Optimizing dosimetry in Y-90 microsphere radioembolization: GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo simulation versus conventional methods for high-volume setting.

Background: Yttrium-90 (Y) microsphere radioembolization has shown unique advantages in treating both primary and metastatic liver cancer and was introduced into China in 2022. Despite the development of various dosimetric models-ranging from empirical to voxel-based approaches-practical implementation remains challenging. With over 370,000 new liver cancer cases annually and limited access to certified Y treatment centers, Chinese interventional oncology departments face increasing pressure to balance dosimetric accuracy with clinical efficiency.

Targeting SLC7A5 in lung squamous cell carcinoma: implications for cancer metabolism shift and boron neutron capture therapy resistance.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) poses a significant global health challenge due to the lack of effective treatments. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), a targeted particle therapy, has shown promising results in various cancers. SLC7A5, a transporter of essential amino acids and boronophenylalanine (BPA) used in BNCT, emerges as a potential therapeutic target.

Evaluation of relative biological effectiveness of Ac and its decay daughters with Monte Carlo track structure simulations.

Background: Ac is a radionuclide that can be utilized in targeted alpha therapy (TAT). To accurately assess the absorbed dose and radiation effects in TAT, it is necessary to calculate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE). This study aims to calculate the RBE of Ac and its decay daughters with a Monte Carlo method.

The prognostic value of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in patients with lung cancer receiving immunotherapy: a propensity score matching study.

Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a prognostic factor and its impact on response to immunotherapy is still unknown in lung cancer. We aimed to explore the role of SO and body composition in predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 119 patients with lung cancer who underwent immunotherapy.

Evolution of HER2 expression after neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced gastric cancer.

HER2 is a crucial biomarker in gastric cancer, influencing both treatment strategies and patient prognosis. A multicenter retrospective study was conducted, including 398 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who received neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) followed by gastrectomy between 2018 and 2023 at three medical centers in China. Alterations in HER2 expression after NAT were detected in more than 40% of patients, with a higher rate of decreased expression (26.

Alpha fetoprotein (AFP)-producing gastric cancer: clinicopathological features and treatment strategies.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a widely recognized tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma and yolk sac tumors. Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is a rare but highly malignant subtype of gastric cancer associated with poor prognosis. It is characterized by AFP positivity detected in serum or immunohistochemical staining, may along with hepatocellular differentiation.

Toripalimab plus bevacizumab versus sorafenib as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPATORCH): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: Although several PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic agents have been approved as first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, treatment needs remain unmet given the high incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma and due to factors such as regional approval status, medical insurance restrictions, and cost considerations. In this phase 3 HEPATORCH study, we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of toripalimab plus bevacizumab versus sorafenib in patients with previously untreated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: We did a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study in 57 hospitals across mainland China, Taiwan, and Singapore.

CgABR1-CgFAD negatively regulates the fruit neck length in citrus.

Pummelo (Citrus maxima) is a fundamental species of Citrus which contributes to most of the cultivated citrus, including sweet orange, lemon and etc. The fruit neck is a structural feature of pummelo, and a long fruit neck reduces the edible rate of the fruit. In this study, we assembled a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free reference genome for the typical short fruit neck cultivar, 'Pingshan' pummelo, and a chromosome-level genome for the typical long fruit neck cultivar, 'Shatian' pummelo.

Helicobacter pylori reversing the landscape of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for microsatellite stable gastric cancer: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: Microsatellite stable (MSS) gastric cancer (GC) is largely unresponsive to immunotherapy, presenting a persistent and formidable challenge in the field. Patients with advanced GC and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection have shown benefits from immunotherapy.

Research on Flexible Sensors for Wearable Devices: A Review.

With the development of new materials and the trend of miniaturization of smart devices, wearable devices are playing an increasingly important role in people's lives and occupying a larger market share. Meanwhile, the operation of wearable devices is based on the flexible sensors inside them. Although the development of flexible sensors has been very rapid in the more than 20 years since entering the 21st century, facing the booming market and demand at present, the development of flexible sensors still faces many challenges such as more miniaturization, higher integration, greater sustainability, high precision, and more efficient energy saving.

Reprogramming of Glucose Metabolism by Nanocarriers to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy: Recent Advances and Applications.

Although immunotherapy has made significant progress in cancer treatment, its limited responsiveness has greatly hindered widespread clinical application. The Warburg effect in tumor cells creates a tumor microenvironment (TME) characterized by hypoxia, low glucose levels, and high lactate levels, which severely inhibits the antitumor immune response. Consequently, targeting glucose metabolism to reprogram the TME is considered an effective strategy for reversing immunosuppression and immune evasion.

Prolonged time interval from neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy to surgery is related to unimproved pathological response and poor survival prognosis for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The optimal time interval from neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy to surgery for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma remains unknown. This research aims to assess the impact of time interval on pathological response and survival prognosis.

Methods: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy followed by esophagectomy between January 2021 and March 2024 were included.

Postoperative quality of life in patients treated for thyroid cancer with transoral endoscopic and open surgery.

Thyroid cancer treatments often impact patients' quality of life (QOL). The transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) gets lot attention as a scarless alternative, but its influence on postoperative QOL remains unclear. This study compares TOETVA and open surgery outcomes regarding postoperative QOL, scar satisfaction, and mental health in thyroid cancer patients to inform surgical decision-making.

Dual-positive gastric cancer: an extremely malignant subtype of gastric cancer with high serum alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen concentrations.

Background: Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is a highly malignant subtype of gastric cancer, but solely alpha-fetoprotein may fail to accurately predict the prognosis. Although the utilization of multi tumor markers could improve stratified patient management, such research in AFPGC is still blank. This study seeks to evaluate whether combining multiple tumor markers can enhance risk stratification and identify AFPGC subtypes with poor prognosis.

Different p-block elements induce C[111] octahedral distortion in titanium to generate an intense nonlinear effect.

Acentric crystalline materials are the cornerstone of numerous cutting-edge technologies and have been highly sought-after, but they are difficult to construct controllably. Herein, by introducing a new p-block element to break the symmetrical environment of the d transition metal in the centric matrix TiTeO, a novel acentric tellurite sulfate, namely Ti(TeO)(SO), was successfully constructed. In its structure, two types of p-block element-centered oxo-anionic groups, [TeO] and [SO], endow [TiO] with an out-of-center distortion along the local C[111] direction, which is rare in titanium oxides containing a lone-pair cation.

Single-cell mitophagy patterns within the tumor microenvironment modulate intercellular communication, impacting the progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system with a high incidence that seriously threatens patients' lives and health. However, with the rise and application of new treatments, such as immunotherapy, there are still some restrictions in the treatment and diagnosis of HCC, and the therapeutic effects on patients are not ideal.

Methods: Two single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets from HCC patients, encompassing 25,189 cells, were analyzed in the study.

Cationic Coordination Modification Drives Birefringence and Nonlinear Effect Double Lifting in Sulfate.

As nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals, sulfates have the superiority of transparency for ultraviolet (UV) light, but they are often troubled by small nonlinear coefficients and birefringence owing to the high symmetry of the [SO] group. By introducing two neutral diethylenetriamine (DETA) molecules to replace the six coordinated water molecules of the [Zn(HO)] complex cation in [Zn(HO)](SO)(HO), a new sulfate with an acentric structure, namely, [Zn(DETA)](SO)(HO), has been designed and synthesized. Structural investigation reveals that the coordination modification of Zn ion tremendously enhances its intraoctahedral distortion.

Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Combined with Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy Versus Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background/aims: In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) compared to TACE monotherapy for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: Relevant studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases until September 1, 2023. Our analysis included 7 cohort studies encompassing a total of 630 patients.

Novel 4-chlorophenoxyacetate dioxygenase-mediated phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides initial catabolism in Cupriavidus sp. DL-D2.

Microbial metabolism is an important driving force for the elimination of 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid residues in the environment. The α-Ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (TfdA) or 2,4-D oxygenase (CadAB) catalyzes the cleavage of the aryl ether bond of 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid to 4-chlorophenol, which is one of the important pathways for the initial metabolism of 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid by microorganisms. However, strain Cupriavidus sp.

Gastric cancer in pregnancy: a review.

Malignant tumors including gastric cancer (GC) are the leading cause of deaths among reproductive women. Physiological morning sickness can mask the clinical manifestations of GC, whereas the clinical presence of metastatic tumors in the abdominal cavity may be easily mistaken for abdominal swelling caused by fetal growth. Pregnancy and delivery processes in young females could accelerate the growth of GC, leading to its rapid development and grave prognosis.

Second Harmonic Generation in β-KTeWO: An Acentric Crystal Designed from Centric Phase via Pressure Modulation.

The latent value of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals applied in solid-state laser equipment necessitates the development of applicable strategies for constructing noncentrosymmetric (NCS) crystals. By modulating the synthetic temperature and pressure to achieve the rearrangement of [TeO] groups, a new NCS tellurium tungstate, β-KTeWO (β-KTW), with a strong second harmonic generation (SHG) response was synthesized based on its centrosymmetric polymorphic phase α-KTeWO (α-KTW). Computational calculation reveals that the large SHG response of β-KTW (15 × KHPO@1064 and 1.

Transcriptome differential expression analysis of defoliation of two different lemon varieties.

'Allen Eureka' is a bud variety of Eureka lemon with excellent fruiting traits. However, it suffers from severe winter defoliation that leads to a large loss of organic nutrients and seriously affects the tree's growth and development as well as the yield of the following year, and the mechanism of its response to defoliation is still unclear. In order to investigate the molecular regulatory mechanisms of different leaf abscission periods in lemon, two lemon cultivars ('Allen Eureka' and 'Yunning No.