Astrocyte inhibition and PV interneuron activation: key mechanisms in electroacupuncture's effect on pain-anxiety comorbidity.

Background: Evidence indicates that the interplay between pain and anxiety poses clinical challenges for the evaluation and management of chronic pain, yet effective therapies for these comorbidities are limited. This study aimed to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) on pain-anxiety comorbidities.

Methods: Mice injected with Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in the ipsilateral hind paw developed persistent inflammatory pain and anxiety-like behaviors, as assessed by the von Frey, open field, elevated plus maze, and novelty-suppressed feeding tests.

[Study on activation mechanism of SGCs in representation along the distribution of stomach meridian in IBS-D mice].

Objective: To explore the peripheral neural mechanism underlying representation along the distribution of stomach meridian induced by intestinal inflammatory reaction using diarrhea predominant-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) mice.

Methods: Among 62 healthy male C57BL/6 mice of clean grade, 12 mice were randomly selected and divided into a control group and a model group, 6 mice in each group, additionally, 12 mice were randomly selected and divided into a Tianshu group, a Liangqiu group and a Zusanli group, 4 mice in each group. In the model group, citrobacter was administered orally to establish IBS-D model.

Redox Additive Electrolytes for Supercapacitors: A Mini-Review on Recent Developments and Future Directions.

Supercapacitors are promising energy storage devices that combine high power density, fast charge/discharge rates, and excellent cycling stability. However, their relatively low energy density compared to batteries remains a major challenge. To address this limitation, redox additive electrolytes have emerged as a key strategy to introduce reversible Faradaic reactions, significantly enhancing the energy storage capacity of supercapacitors.

Impact of hypoxia on the hippocampus: A review.

Oxygen is the most abundant chemical substance and is a basic material for human activities. A decline in oxygen concentration affects many physiological processes in the body, leading to pathological changes and even the occurrence of diseases. Therefore, an increasing number of studies have focused on the pathological state of hypoxia.

A systematic review of the pain-related emotional and cognitive impairments in chronic inflammatory pain induced by CFA injection and its mechanism.

Emotional and cognitive impairments are comorbidities commonly associated with chronic inflammatory pain. To summarize the rules and mechanisms of comorbidities in a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced pain model, we conducted a systematic review of 66 experimental studies identified in a search of three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect). Anxiety-like behaviors developed at 1- or 3-days post-CFA induction but also appeared between 2- and 4 weeks post-induction.

Discovery of Novel Oxazolo[4,3-]purine Derivatives as Antitumor Agents through PPIA Interaction.

54 novel oxazolo [4,3-]purine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antitumor activity, among which compound exhibited potent activity against several cancer cell lines. Compound inhibited cell metastasis, arrested the cell cycle in the G/G phase, and induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that increased ROS levels and led to DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in HCT116 cells.

Structural Regulation and Performance Enhancement of Carbon-Based Supercapacitors: Insights into Electrode Material Engineering.

The development of carbon-based supercapacitors is pivotal for advancing high energy and power density applications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of structural regulation and performance enhancement strategies in carbon-based supercapacitors, focusing on electrode material engineering. Key areas explored include pore structure optimization, heteroatom doping, intrinsic defect engineering, and surface/interface modifications.

BMAL1 improves assisted reproductive technology outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by targeting BMP6 and regulating ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis.

Purpose: To investigate BMAL1 and BMP6 expressive differences in ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), explore regulatory relationship, assess their impacts on OGC proliferation and apoptosis, and analyze their correlations with ART outcomes of patients.

Methods: A clinical study selected 40 PCOS patients who underwent IVF/ICSI in our hospital from January to October 2022 and 39 controls with male or tubal factor infertility. RT-qPCR and Western blot assessed BMAL1 and BMP6 mRNA/protein levels.

Combining single-cell RNA sequencing and network pharmacology to explore the target of cangfu daotan decoction in the treatment of obese polycystic ovary syndrome from an immune perspective.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous gynecological endocrine disorder linked to immunity. Cangfu Daotan Decoction (CFDT), a classic Chinese medicine prescription, is particularly effective in treating PCOS, specifically in patients with obesity; however, its specific mechanism remains unclear.

Methods: Part 1: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected on egg retrieval day from obese and normal-weight patients with PCOS and healthy women undergoing fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer.

Inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex participate in the comorbidity of pain and emotion.

Pain is often comorbid with emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression. Hyperexcitability of the anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in pain and pain-related negative emotions that arise from impairments in inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid neurotransmission. This review primarily aims to outline the main circuitry (including the input and output connectivity) of the anterior cingulate cortex and classification and functions of different gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons; it also describes the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators affecting these neurons, their intercommunication with other neurons, and their importance in mental comorbidities associated with chronic pain disorders.

Research on FBG Tactile Sensing Shape Recognition Based on Convolutional Neural Network.

Shape recognition plays a significant role in the field of robot perception. In view of the low efficiency and few types of shape recognition of the fiber tactile sensor applied to flexible skin, a convolutional-neural-network-based FBG tactile sensing array shape recognition method was proposed. Firstly, a sensing array was fabricated using flexible resin and 3D printing technology.

Research on Convex Fiber Grating Tactile Sliding Sensor Based on Mechanical Fingers.

In order to solve the problem of flexible sliding tactile composite sensing in the actual grasp of intelligent robot fingers, this paper proposes a research on a convex fiber grating tactile sliding sensor based on mechanical fingers. Based on the sensing principle of fiber Bragg grating, 3D printing technology was used to encapsulate the FBG sensor array with elastic 50 A resin, a double-layer "hemispherical cuboid" distributed sensing unit was designed, and the FBG slippery tactile sensor was actually pasted on the surface of the mechanical finger for static and dynamic experiments. The experimental results show that the slippery tactile sensor designed in this paper has a good linear relationship with temperature and strain.

Newsights of endoplasmic reticulum in hypoxia.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is important to cells because of its essential functions, including synthesizing three major nutrients and ion transport. When cellular homeostasis is disrupted, ER quality control (ERQC) system is activated effectively to remove misfolded and unfolded proteins through ER-phagy, ER-related degradation (ERAD), and molecular chaperones. When unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER stress are activated, the cell may be suffering a huge blow, and the most probable consequence is apoptosis.

Research on Finger Pressure Tactile Sensor with Square Hole Structure Based on Fiber Bragg Grating.

Aiming at the problems of lateral force interference and non-uniform strain of robot fingers in the process of pressure tactile sensing, a flexible tactile sensor with a square hole structure based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the optimal embedding depth of the FBG in the sensor matrix model was determined by finite element simulation. Secondly, according to the size of the finger knuckle and the simulation analysis based on the pressure tactile sensor element for the robot finger, the square hole structure was designed, and the overall dimensions of the sensing element and size of the square hole were determined.

[Composition Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds and Associated Contributions to Secondary Pollution in Shenyang Industrial Area in Summer].

Based on the observation data of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the industrial area of Shenyang during the summer of 2019 and 2020, the composition characteristics and sources of VOCs were preliminarily studied. The ozone formation potential (OFP) and aerosol formation potential (AFP) of VOCs were also estimated using the max incremental reactivity (MIR) and aerosol formation coefficient (FAC) methods, respectively. The results showed that the average concentration of VOCs was 41.

Cangfu Daotan Wan alleviates polycystic ovary syndrome with phlegm-dampness syndrome via disruption of the PKP3/ERCC1/MAPK axis.

Background/aim: Cangfu Daotan Wan (CFDTW) has been widely used for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients in the type of stagnation of phlegm and dampness. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of CFDTW on PCOS with phlegm-dampness syndrome (PDS).

Methods: In silico analysis was adopted to identify CFDTW potential targets and the downstream pathways in the treatment of PCOS.

[Establishment and Spatial Distribution of S/IVOCs Emission Inventory in Jiangsu Province in 2019].

The semi-/intermediate volatile organic compound (S/IVOCs) emissions inventory of Jiangsu province was established in 2019 using the activity data of various S/IVOCs emission sources, emission factors, and an estimation method. S/IVOCs emissions for each source and city in Jiangsu province were analyzed. The total amount of S/IVOCs emissions in Jiangsu province in 2019 was 637.

Uncovering the origin of the anomalously high capacity of a 3d anode magnetometry.

Transition metals can deliver high lithium storage capacity, but the reason behind this remains elusive. Herein, the origin of this anomalous phenomenon is uncovered by magnetometry taking metallic Co as a model system. It is revealed that the lithium storage in metallic Co undergoes a two-stage mechanism involving a spin-polarized electron injection to the 3d orbital of Co and subsequent electron transfer to the surrounding solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at lower potentials.

By-Products of Zea mays L.: A Promising Source of Medicinal Properties with Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities: A Comprehensive Review.

Zea mays (Z. mays) is one of the main cereal crops in the world, and it's by-products have exhibited medicinal properties to explore. This article intends to review the chemical compositions and pharmacological activities of by-products of Z.

Can second language metaphorical competence be taught through instructional intervention? A meta-analysis.

Background: For a long time, the traditional view regarded metaphor as merely a rhetorical device that served to enrich linguistic expression. With the continuous development of cognitive linguistics, foreign language educators began to realize the vital role of metaphor in foreign language education.

Objectives: This study looked at how well pedagogical interventions improve metaphorical competence by looking at how well teachers teach metaphors.

Census of Twitter users: Scraping and describing the national network of South Korea.

Population-level national networks on social media are precious and essential for network science and behavioural science. This study collected a population-level Twitter network, based on both language and geolocation tags. We proposed a set of validation approaches to evaluate the validity of our datasets.

Design and Experimental Research of Robot Finger Sliding Tactile Sensor Based on FBG.

Aiming at the problem of flexible sliding tactile sensing for the actual grasp of intelligent robot fingers, a double-layer sliding tactile sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for robot fingers is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the optimal embedding depth range of FBG in the elastic matrix of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was determined through finite element analysis and static detection experiments of finger tactile sensing. Secondly, the sensor structure is optimized and designed through the simulation and dynamic experiments of sliding sensing to determine the final array structure.

Verniciflavanol A, a profisetinidin-type-4-arylflavan-3-ol from toxicodendron vernicifluum protects SH-SY5Y cells against H2O2-Induced oxidative stress.

Eleven undescribed derivatives of flavan, including flavan-3,4-diols vernicinosides A-H and profisetinidin-type-4-arylflavan-3-ols verniciflavanols A-C, together with eight known compounds were purified from the heartwood of Toxicodendron vernicifluum. The chemical structures of the undescribed compounds were characterized by spectroscopic data interpretation, including NMR (H and C NMR HSQC and HMBC) and HRESIMS analysis. CD data analysis was conducted to assign the absolute configurations of the undescribed compounds and the active compound verniciflavanol A was also confirmed by ECD experiment.

[Pollution Characteristics and Sources of Water-soluble Organic Nitrogen in PM in Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing].

The seasonal variation characteristics of water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in PM were analyzed in the Nanjing Jiangbei new area. The relationship between WSON and water-soluble inorganic nitrogen (WSIN) was also discussed. The results showed that the variation range of WSON in PM was 0.