Multiple Cutaneous Adverse Reactions Secondary to Nivolumab Therapy in an Elderly Male.

Nivolumab is a human IgG4, PD-1 inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma. We hereby report a patient of metastatic melanoma who developed multiple cutaneous side effects, including Sweet's syndrome, lichenoid eruption, and vitiligo-like depigmentation after initiation of the nivolumab therapy. He first started developing vitiligo-like depigmentation over the lips, which appeared after five months.

Circumferential Eschar-Covered Necrotic Leg Ulcers in a Case of Granulomatous Vasculitis: Looking Beyond ANCA Serology.

Cutaneous vasculitis, either as a single organ or part of systemic vasculitis, can take various forms. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation in the respiratory tract and vasculitis affecting small- to medium-sized blood vessels. Skin-limited GPA, an uncommon presentation, poses diagnostic challenges and may result in delayed diagnosis.

Clinical and dermoscopic profile of non-venereal genital dermatoses and its impact on the quality of life: A cross-sectional study of 550 cases.

Background Non-venereal genital dermatoses cover a broad spectrum of conditions with varying aetiologies and can be confused with venereal disorders. This may cause significant anxiety to the patient as well as diagnostic difficulties for the clinician. Objective The purpose was to study the clinico-epidemiological pattern of non-venereal genital dermatoses along with their dermoscopic features and to assess their impact on the quality of life.

Clear Cell Meningioma with Tyrosine Crystals: a Case Report with Review of Literature.

Introduction Or Background: Clear cell meningioma is a rare WHO grade 2 tumour and runs an aggressive course. Tyrosine crystals are very uncommon in meningioma.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a 43-year female with right middle and posterior cranial fossa space occupying lesion (SOL) diagnosed as clear cell meningioma with presence of numerous tyrosine crystals.

A rare presentation of recurrent chondroblastoma of scapula, acromion and lateral end of clavicle.

About 1% of primary bone tumours are chondroblastoma, which develop from secondary ossification centers of long bones, preferably. The scapula, clavicle, and acromion are the rarest sites for this tumour. The recurrence rate is 14-18%, depending on the site of origin.

F-18 FDG PET/CT in staging and response assessment of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (leg type).

Primary cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma-leg type (PCDLBCL-LT) is a rare subtype of cutaneous lymphomas, with high frequency of extra-cutaneous relapse and poor prognosis. We report a case of 70-year-old lady who was diagnosed with PCDLBCL-LT on biopsy and underwent a baseline F-18 FDG PET/CT, followed by interim and post-treatment PET/CTs. With this case report, we highlight the findings of F-18 FDG PET/CT in the staging of this cutaneous lymphoma, and also emphasize on its role in the response assessment.

Pelvic Synovial Sarcoma Clinically Masquerading as an Ovarian Malignancy.

Synovial sarcoma, a malignant mesenchymal tumor, commonly involves the extremities and is rarely found in the pelvis. Cytology with a biphasic pattern can suggest the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma. A 32-year-old female presented with complaints of abdominal distension.

Necrotizing granulomatous inflammation mimicking skeletal metastasis: a possible differential diagnosis.

Tuberculosis is an endemic disease in India for decades, and its coexistence in the patients with malignancy cannot be ignored. The non-specific uptake of 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro-D-glucose in active infection and malignancy can affect the diagnosis and management of patients. However, characteristic anatomical features of the lesion aid not only in its localization but also in diagnosis.

Crosstalk Between Programmed Death Ligand 1, Ki-67 Labelling Index, and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Invasive Breast Cancer and Clinicopathological Correlations in a Tertiary Care Center in Western India.

Background & Objective: Breast cancer is the leading cancer among Indian women and accounts for about 25% of all cancer cases worldwide. The present study aimed to assess Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in tumoral cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and evaluate their correlations with the Ki-67 labelling index in invasive breast carcinomas (IBC).

Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted during 2016-2018 and included all diagnosed cases of IBC.

Risk Stratification of Pleural Fluid Cytology Based on the International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology in a Tertiary Care Centre.

Background: The International Academy of Cytology and the American Society of Cytopathology proposed the international system for reporting serous fluid cytology (TISRSFC) in 2019 to form uniform reporting terminologies for fluid cytology. This system defines a spectrum of diagnostic categories to be used in daily clinical practice. Fluid cytology is a widely accepted, cost-effective, minimally invasive earliest diagnostic method for the investigation that aids management decisions.

Atypical presentations of fungal osteomyelitis during post COVID-19 outbreak - Case series.

Introduction: Mucormycosis and Aspergillosis are opportunistic fungal infections causing significant morbidity and mortality. Post the outbreak of COVID-19, these fungal osteomyelitis have seen a global rise with few atypical presentations noted.

Case Report: Current case series reports three such atypical presentations of fungal osteomyelitis including mandibular fungal osteomyelitis in two patients, fungal osteomyelitis mimicking space infection in a middle aged male, and suspected mixed fungal osteomyelitis involving maxillary sinus.

Gout in Primary Hyperparathyroidism, Connecting Crystals to the Minerals.

Musculoskeletal manifestations in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) range from 13% to 93% encompassing pseudogout, vertebral fracture, myopathy, and cord compression. Though pseudogout has been the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition in PHPT, rarely reports of acute gouty attacks in large joints including the knee have been reported in the literature. Here we detail a unique case of PHPT presenting with acute severe bilateral knee joint inflammatory arthritis accompanied by occasional abdominal pain.

Cervical Thymic Cyst with parathyroid tissue - a diagnostic conundrum.

Cervical thymic cysts are relatively rare benign cystic lesions that tend to be diagnosed clinically as branchial cysts, which usually present as painless, enlarging neck masses. They can occur anywhere along the normal path of descent of thymic primordia from the angle of the mandible to the sternal notch, with mediastinal extension observed in approximately 50% of cases. They are usually seen in the first decade of life on the left side with a male predominance.

Cytological Diagnosis of Ocular Metastasis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cervix.

Ocular metastasis is considered a rare phenomenon. Metastatic spread of tumors in the eyeball is usually discovered only when it affects the visual acuity. In women, breast tumors are to known metastasize in and around the eyeball.

Risk Stratification of Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Specimens Performed without Radiologic Guidance by Application of the International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytopathology.

Background And Objective: The International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama system for reporting breast fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytopathology has been proposed to standardize breast FNAB reporting. The aim of this study was to categorize breast FNAB cases performed by palpation without radiological guidance according to the IAC system, establish the risk of malignancy (ROM) for the categories and assess the system's utility, pitfalls, and implications in low-resource/financial constraint settings.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of palpation-guided FNAB of breast lesions performed without radiological guidance between January 2016 and December 2019 was carried out and was correlated with follow-up biopsies wherever available.

An Unusual Nodular Tumour of the Penile Shaft with Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Correlation.

Granular cell tumours are uncommon acquired benign tumours of nerve sheath origin that are usually seen in the head and neck region and upper aero-digestive tract. They usually present as solitary small sized nodules in middle age. The tumour is usually benign and composed of sheets of large sized cells with abundant granular cytoplasm containing lysosomal macro-inclusions known as pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milian (POB) that represent the heterogeneity of the lysosomes.

Endobronchial pulmonary blastoma - an unusual presentation of a rare lung malignancy and review of literature.

Biphasic pulmonary blastoma (BPB) is an extremely rare highly aggressive malignant tumor that arises from fetal lung tissue and has the classical biphasic histology of epithelial and mesenchymal components. It is usually seen in adults with a slight male predominance and smokers. Previously grouped along with well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA), and pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), now it is considered a separate variant and grouped under sarcomatoid neoplasms.