extensive research in electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) from inception until April 1, 2023.

Prevalence and predictors of sexual dysfunction in females with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several observational studies have explored the prevalence and predictors of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) among females with type 1 diabetes. However, no systematic review and meta-analysis of pooled data provide reliable estimates of FSD prevalence among females with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To investigate the global prevalence of FSD, analyze the association between FSD risk and type 1 diabetes, and evaluate the predictors of FSD among females with type 1 diabetes.

Ginsenoside Rc Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis: Role of SIRT1 Activation.

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury occurs when coronary blood supply is impaired and then re-established, leading to additional injury to the myocardial tissue, including mitochondria oxidative stress and apoptosis. Ginsenoside Rc is one of the main protopanaxadiol-type saponins, and there has been relatively little research on it. Despite research confirming that ginsenoside Rc regulates mitochondrial functions, its potential benefits against MI/R injury have not been explored.

Microglial depletion impairs glial scar formation and aggravates inflammation partly by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation in astrocytes after spinal cord injury.

Astrocytes and microglia play an orchestrated role following spinal cord injury; however, the molecular mechanisms through which microglia regulate astrocytes after spinal cord injury are not yet fully understood. Herein, microglia were pharmacologically depleted and the effects on the astrocytic response were examined. We further explored the potential mechanisms involving the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway.

Ginsenoside Rd Inhibited Ferroptosis to Alleviate CCl-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice via cGAS/STING Pathway.

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced lipid peroxidation associated with hepatic oxidative stress and cell death is an important mechanism of acute liver injury (ALI). Ginsenoside Rd is considered an active ingredient of ginseng. Evidence suggests that ginsenoside Rd may improve ischaemic stroke, nerve damage, cancer and other diseases involving apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury and autophagy.

Ginsenoside Rc attenuates myocardial ischaemic injury through antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.

Context: C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae) is a famous Asian medicine.

Ginsenoside Re Improves Inflammation and Fibrosis in Hepatic Tissue by Upregulating PPAR Expression and Inhibiting Oxidative Stress in db/db Mice.

Ginsenoside Re (Re) is the main component of "Zhenyuan Capsule" (ZYC), which was wildly used in clinic in China for adjunctive treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) and type II diabetes (T2DM). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most important complications of T2DM, as well as an important risk factor of CHD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Re on NAFLD in db/db mice, one of the most recognized gene deficient animal models on T2DM.

Ginseng-Astragalus-oxymatrine injection ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice and enhances the immune activity of RAW264.7 cells.

Ethnopharmacological Significance: Ginseng quinquefolium (L.), Astragalus membranaceus, and Sophora flavescens Aiton are popular folk medicines in many Asian countries and regions. These three traditional Chinese herbs and their extracts have been reported to considerably enhance the immune function.

Pseudo-ginsenoside Rh2 Induces Protective Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells.

Background: Pseudo-ginsenoside-Rh2 (pseudo-G-Rh2), a novel derivative of ginsenoside Rh2, is reported to exert a pro-apoptotic effect on various malignancies. However, whether this anti-cancer action of pseudo-G-Rh2 involves autophagy remains to be determined and explored.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the pseudo-G-Rh2-induced apoptosis and autophagy and the underlying mechanism.

Ginsenoside Rc Ameliorates Endothelial Insulin Resistance via Upregulation of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health concern which may cause cardiovascular complications. Insulin resistance (IR), regarded as a hallmark of T2DM, is characterized by endothelial dysfunction. Ginsenoside Rc is one of the main protopanaxadiol-type saponins with relatively less research on it.

Protective effects of polysaccharides from Panax ginseng on acute gastric ulcers induced by ethanol in rats.

Panax ginseng is a traditional medicine used in China to treat many diseases. Polysaccharides are primary active components and have many pharmacological effects. Gastric ulcer is a serious gastrointestinal disease.

Saponins Protect Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion No-Reflow Through Inhibiting the Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

At present, many patients who undergo reperfusion immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention will undergo microvascular obstruction and reduction in myocardial blood flow. This phenomenon is called "no-reflow (NR)," and there is still no effective therapy for NR. Studies showed saponins (PQS) have effect on MI/R injury, while the effect and mechanism of PQS on MI/R induced NR are not clear.