Acid-Modified Biochar Derived from Agricultural Waste for Efficiently Capturing Low-Concentration Nitrous Oxide (NO): Mechanisms and Environmental Implications.

Low-concentration NO (≤5%) emissions from agricultural fields and waste treatment facilities in China reach 7.333 × 10 t annually, making them a significant but inadequately controlled contributor to global warming. Agricultural wastes were selected as precursors to prepare biochar, including pecan shell (SH), poplar sawdust (JM), wheat straw (XM), and corn straw (YM), which were subsequently acid-modified with 0.

Targeted neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles loaded with Sinomenine alleviate diabetic peripheral neuropathy via WNT5a/TRPV1 pathway modulation.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating complications of diabetes, marked by chronic neuroinflammation, immune dysregulation, and progressive neuronal degeneration. Current treatments offer limited efficacy, largely focusing on symptomatic relief rather than addressing the underlying disease mechanisms. There is a critical need for disease-modifying therapies that target the molecular basis of DPN.

Functional characteristics of fresh antitumor immune interferer GDF-15 in multiple cancers.

We designed our study with the aim of conducting a comprehensive analysis of the role that GDF-15 plays in pan-cancer. Multiple databases were used to obtain GDF-15 expression. XIANTAO Academic and Sangerbox were utilized to conduct the diagnostic significance of GDF-15 expression across pan-cancer.

Organoids and Organoids-on-Chip in Traditional Chinese Medicine Research: Applications, Advantages, and Future Prospects.

Modernizing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) requires preserving its foundational principles while integrating contemporary innovations and clarifying therapeutic methods. Organoids and organoids-on-chip technologies offer advanced models of human organs, and serve as an excellent platform for investigating TCM theories and complex herbal formulas. To systematically summarize recent progress in using organoids and organoids-on-chip in TCM research, and critically assess their technical advantages and future potential, relevant articles and information were sourced from scientific databases such as PubMed, SpringerLink, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and VIP.

Modeling Lipopolysaccharide-Elicited Inflammation Using 3D Mouse Gastric Organoids.

Colonization of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in stomach often causes gastritis, an inflammation of the stomach lining that is closely associated with serious conditions like ulcers and gastric cancer. Of the toxicity mechanisms, microbial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding to TLR4 receptor on the glandular cells activates the NF-κB pathway, inducing pro-inflammatory cytokine release and immune cell infiltration, which results in the tissue damage.

Exploring Esketamine's Therapeutic Role for Perinatal Depression via TASK-1 Tandem Pore Potassium Channels.

This research focuses on the promising use of esketamine in perinatal depression, a widespread disorder impacting postpartum women's mental health. Despite esketamine's known rapid antidepressant effects, its precise mechanisms are not fully understood. This study integrates clinical and preclinical approaches to explore esketamine's efficacy in treating perinatal depression and its actions associated with TASK-1 potassium channels.

Modulation of Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 1 by Caulis Sinomenii: A Novel Approach to Alleviating Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Through Apoptosis Inhibition and Anti-inflammatory Effects.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and debilitating complication of diabetes, characterized by neurodegeneration and chronic pain. This study investigates the potential of Caulis Sinomenii (CS), a traditional Chinese medicine, to alleviate DPN through the modulation of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1), microglial apoptosis, and inflammation. DPN was induced in mice using streptozotocin (STZ).

Role of circ_0012856 in modulating molecular pathways of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a common complication of diabetes mellitus, involves complex molecular pathways and the ceRNA regulatory network. Integration of diabetes-related circRNA datasets identified circ_0012856 as pivotal via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and support vector machine recursive feature elimination algorithms. Functional enrichment analyses elucidated its involvement in DPN pathogenesis.

Neutrophil-to-albumin ratio as a predictor of mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with a poor prognosis. The association between the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) with mortality in patients with ICH remains underexplored. This study investigated the relationship between the NAR and mortality in patients with ICH.

Breaking the trade-off between lithium purity and lithium recovery: A comprehensive mathematical modeling based on membrane structure-property-performance relationships.

The application of nanofiltration (NF) membranes for resource recovery, particularly lithium (Li) extraction from high magnesium (Mg) brines, is a rapidly growing research area. However, the trade-off between high Li purity and recovery remains challenging. In our study, we extend the widely adopted Donnan Steric Pore Model with Dielectric Exclusion (DSPM-DE) to analyze membrane structure-property-performance relationships at the process scale.

Akt-elicited phosphorylation of Acapin steers cell migration.

Cell migration requires the generation of branched actin networks and recruitment of vesicular membrane that power the protrusion of the plasma membrane in lamellipodia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying dynamic recruitment of vesicular membrane during cell migration remain elusive. Here, we report a critical mechanism underlying EGF-elicited Akt signaling-steered cell migration.

Mitochondria- and nucleus-targeted fluorescent probe for chemometrics-enhanced detection of cysteine.

The detection and imaging of cysteine (Cys) are vital for clinical applications, given its critical role as a biomarker in various diseases. In this study, a cationic fluorescent probe (probe T) was synthesized, featuring benzothiazole as a fluorescent group and acrylate as a Cys recognition site. Compared to other biothiols, probe T specifically detects Cys while targeting mitochondria and nuclei.

Simulation analysis of a photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensor based on a double-layer film structure and surface plasmon resonance technology.

A photonic crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor based on a double-layer membrane structure is designed and analyzed. In the simple sensing structure with only one air hole size, and Au layers with specific thicknesses are sequentially coated on the optical fiber to form a double-layer structure. The sensing characteristics of the double-layer membrane structure are studied by the finite element method.

Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Lipid Nanoparticle for Blocking Mitosis and Reducing Drug Resistance in NSCLC.

Blocking mitosis is a promising strategy to induce tumor cell death. However, AMPK- and PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis can maintain ATP supply and help tumor cells overcome antimitotic drugs. Inhibiting glycolysis provides an opportunity to decrease the resistance of tumor cells to antimitotic drugs.

Combined Phacoemulsification, Goniosynechialysis and Ab Interno Trabeculectomy in Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma: Long-term Results.

This research was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ab-interno trabeculectomy (Trabectome and Kahook Dual Blade) combined with phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and goniosynechialysis in eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma. A total of 47 patients were included in the study and all the patients received the combined surgery. Intraocular pressure, anti-glaucoma medications, best-corrected visual acuity, and the number of peripheral anterior synechiae quadrants were recorded at baseline and at various time points after surgery.

Metal-Organic Nanomaterials for Tumor Metabolic Blockade and Image to Increase Tumor Therapy.

The abnormal energy metabolism level of a tumor reduces the efficiency of chemotherapy. Metal-organic nanomaterials (MONs) with high drug loading efficiency, easy processes of synthesis, and controlled drug release have shown great potential in metabolic blocking and enhancement of tumor therapy. These metal-organic nanomedicines have been reported to modulate glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation to provide monotherapy or combined therapies in tumorous treatments.

Targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway with PNU120596 protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury.

Objectives: This study investigated the potential therapeutic benefits of PNU120596, a positive allosteric modulator of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), in mitigating acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a mouse model. Specifically, we sought to examine the impact of PNU120596 on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the context of ALI.

Methods: ALI was induced in mice by LPS administration, and the protective effects of PNU120596 were assessed.

Multifunctional nanofibrous scaffolds for enhancing full-thickness wound healing loaded with Bletilla striata polysaccharides.

The considerable challenge of wound healing remains. In this study, we fabricated a novel multifunctional core-shell nanofibrous scaffold named EGF@BSP-CeO/PLGA (EBCP), which is composed of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP), Ceria nanozyme (CeO) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) as the core and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as the shell via an emulsion electrospinning technique. An increase in the BSP content within the scaffolds corresponded to improved wound healing performance.

ZW10: an emerging orchestrator of organelle dynamics during the cell division cycle.

Zeste white 10 (ZW10) was first identified as a centromere/kinetochore protein encoded by the ZW10 gene in Drosophila. ZW10 guides the spindle assembly checkpoint signaling during mitotic chromosome segregation in metazoans. Recent studies have shown that ZW10 is also involved in membrane-bound organelle interactions during interphase and plays a vital role in membrane transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.

MicroRNA-10 Family Promotes Renal Fibrosis through the VASH-1/Smad3 Pathway.

Renal fibrosis (RF) stands as a pivotal pathological process in the advanced stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and impeding its progression is paramount for delaying the advancement of CKD. The miR-10 family, inclusive of miR-10a and miR-10b, has been implicated in the development of various fibrotic diseases. Nevertheless, the precise role of miR-10 in the development of RF remains enigmatic.

Label-free active single-cell encapsulation enabled by microvalve-based on-demand droplet generation and real-time image processing.

Droplet microfluidics-based single-cell encapsulation is a critical technology that enables large-scale parallel single-cell analysis by capturing and processing thousands of individual cells. As the efficiency of passive single-cell encapsulation is limited by Poisson distribution, active single-cell encapsulation has been developed to theoretically ensure that each droplet contains one cell. However, existing active single-cell encapsulation technologies still face issues related to fluorescence labeling and low throughput.

Aurora-A condensation mediated by BuGZ aids its mitotic centrosome functions.

Centrosomes composed of centrioles and the pericentriolar material (PCM), serve as the platform for microtubule polymerization during mitosis. Despite some centriole and PCM proteins have been reported to utilize liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to perform their mitotic functions, whether and how centrosomal kinases exert the coacervation in mitosis is still unknown. Here we reveal that Aurora-A, one key centrosomal kinase in regulating centrosome formation and functions, undergoes phase separation or in centrosomes from prophase, mediated by the conserved positive-charged residues inside its intrinsic disordered region (IDR) and the intramolecular interaction between its N- and C-terminus.

Amygdala-Targeted Relief of Neuropathic Pain: Efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in NLRP3 Pathway Suppression.

This study investigates the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a nonpharmacological approach to treating neuropathic pain (NP), a major challenge in clinical research. Conducted on male Sprague-Dawley rats with NP induced through chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve, the research assessed pain behaviors and the impact of rTMS on molecular interactions within the amygdala. Through a comprehensive analysis involving Mechanical Withdrawal Threshold (MWT), Thermal Withdrawal Latency (TWL), RNA transcriptome sequencing, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), the study focused on the expression and interaction of integrin αvβ3 and its receptor P2X7R.