Effects of hesperidin and ascorbic acid combination on boar sperm quality during cryopreservation.

Hesperidin or ascorbic acid is an effective antioxidant that can protect frozen-thawed sperm from oxidative damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cryoprotective effects of hesperidin (Hsd) and ascorbic acid (AsA) on boar sperm quality during cryopreservation. Sperm samples were collected once a week for 3 weeks.

The global burden of aortic aneurysm attributable to hypertension from 1990 to 2021: Current trends and projections for 2050.

Background And Objectives: Hypertension is a major risk factor for aortic aneurysm (AA), but the global, regional, and national patterns of its related disease burden are not well studied. This study uses 2021 GBD data to examine trends in hypertension-related AA from 1990 to 2021, project future trends, and provide evidence for targeted prevention strategies.

Methods: This study extracted data on mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) associated with AA attributable to hypertension from the 2021 GBD study.

Shared and specific patterns of interhemispheric functional connectivity in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia revealed by BOLD fMRI.

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are two kinds of serious psychiatric disorders. Despite different diagnostic criteria, the patients have significant biologic and clinical overlaps, challenging for the early identification, diagnosis, intervention, and management of these two diseases. Given the limited research on interhemispheric functional connectivity (FC) differences between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, we included 38 schizophrenia patients, 34 bipolar disorder patients and 57 HCs from a publicly available fMRI dataset to investigate it across the whole brain by using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC).

Optimal exercise dosage and type for improving post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health condition. Emerging evidence suggests exercise may be effective in alleviating PTSD symptoms. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to identify the most effective types and dosages of exercise for managing PTSD in adults.

Integrative analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing reveals the oncogenic role of ANXA5 in gastric cancer and its association with drug resistance.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with over one million new cases and 769,000 deaths reported in 2020. Despite advancements in chemotherapy, surgery, and targeted therapies, delayed diagnosis due to overlooked early symptoms leads to poor prognosis.

Methods: We integrated bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets from TCGA, GEO, and OMIX001073, employing normalization, batch effect correction, and dimensionality reduction methods to identify key cell populations associated with GC invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as analyze the tumor immune microenvironment.

Characteristics of phosphorus transformation from vivianite mediated by sulphide.

The release of phosphorus (P) from anaerobic sediments becomes the dominant source of P loading with effective control of external P pollution. As a crucial component responsible for binding P, vivianite (Fe(PO)·8HO) in sediment inevitably impacts the P level and transformation. The release of P from vivianite mediated by sulphide was investigated using simulated overlying water-sediment and chemical reaction systems.

Tunable WSe-MoSe Lateral Heterojunction Photodetector Based on Piezoelectric and Flexoelectric Effects.

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with piezoelectric effects are ideal materials for future wearable devices. While enhancing the piezoelectric performance by forming vertical heterojunctions, shortcomings such as contamination at the heterojunction interface and limited built-in electric field width have been noticed. In this work, a lateral heterojunction of monolayer WSe-MoSe with type-II band alignment was employed to amplify the electromechanical optoelectronic efficiency.

Deciphering the Intricate Control of Minerals on Deep Soil Carbon Stability and Persistence in Alaskan Permafrost.

Understanding the fate of organic carbon in thawed permafrost is crucial for predicting climate feedback. While minerals and microbial necromass are known to play crucial roles in the long-term stability of organic carbon in subsoils, their exact influence on carbon persistence in Arctic permafrost remains uncertain. Our study, combining radiocarbon dating and biomarker analyses, showed that soil organic carbon in Alaskan permafrost had millennial-scale radiocarbon ages and contained only 10%-15% microbial necromass carbon, significantly lower than the global average of ~30%-60%.

Biogeochemical process governing cadmium availability in sediments of typical coastal wetlands driven by drying-wetting alternation.

Fluctuations in water levels within coastal wetlands can significantly affect cadmium (Cd) cycling and behavior in sediments. Understanding the effects of drying-wetting cycles on Cd availability and binding mechanisms is crucial. However, information regarding this subject remains limited.

Global disease burden attributable to kidney dysfunction, 1990-2019: A health inequality and trend analysis based on the global burden of disease study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the burden of kidney dysfunction (KD), assess socioeconomic inequalities, and project trends in the future.

Methods: Data on deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) were from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Joinpoint regression model was utilized to analyze the temporal trend by the annual percentage change (APC).

Ultraviolet attenuates centromere-mediated meiotic genome stability and alters gametophytic ploidy consistency in flowering plants.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation influences development and genome stability in organisms; however, its impact on meiosis, a special cell division essential for the delivery of genetic information across generations in eukaryotes, has not yet been elucidated. In this study, by performing cytogenetic studies, we reported that UV radiation does not damage meiotic chromosome integrity but attenuates centromere-mediated chromosome stability and induces unreduced gametes in Arabidopsis thaliana. We showed that functional centromere-specific histone 3 (CENH3) is required for obligate crossover formation and plays a role in the protection of sister chromatid cohesion under UV stress.

Spike structures, receptor binding, and immune escape of recently circulating SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.86, JN.1, EG.5, EG.5.1, and HV.1 sub-variants.

The recently emerged BA.2.86, JN.

Quantitative Insights into Phosphate-Enhanced Lead Immobilization on Goethite.

Despite extensive study, geochemical modeling often fails to accurately predict lead (Pb) immobilization in environmental samples. This study employs the Charge Distribution MUlti-SIte Complexation (CD-MUSIC) model, X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), and density functional theory (DFT) to investigate mechanisms of phosphate (PO) induced Pb immobilization on metal (hydr)oxides. The results reveal that PO mainly enhances bidentate-adsorbed Pb on goethite via electrostatic synergy at low PO concentrations.

The Global Burden of Disease Attributable to Child and Maternal Malnutrition: 1990-2019.

Objective: With this study, we aimed to estimate the disease burden attributable to child and maternal malnutrition (CMM) throughout the world between 1990 and 2019.

Methods: The number, age-standardized rate, population attributable fraction of deaths, disability-adjusted life-years, years of life lost, and years lived with disability associated with CMM were estimated using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 by age, sex, year, location, and sociodemographic index at the global level. The slope index of inequality and concentration index were employed to measure socioeconomic-related health inequalities across countries.

Detection and Analysis of Genes Affecting the Number of Thoracic Vertebrae in Licha Black Pigs.

The number of thoracic vertebrae (NTV) in pigs is an important economic trait that significantly influences pork production. While the Licha black pig is a well-known Chinese pig breed with multiple thoracic vertebrae, the genetic mechanism is still unknown. Here, we performed a selective signal analysis on the genome of Licha black pigs, comparing individuals with 15 NTV versus those with 16 NTV to better understand functional genes associated with NTV.

Transformation of chlorobenzene by Mn(III) generated in MnO/organic acid systems.

Chlorobenzene (CB) is a prevalent organic contaminant in water and soil environments. It presents high chemical stability and is resistant to both oxidation and reduction. In this study, we showed that CB was substantially removed by soluble Mn(III) produced during the reductive dissolution of colloidal MnO by naturally-occurring organic acids such as formate (FOR), oxalate (OX), and citrate (CIT).

Doping Ability Modulated by Interlayer Coupling in AA' and AB Stacked Bilayer V-WS Grown with Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Doping in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) has received extensive attention for its prospect in the application of photoelectric devices. Currently researchers focus on the doping ability and doping distribution in monolayer TMD and have obtained a series of achievements. Bilayer TMD has more excellent properties compared with monolayer TMD.

Structural basis of increased binding affinities of spikes from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants to rabbit and hare ACE2s reveals the expanding host tendency.

The potential host range of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been expanding alongside its evolution during the pandemic, with rabbits and hares being considered important potential hosts, supported by a report of rabbit sero-prevalence in nature. We measured the binding affinities of rabbit and hare angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) with receptor-binding domains (RBDs) from SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and its variants and found that rabbit and hare ACE2s had broad variant tropism, with significantly enhanced affinities to Omicron BA.4/5 and its subsequent-emerged sub-variants (>10 fold).