Regional mapping of natural gas compressor stations in the United States and Canada using deep learning on satellite imagery.

A comprehensive, open-access database of oil and gas infrastructure locations is necessary for accurately attributing emissions from satellites and managing pollution impacts on surrounding communities. However, open-access datasets are limited for many infrastructure types, including natural gas compressor stations, which account for approximately one-third of U.S.

Fluorescence quantitative assessment of blood perfusion in the gastric conduit to reduce anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Indocyanine green (ICG) can help surgeons identify the blood perfusion distribution of the gastric conduit. The aim of our study is to utilize ICG fluorescence for quantitative assessment of blood perfusion at the anastomotic site to minimize postoperative anastomotic leakage.

Methods: Patients who underwent McKeown esophagectomy with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma between August 1, 2019, and July 31, 2021, were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to two groups.

Patient-reported outcomes of the prognostic nutritional index for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) involves both the nutritional status and immune function as crucial factors linked to the prognosis of various gastrointestinal cancers. The relationship between the PNI and postoperative quality of life (QOL) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) has not been examined. This study sought to examine the effects of the PNI on the postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Cities as hotspots of compound heat and fine particulate matter pollution: A 23-year urban-rural comparison across the United States.

Heat stress and fine particulate matter (PM) pollution are major stressors that threaten public health and environmental quality. When heat waves and PM pollution episodes co-occur as compound events, their impacts intensify, often leading to increased mortality and morbidity. This study provides a 23-year (2000-2022) analysis of heat waves, PM pollution episodes, and their compound occurrences during the warm season across urban and surrounding rural areas of the contiguous U.

Integrative analysis of thiamethoxam induced hepatocellular carcinoma toxicity mechanisms.

Neonicotinoid (NEO) pesticides play a crucial role in agricultural production. However, their potential risks to human health and the environment cannot be overlooked. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the toxicity and mode of action of NEOs, thiamethoxam (THX), which exhibits the highest potential for carcinogenicity and hepatotoxicity, was selected as the subject of this study.

Assisting and accelerating NMR assignment with restrained structure prediction.

Accurate dynamic protein structures are essential for drug design. NMR experiments can detect protein structures and potential dynamics, but the spectrum assignment and structure determination requires expertise and is time-consuming, while deep-learning-based structure predictions may be inconsistent with experimental observations. A symbiosis between experiments and AI methods is therefore essential for solving such problems.

Comparison of recurrence patterns between patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: To compare the recurrence patterns and survival outcomes between patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (ACRT).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 267 patients with locally advanced ESCC who received treatment at Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute (Chengdu, China) between January 2018 and December 2020. Based on different treatment protocols, the patients were divided into two groups: NCRT (n=181) and ACRT (n=86).

Wood-Derived Ionic Conductive Cellulose for Transparent and Flexible Methamphetamine Analog Sensors.

Developing covert, convenient, rapid, and cost-effective detection methods for trace amounts of addictive drugs poses a challenging task. Herein, wood-derived ionic conductive cellulose (WICC) is presented as a sensitive material, where active metal cations serve as charge carriers and effective adsorption/binding sites for a typical analog of the addictive drug -methylphenethylamine (MPEA). The addition of Cu ions improves the sensing performance of WICC, and the simple drop-coating process will facilitate the fabrication of the device array and the integration with flexible substrates.

The role of multiparametric MRI-based VI-RADS in predicting the need for a second TURB.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the value of Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI‑RADS) prior to initial transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) in predicting residual tumor at second TURB and subsequent prognosis of patients.

Methods: We enrolled suspected bladder cancer patients and scheduled multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of bladder for them before initial TURB. Second TURB were conducted based on initial resection reports, with comparisons made between patients with VI-RADS scores <3 and ≥3 regarding residual tumor rate, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Enhancing Climate-Driven Urban Tree Cooling with Targeted Nonclimatic Interventions.

Urban trees play a pivotal role in mitigating heat, yet the global determinants and patterns of their cooling efficiency (CE) remain elusive. Here, we quantify the diel CE of 229 cities across four climatic zones and employ a machine-learning model to assess the influence of variables on CE. We found that for every 10% increase in tree cover, surface temperatures are reduced by 0.

A 3.584 Tbps coherent receiver chip on InP-LiNbO wafer-level integration platform.

The rapid advancement of the thin-film lithium niobate (LiNbO) platform has established it as a premier choice for high-performance photonics integrated circuits. However, the scalability and cost-efficiency of this platform are hindered by the reliance on chip-level fabrication and integration for passive and active components, necessitating a robust wafer-level LiNbO heterogeneous integration platform. Despite its critical role in enabling ultrahigh-speed optical interconnects, as well as optical mmWave/THz sensing and communication, the realization of ultrahigh-speed photodiodes and optical coherent receivers on the LiNbO₃ platform remains an unresolved challenge.

Global research trends of tumor microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation: a bibliometric analysis from 2014 to 2023.

Purpose: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, and about half of the patients had mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Changes in the tumor microenvironment after EGFR mutation are closely related to tumor progression and treatment efficacy.

Materials And Methods: We searched the Web of Science Core Collection database to select the articles related to tumor microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation.

The impact of the lactate-to-albumin ratio on long-term mortality risk in patients with severe heart failure and type 2 diabetes.

Background: Heart failure (HF) combined with diabetes is highly prevalent and is associated with more severe left ventricular dysfunction and a higher mortality rate. Early prediction of prognosis in such patients is crucial. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) and outcomes in critically ill patients diagnosed with HF and diabetes.

Case report and literature review: clinical manifestations and treatment of human RelA deficiency.

RelA deficiency resulting from mutations in the human gene is a recently identified inborn errors of immunity (IEI). The gene encodes the RelA (p65) protein, one of the five transcription factors of the NF-κB family, which plays a critical role in the regulation of transcriptional programs essential for the development and maintenance of the immune system, skeletal system, and epithelial tissues. RelA deficiency is classified as RelA haploinsufficiency and RelA dominant-negative.

Long-term survival outcomes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with intraoperative thoracic duct ligation: a large-scale propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Esophagectomy is the primary treatment for localized esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Intraoperative thoracic duct ligation (TDL) has been suggested as an adjunct to reduce the risk of postoperative chylothorax in patients with ESCC, but its effect on long-term oncologic outcomes remains uncertain.

Methods: Data from the Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute Esophageal Cancer Case Management Database were analyzed for patients treated between 2010 and 2017.

Research Trends of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Background: This study seeks to identify research trends and hotspots concerning tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for the treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.

Methods: Publications on TKIs and EGFR-mutated NSCLC from 2006 to 2024 were analyzed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R-bibliometrix to visualize collaboration, keyword co-occurrences, and research trends.

Results: A total of 962 articles were analyzed, authored by 7,458 researchers from 5,401 institutions across 208 countries.

Personalizing AI tools for second language speaking: the role of gender and autistic traits.

Introduction: It is important to consider individual differences in research on educational technology. This study investigates the interplay between autistic traits, gender, and the perception of artificial intelligence (AI) tools designed for second language (L2) speaking practice, contributing to a deeper understanding of inclusive educational technology.

Methods: A sample of 111 university students completed the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ) to measure autistic traits (AU) and their sub-traits Aloof (AF), Rigid (RD), and Pragmatic Language (PL).

Rostral ventromedial medulla astrocytes regulate chronic itch and anxiety-related behaviors.

Itch (pruritus), a maladaptive and debilitating cutaneous symptom, is commonly associated with many skin conditions; however, the available therapies with sufficient efficacy are lacking. The role of astrocytes in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), a crucial brain region in the descending pain modulation system, in chronic itch remains uncertain. In this study, we examined the chronic itch behavior and itch-related anxiety behavior in the diphenylcyclopripenone (DCP)-induced contact dermatitis mice, and also observed the activation of astrocytes in the RVM in the DCP mice.

Targeted inhibition of menin promotes β-catenin-mediated GLP-1 expression and improves glucose tolerance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), derived from enteroendocrine cells, is a pivotal hormone crucial for blood glucose regulation. Menin, encoded by the MEN1 gene and known for its tumor suppressor role, is abundantly expressed in the intestine. Previous research has demonstrated that acute Men1 excision reverses preexisting glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-fed mice.

Effect of probiotics combined with immune checkpoint suppressors and chemotherapeutic agents on digestive system function, intestinal immunity and prognosis in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma: a quasi-experimental study.

Objective: An exploration of the influence of probiotics combined with immune checkpoint suppressors and chemotherapeutic agents on digestive system function, intestinal immunity and prognosis in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. During March 2019 to March 2020, 96 patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma were arbitrarily classified into control group (n = 48) and intervention group (n = 48).

A Lateral Line Specific Mucin Involved in Cupula Growth and Vibration Detection in Zebrafish.

The lateral line system in fish is crucial for detecting water flow, which facilitates various behaviors such as prey detection, predator avoidance, and rheotaxis. The cupula, a gelatinous structure overlaying the hair cells in neuromasts, plays a key role in transmitting mechanical stimuli to hair cells. However, the molecular composition of the cupula matrix remains poorly understood.

Impact of urban trees on carbon dioxide exchange: Mechanistic pathways, environmental controls, and feedback.

The increase of carbon dioxide (CO) concentration in the atmosphere is held responsible for global climate changes. To meet the objective of achieving carbon neutrality and keeping global warming in check, many cities, as hotspots of CO emissions, have been promoting the use of urban greenery, urban trees in particular, to mitigate carbon emissions from the built environment. However, there remain large uncertainty and divergence of the potential of urban trees for carbon mitigation, with the underlying mechanisms poorly understood.

miR-210 loss leads to widespread phenotypic and gene expression changes in human 293T cells.

Introduction: Hypoxia responses are critical for myriad physiological and pathological processes, such as development, tissue repair, would healing, and tumorigenesis. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that exert their functions by inhibiting the expression of their target genes, and miR-210 is the miRNA universally and most conspicuously upregulated by hypoxia in mammalian systems. For its relationship to hypoxia, miR-210 has been studied extensively, yet no consensus exists on the roles and mechanisms of miR-210 in human physiological processes or diseases, and we know little about genuine miR-210 target genes in humans.

Development and validation of a predictive model for overall survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma post-esophagectomy: the role of lymph node metastatic stations.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) poses a substantial healthcare challenge, particularly in areas such as East Asia. The pathologic nodal (pN) stage of ESCC remains a controversial factor. Accurately predicting overall survival (OS) after esophagectomy is crucial for treatment planning and improving treatment outcomes.

Hyperoside ameliorates neuropathic pain by modulating the astroglial reactivity in the vlPAG.

Hyperoside, a natural flavonoid, exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including analgesic effects on acute and chronic inflammatory pain. This study illustrates that repeated intraperitoneal administration or microinjection of hyperoside into the ventrolateral periaqueductal grey (vlPAG) alleviated mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia, and abnormal gait induced by spared nerve injury (SNI) in male mice. Furthermore, repeated hyperoside administration suppressed SNI-induced astrocyte reactivity in the vlPAG.