Ligand-metal charge transfer-enabled copper-gallate nanozyme rescue oxidative stressed reparative cells for inflammatory dental tissue regeneration.

Dental tissue regeneration is often challenged by the hostile inflammatory microenvironment and the dysfunction of reparative cells due to oxidative stress. This study presents a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging nanozyme induced by ligand-to-metal charge transfer, engineered as a multifunctional capping material through the in situ growth of copper-gallate (CuGA) on hydroxyapatite nanofibers (HAFs). The obtained CuGA@HAF demonstrates superior ROS-scavenging capacity through its multi-enzyme mimetic activity, effectively rescuing the function of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) under oxidative stress by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis.

Method for evaluating the stray-light suppression performance of an internally occulted reflecting coronagraph in the Lyman alpha band.

The Lyman alpha (Lyman- or ) radiation emitted by hydrogen is the strongest ultraviolet spectral line on the corona, which can provide important coronal information that is difficult to obtain at other wavelengths and of great significance to comprehensively study the origin of the corona. In order to observe the corona and provide space weather warning in time, the stray-light suppression performance with a field-of-view (FOV) of 2.5 ( stands for the mean solar radius) for coronagraphs should be suppressed to 10 ( is the mean brightness of the solar disk).

Progranulin (PGRN) Facilitates Anti-Inflammation and Pulpitis Repair In Vivo and In Vitro Through TNFR2/14-3-3ε Signalling Complex.

Aim: To investigate the role and mechanism of progranulin (PGRN) in reparative dentinogenesis and inflammation control for rat pulpitis and inflammatory human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).

Methodology: Eight-week-old male Wistar rats with irreversible pulpitis were treated with pulpotomy and divided into five groups: No treatment; Control; iRoot BP plus (BP); GelMA and recombinant human PGRN (rhPGRN) + GelMA (rhPGRN). Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) scans and histological and immunohistochemical staining were conducted to evaluate rhPGRN' anti-inflammation and pro-healing properties.

The pro-cancer and immunosuppressive activity of macrophage-transformed cancer-associated fibroblasts in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), exhibit heterogeneity, and macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT) has been demonstrated to be one of the origins of CAFs. However, the existence and functional features of MMT cells (MMTs) relative to general CAFs in tumors, especially in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), have not been fully revealed.

Objectives: This study is intended to understand the origin and functional features of MMT and the underlying mechanisms of its formation and functionality.

Near-infrared light-emitting diode based on graphene/layered γ-InSe Schottky junction.

The on-chip near-infrared (NIR) light source devices based on van der Waals (vdW) layered materials are increasingly sought after due to their broad applications, including optoelectronic communication, computing, and sensing. The accomplishment of the electrical injection of electrons and holes is highly attractive as a step toward the realization of electrically driven NIR lasers for communication systems. Here, we demonstrated a NIR light-emitting diode (LED) device based on γ-InSe microflakes.

Intraoperative Direct Sonication Versus Conventional Sonication in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection: Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy and Time to Positivity of Fluid Culture.

Background: Conventional sonication is a recommended method in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), but the accuracy of diagnosis is still not ideal. We have applied the use of a handheld ultrasonic device and the intraoperative direct sonication of prostheses and soft tissues retrieved during surgery to improve the efficacy of the microbiological diagnosis of PJI and the incubation time of pathogens.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with PJI or aseptic loosening who underwent revision, DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention), or resection, and for whom either sonication method was used between July 2017 and June 2023.

Porphyromonas gingivalis-Lipopolysaccharide Induced Gingival Fibroblasts Trained Immunity Sustains Inflammation in Periodontitis.

Aim: To investigate whether trained immunity occurs in gingival fibroblasts (GFs) and its relationship to the persistence of inflammation in periodontitis.

Methods: Periodontally healthy and inflammatory gingival fibroblasts (HGFs and IGFs) were cultured through continuous adherence subculture of tissue blocks. Trained immunity in HGFs was evaluated via a classic in vitro model, with relevant markers assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, lactate content assay, glycolytic rate assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation.

Periodontitis promotes tumor growth and immune evasion via PD-1/PD-L1.

Background: Our study investigated the role of experimental periodontitis on tumor growth, local and systemic immunosuppressive status, and programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) / programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and prostate cancer.

Methods: Mouse oral or prostate cancer xenograft models were divided into control, periodontitis and periodontitis + anti-PD-1 groups. Tumor volume and weight were recorded and the levels of relevant immune-suppressive cells and T cells were detected by flow cytometry or immunofluorescence.

CORM-3 Inhibits the Inflammatory Response of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts Stimulated by LPS and High Glucose.

Introduction: Diabetes has been recognized as an independent risk factor for periodontitis. Increasing evidences indicate that hyperglycemia aggravates inflammatory response of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). Carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3) is a water-soluble compound that can release carbon monoxide (CO) in a controllable manner.

The role of CXCL2-mediated crosstalk between tumor cells and macrophages in Fusobacterium nucleatum-promoted oral squamous cell carcinoma progression.

Dysbiosis of the oral microbiota is related to chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis. Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a significant component of the oral microbiota, can perturb the immune system and form an inflammatory microenvironment for promoting the occurrence and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecule-3 Suppresses Tumor Necrosis Factor-- and Interleukin-1-Induced Expression of Junctional Molecules on Human Gingival Fibroblasts via the Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway.

Human gingival fibroblast barrier dysfunction caused by inflammation contributes to gingivitis and can lead to inflammatory periodontal disease. The disease features include upregulated epithelial permeability, increased inflammatory mediators, and downregulated junctional complex molecules. Carbon monoxide- (CO-) releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3) is a water-soluble compound that has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in and studies.