Integrating radiomics, artificial intelligence, and molecular signatures in bone and soft tissue tumors: advances in diagnosis and prognostication.

This systematic review evaluates the integration of radiomics, artificial intelligence (AI), and molecular signatures for diagnosing and prognosticating bone and soft tissue tumors (BSTTs). Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we analyzed 24 studies from 1,141 initial records across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Our findings reveal that while radiomics-AI pipelines are well-developed for BSTT assessment - particularly using MRI (72% of studies) and CT (25%) with machine learning classifiers like random forests (42%) and CNNs (17%) - molecular data integration remains virtually absent.

Unlabeled-Data-Enhanced Tool Remaining Useful Life Prediction Based on Graph Neural Network.

Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of cutting tools plays an important role in modern manufacturing because it provides the criterion used in decisions to replace worn cutting tools just in time so that machining deficiency and unnecessary costs will be restrained. However, the performance of existing deep learning algorithms is limited due to the smaller quantity and low quality of labeled training datasets, because it is costly and time-consuming to build such datasets. A large amount of unlabeled data in practical machining processes is underutilized.

CellMemory: hierarchical interpretation of out-of-distribution cells using bottlenecked transformer.

Machine learning methods, especially Transformer architectures, have been widely employed in single-cell omics studies. However, interpretability and accurate representation of out-of-distribution (OOD) cells remains challenging. Inspired by the global workspace theory in cognitive neuroscience, we introduce CellMemory, a bottlenecked Transformer with improved generalizability designed for the hierarchical interpretation of OOD cells.

Development of a High-Efficacy and Low-Toxicity Cobalt(II) Agent for Targeting Inhibition of Tumor Growth through Mitochondrial Damage-Mediated Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy.

To overcome the deficiencies of platinum agents and the targeted inhibition of tumor growth, we proposed to develop a high-efficacy and low-toxicity cobalt (Co) agent multiacting on tumor cells based on the properties of the tumor microenvironment and liposomes (Lip). To this end, we optimized a series of Co(II) α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazone complexes to obtain a Co(II) complex (C3) with significant cytotoxicity against tumor cells through an investigation of their structure-activity relationships and then constructed a C3-Lip delivery system. results showed that, on the one hand, C3/C3-Lip effectively inhibits tumor growth with almost no toxic side effects; on the other hand, C3-Lip improves the therapeutic efficiency and targeting ability of C3.

UDA-seq: universal droplet microfluidics-based combinatorial indexing for massive-scale multimodal single-cell sequencing.

The use of single-cell combinatorial indexing sequencing via droplet microfluidics presents an attractive approach for balancing cost, scalability, robustness and accessibility. However, existing methods often require tailored protocols for individual modalities, limiting their automation potential and clinical applicability. To address this, we introduce UDA-seq, a universal workflow that integrates a post-indexing step to enhance throughput and systematically adapt existing droplet-based single-cell multimodal methods.

The mitochondrial function of peripheral blood cells in cognitive frailty patients.

Background: Cognitive frailty (), characterized by the coexistence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, is linked to increased morbidity and mortality in older adults. While has been linked to multiple physiological and lifestyle factors, the underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the risk factors for and explored the relationship between mitochondrial function and in hospitalized patients.

Multi-Sensor monitoring dataset for milling process with varied parameters and materials.

Real-time monitoring of milling parameters is essential to improve machining efficiency and quality, especially for the workpieces with complex geometry. Its main task is to build the relationship between the parameters and the monitoring data. As the relationship is challenging to be established solely through mechanism-driven or data-driven methods, the physics informed method, based on prior physical laws between physical signals and milling parameters, becomes the optimal method.

Single-Cell Chromatin Accessibility Analysis Reveals Subgroup-Specific TF-NTR Regulatory Circuits in Medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB) stands as one of the prevalent malignant brain tumors among pediatric patients. Despite its prevalence, the intricate interplay between the regulatory program driving malignancy in MB cells and their interactions with the microenvironment remains insufficiently understood. Leveraging the capabilities of single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq), the chromatin accessibility landscape is unveiled across 59,015 distinct MB cells.

Alterations of the cerebral microstructure in patients with noise-induced hearing loss: A diffusion tensor imaging study.

Objective: To explore the changes in the cerebral microstructure of patients with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Method: Overall, 122 patients with NIHL (mild [MP, n = 79], relatively severe patients [including moderate and severe; RSP, n = 32], and undetermined [lost to follow-up, n = 11]) and 84 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. All clinical data, including age, education level, hearing threshold, occupation type, noise exposure time, and some scale scores (including the Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE], tinnitus handicap inventory [THI], and Hamilton Anxiety Scale [HAMA]), were collected and analyzed.

Analysis of blood methylation quantitative trait loci in East Asians reveals ancestry-specific impacts on complex traits.

Methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) are essential for understanding the role of DNA methylation changes in genetic predisposition, yet they have not been fully characterized in East Asians (EAs). Here we identified mQTLs in whole blood from 3,523 Chinese individuals and replicated them in additional 1,858 Chinese individuals from two cohorts. Over 9% of mQTLs displayed specificity to EAs, facilitating the fine-mapping of EA-specific genetic associations, as shown for variants associated with height.

Vision matters for shape representation: Evidence from sculpturing and drawing in the blind.

Shape is a property that could be perceived by vision and touch, and is classically considered to be supramodal. While there is mounting evidence for the shared cognitive and neural representation space between visual and tactile shape, previous research tended to rely on dissimilarity structures between objects and had not examined the detailed properties of shape representation in the absence of vision. To address this gap, we conducted three explicit object shape knowledge production experiments with congenitally blind and sighted participants, who were asked to produce verbal features, 3D clay models, and 2D drawings of familiar objects with varying levels of tactile exposure, including tools, large nonmanipulable objects, and animals.

Microascones, Decahydrofluorene-Class Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Fungus sp. SCSIO 41821.

Eight new decahydrofluorene-class alkaloids, microascones A and B ( and ), 2,3-epoxyphomapyrrolidone C (), 14,16-epiascomylactam B (), 24-hydroxyphomapyrrolidone A (), and microascones C-E (-), along with five known analogs (-) were isolated from the marine-derived fungus sp. SCSIO 41821. Compounds and have an unprecedented complex macrocyclic alkaloid skeleton with a 6/5/6/5/6/5/13 polycyclic system.

Alterations of resting-state functional network connectivity in patients with noise-induced hearing loss: A study based on independent component analysis.

Functional reorganization is a response to auditory deficits or deprivation, and less is known about the overall brain network alterations involving resting-state networks (RSNs) and multiple functional networks in patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). So this study evaluated resting-state functional network connectivity (FNC) alterations in occupational NIHL using an independent component analysis (ICA). In total, 79 mild NIHL patients (MP), 32 relatively severe NIHL patients (RSP), and 84 age- and education- matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited.

Tribological Properties of Groove-Textured Ti-6Al-4V Alloys with Solid Lubricants in Dry Sliding against GCr15 Steel Balls.

A nanosecond laser is used to fabricate groove-patterned textures on the upper surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloys, and then molybdic sulfide solid lubricants are filled into the grooves. The treated titanium alloy is subjected to friction and wear tests. The tribological performances of Ti-6Al-4V alloys are evaluated, and the wearing mechanism is analyzed.

Alternaphenol B2, a new IDH1 inhibitor from the coral-derived fungus SCSIO SX7W11.

A new aromatic polyketide, alternaphenol B2 (), and four known compounds () were isolated from the coralderived fungus SCSIO SX7W11. Their structures were elucidated by high-resolution mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and comparison with reported literatures. Compounds and exhibited selective inhibitory activity against isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant R132H (IDH1m), with IC values of 41.

The value of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in the diagnosis of urinary calculi: a systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective studies.

Objective: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging technology opens a new idea and method for analyzing stone composition, which can obtain several quantitative parameters reflecting tissue-related information and energy images different from traditional images. However, the application of DECT in diagnosing urinary calculi remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the value of DECT in diagnosing urinary calculi by meta-analysis.

T cell receptor β repertoires in patients with COVID-19 reveal disease severity signatures.

Background: The immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are crucial in maintaining a delicate balance between protective effects and harmful pathological reactions that drive the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). T cells play a significant role in adaptive antiviral immune responses, making it valuable to investigate the heterogeneity and diversity of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in COVID-19 patients with varying disease severity.

Methods: In this study, we employed high-throughput T cell receptor (TCR) β repertoire sequencing to analyze TCR profiles in the peripheral blood of 192 patients with COVID-19, including those with moderate, severe, or critical symptoms, and compared them with 81 healthy controls.

Study on Preparation and Grinding Performance of Vitrified Bond CBN Grinding Wheel with Controllable Porosity.

Vitrified bond cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding wheel specimens with controllable porosity were prepared by regulating the pore former dextrin content and varying the forming pressure, and the performance of the grinding camshaft was studied. The porosity of the specimens increases with the increase in dextrin content, and decreases first and then increases with the increase in the forming pressure. The grinding experiments show that the dextrin content is negatively correlated with the grinding force and grinding temperature, while the grinding force and grinding temperature of the specimens increase and then decrease with the increase in the forming pressure.

Spontaneous acute epidural hematoma secondary to skull and dural metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.

Background: The skull and dura are uncommon sites for the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Spontaneous acute epidural hematoma (AEDH) is also very rare. We report here a spontaneous AEDH secondary to skull and dural metastasis of HCC.

miR-223-3p contributes to suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus infection.

Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) is an essential pathogen in a range of species, causing a worldwide variety of diseases, such as meningitis, endocarditis, and septicaemia. Studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate target genes at the post-transcriptional level, play an important regulatory role in the organism.

RID serve as a more appropriate measure than phenol sulfuric acid method for natural water-soluble polysaccharides quantification.

With structural diversity of water-soluble polysaccharides, their precise quantitative analysis by phenol‑sulfuric acid method becomes more difficult and challenging. In this study, the quantification analysis of dextran and glucose in phenol sulfuric acid method was compared in this paper. When the concentration is below 90 μg/mL, the quantification of glucose is close to theoretical value, however, glucose derivatives have significantly different absorption.

Social and emotion dimensional organizations in the abstract semantic space: the neuropsychological evidence.

An essential aspect of human cognition is supported by a rich reservoir of abstract concepts without tangible external referents (e.g., "honor", "relationship", "direction").

Reliability optimization of process parameters for marine diesel engine block hole system machining using improved PSO.

The processing quality of the block hole system affects the working performance of the marine diesel engine block directly. Choosing an appropriate combination of process parameters is a prerequisite to improving the accuracy of the block hole system. Uncertain fluctuations of process parameters during the machining process would affect the process reliability of the block hole system, resulting in an ultra-poor accuracy.

Lumbar Disc Herniation is a Nonnegligible Factor for the Degeneration of Sacroiliac Joints.

Background: Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) abnormality is a potential source of low back pain (LBP), therefore numerous patients receive various treatments because of the degenerative changes of SIJ. However, the outcome is unfavorable for patients because these morphologic alterations are common but not the origins of LBP. Previous studies revealed lumbar fusion and transitional vertebra increased the prevalence of degeneration of SIJ.