Sentence-resampled BERT-CRF model for autonomous vehicle crash causality analysis from large-scale accident narrative text data.

As autonomous vehicles (AVs) have been increasingly used, exploring crash causality mechanisms is critical to improving traffic safety related to AVs use. However, existing studies have primarily employed structured data to analyze such causality, while limited efforts have been made to identify causality from unstructured crash narratives, which are featured by data imbalance and small sample sizes. Original crash narratives contain a wealth of latent information about AV crashes that can further the understanding of AV safety.

F-Doped CoFe Bimetallic Heterostructure Electrocatalyst with Ultra-Low Impedance for High-Current-Density Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution.

The electrolysis of water for hydrogen production has gained increasing attention as a sustainable and efficient method to obtain high-purity green hydrogen. The development of efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution is crucial in order to achieve this target under industrial conditions. The objective of this work is to synthesize a highly efficient F-CoFe(PO)/IF catalyst with ultra-low impedance for hydrogen evolution in electrolytic water by incorporating metal phosphatides into metal oxide nanoclusters through a controlled two-step process involving melting and electrodeposition.

Molecular mechanisms of deer antler in promoting osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells via JUN modulation.

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine and food deer antler has been extensively used in bone regeneration, but its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Preliminary investigations suggest deer antler contains bioactive compounds that influence osteogenic differentiation and immune microenvironments.

Purpose: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of deer antler in promoting human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) osteogenic differentiation, focusing on JUN downregulation and immune microenvironment modulation using bioinformatics and molecular docking approaches.

Toll-like receptor engaged in activation and osteoimmuno-cytokines production by unswitched memory B cells during periodontitis.

Previous research has established that memory B cells contribute to osteoclastogenesis by producing RANKL. However, the phenotypic and functional alterations of switched (CD27 + IgD-) and unswitched (CD27 + IgD +) memory B cells during periodontitis were not fully understood. This study aims to elucidate the specific role of unswitched memory B cells in periodontitis.

Enhanced migration and adhesion protein expression by polyethylene glycol 4-modified SVVYGLR peptide in an in vitro human gingival fibroblast wound healing model.

Introduction: This study was aimed at exploring the effect of four units of polyethylene glycol (PEG4)-modified Ser-Val-Val-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg (SVVYGLR) peptide (SV peptide) on the proliferative potential and migrative capability of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and the activation of adhesion-related proteins.

Material And Methods: PEG4-SV peptide was synthesised using peptide solid phase synthesis. The proliferative response of HGFs to varying concentrations of PEG4-SV peptide was quantitatively evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.

Development and validation of a radiomics model using plain radiographs to predict spine fractures with posterior wall injury.

Purpose: When spine fractures involve posterior wall damage, they pose a heightened risk of instability, consequently influencing treatment strategies. To enhance early diagnosis and refine treatment planning for these fractures, we implemented a radiomics analysis using deep learning techniques, based on both anteroposterior and lateral plain X-ray images.

Methods: Retrospective data were collected for 130 patients with spine fractures who underwent anteroposterior and lateral imaging at two centers (Center 1, training cohort; Center 2, validation cohort) between January 2010 and June 2024.

ATF4 participates in perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced neurotoxicity by regulating ferroptosis.

Evidence from animal and human research suggests that perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a prevalent persistent organic pollutant (POP), exerts neurotoxic effects, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Additionally, the function of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a crucial modulator of cellular metabolism, redox balance, and survival, in PFOS-induced neurotoxicity has not been fully elucidated. In vitro metabolomics studies revealed that PFOS elevated the intracellular concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lowered the levels of reduced L-glutathione (GSH).

Radiomics analysis based on plain X-rays to detect spinal fractures with posterior wall injury.

Purpose: Spinal fractures, particularly those involving posterior wall injury, pose a heightened risk of instability and significantly influence treatment strategies. This study aimed to improve early diagnosis and treatment planning for spinal fractures through radiomics analysis based on plain X-ray imaging.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed plain X-rays of patients with spinal fractures at the thoracolumbar junction.

Superlubricity Microcapsules.

Superlubricity, a lubricating state in which the coefficient of friction (COF) is smaller than 0.01, has been achieved at the macroscale in a variety of aqueous solutions and oils, as well as two-dimensional (2D) and carbon materials; nevertheless, it has been rarely realized with polymer composites. In the present work, macroscale superlubricity was achieved with a polymer composite on the basis of the microcapsule technique, which is an effective self-lubricating method for composites by releasing lubricants on demand.

IHCH9033, a novel class I HDAC inhibitor, synergizes with FLT3 inhibitor and rescues quizartinib resistance in FLT3-ITD AML via enhancing DNA damage response.

Background: Despite initial success with FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3is), outcomes for FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients remain unsatisfactory, underscoring the need for more effective treatment options. Epigenetic modifications, such as histone acetylation, contribute to AML's onset and persistence, advocating the potential for epigenetic therapies. However, the poor specificity of pan-histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) leads to undesirable adverse effects, prompting the need for isoform-specific HDACis.

[Preliminary exploration of multi-omics data fusion methods for high-dimensional small-sample datasets in traditional Chinese medicine].

With the advancement in big data and artificial intelligence technologies, the extensive application of omics technologies in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) research has generated large experimental datasets, enabling the exploration of cross-scale correlations among massive data and thereby resulting in the shift toward a data-intensive research paradigm. The emerging approach of multi-omics data fusion analysis, emphasizing technical and computational tools, presents a potential breakthrough in this field. The holistic perspective of TCM aligns with the concept of multi-omics data fusion, yet the data types encountered exhibit high dimensionality with small sample sizes, necessitating data processing techniques such as dimensionality reduction.

Concurrent inhibition of p300/CBP and FLT3 enhances cytotoxicity and overcomes resistance in acute myeloid leukemia.

FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3), a class 3 receptor tyrosine kinase, can be activated by mutations of internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) or point mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain (FLT3-TKD), leading to constitutive activation of downstream signaling cascades, including the JAK/STAT5, PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/MAPK pathways, which promote the progression of leukemic cells. Despite the initial promise of FLT3 inhibitors, the discouraging outcomes in the treatment of FLT3-ITD-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) promote the pursuit of more potent and enduring therapeutic approaches. The histone acetyltransferase complex comprising the E1A binding protein P300 and its paralog CREB-binding protein (p300/CBP) is a promising therapeutic target, but the development of effective p300/CBP inhibitors faces challenges due to inherent resistance and low efficacy, often exacerbated by the absence of reliable clinical biomarkers for patient stratification.

Strategy To Enhance Interfacial Properties: Preparation of Porous Polytetrafluoroethylene Fibers and the Adsorption of Initiators/Curing Agents.

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers exhibit high inertness and demonstrate limited interfacial bonding capabilities with other materials. To overcome this limitation, PTFE@ZnO fibers were developed by depositing the porous ZnO layer onto PTFE fibers via a hydrothermal reaction, and porous fibers were adsorbed curing agents or initiators. The interfacial shear strength (ILSS) of the composites demonstrated a significant improvement, particularly in the case of composites containing PTFE/initiator fibers, where the ILSS increased by 104.

Syn-COM: A Multi-Level Predictive Synergy Framework for Innovative Drug Combinations.

Drug prediction and treatment using bioinformatics and large-scale modeling have emerged as pivotal research areas. This study proposes a novel multi-level collaboration framework named Syn-COM for feature extraction and data integration of diseases and drugs. The framework aims to explore optimal drug combinations and interactions by integrating molecular virtuality, similarity clustering, overlap area, and network distance.

Unraveling the CDK9/PP2A/ERK Network in Transcriptional Pause Release and Complement Activation in KRAS-mutant Cancers.

Selective inhibition of the transcription elongation factor (P-TEFb) complex represents a promising approach in cancer therapy, yet CDK9 inhibitors (CDK9i) are currently limited primarily to certain hematological malignancies. Herein, while initial responses to CDK9-targeted therapies are observed in vitro across various KRAS-mutant cancer types, their efficacy is far from satisfactory in nude mouse xenograft models. Mechanistically, CDK9 inhibition leads to compensatory activation of ERK-MYC signaling, accompanied by the recovery of proto-oncogenes, upregulation of immediate early genes (IEGs), stimulation of the complement C1r-C3-C3a cascade, and induction of tumor immunosuppression.

Efficacy of FERscore in predicting sensitivity to ferroptosis inducers in breast cancer.

Recent studies have highlighted the potential of ferroptosis in treating breast cancer. However, the efficacy of ferroptosis induction in the most common subtype, estrogen receptor-positive (ER + ) breast cancer, remains inadequately explored. This study unveils that both short-term and long-term treatment with ER-targeted endocrine agents sensitizes ER+ breast cancer cells to ferroptosis inducers, particularly the GPX4 inhibitor, revealing a non-mutational sensitization mechanism.

An injectable and coagulation-independent Tetra-PEG hydrogel bioadhesive for post-extraction hemostasis and alveolar bone regeneration.

Effective control of post-extraction hemorrhage and alveolar bone resorption is critical for successful extraction socket treatment, which remains an unmet clinical challenge. Herein, an injectable Tetra-PEG hydrogel that possesses rapid gelation, firm tissue adhesion, high mechanical strength, suitable degradability, and excellent biocompatibility is developed as a sutureless and coagulation-independent bioadhesive for the management of extraction sockets. Our results demonstrate that the rapid and robust adhesive sealing of the extraction socket by the Tetra-PEG hydrogel can provide reliable protection for the underlying wound and stabilize blood clots to facilitate tissue healing.

Engineering the electronic structure of sub-nanometric Ru clusters Pt single-atom modification for highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Developing electrocatalysts with high activity toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a prerequisite for hydrogen fuel generation and sustainable development, but current Pt-based catalysts usually suffer from high cost and unsatisfactory performance in non-acidic media. In this work, we report an environmentally friendly and pyrolysis-free synthesis strategy to prepare an efficient catalyst, CNT-NPA-PtRu, with Pt single-atom engineered sub-nanometric Ru clusters anchored at phytic acid-modified carbon nanotubes for electrochemical HER at all pH conditions. The electronic structure of active sub-nanometric Ru clusters was optimized, which further enhanced the HER activity.

Dynamic causes contribute to the increasing trend of red tides in the east China sea during 2020-2022.

Red tide is a marine phenomenon caused by the excessive growth of microscopic algae in the ocean. This study aims to analyze the development trends of red tides in the past 20 years and the dynamic external causes that induce red tides based on existing satellite remote sensing and numerical simulation data. And the changes in dominant species of red tides in different seasons are analyzed.

Enhanced Electrochemical Catalysis: Hydrogen Evolution Using Bimetallic Sulfides on Nickel Foam.

Hydrogen is considered clean energy with broad application prospects for the 21st century, and water electrolysis plays a crucial role in hydrogen production. However, economic limitations and large overpotential values hinder its development. In this study, we deposited nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and sulfur (S) onto nickel foam (NF) using the constant potential method to form the Ni-S-Fe/NF catalyst, which exhibited an exceptionally low overpotential (31 mV) at a current density of -10 mA cm, and a Tafel slope of 75.

From sky to road: Incorporating the satellite imagery into analysis of freight truck-related crash factors.

Freight truck-related crashes in urban contexts have caused significant economic losses and casualties, making it increasingly essential to understand the spatial patterns of such crashes. Limitations regarding data availability have greatly undermined the generalizability and applicability of certain prior research findings. This study explores the potential of emerging geospatial data to delve deeply into the determinants of these incidents with a more generalizable research design.

Effect of injectable calcium alginate-amelogenin hydrogel on macrophage polarization and promotion of jawbone osteogenesis.

Due to persistent inflammation and limited osteogenesis, jawbone defects present a considerable challenge in regenerative medicine. Amelogenin, a major protein constituent of the developing enamel matrix, demonstrates promising capabilities in inducing regeneration of periodontal supporting tissues and exerting immunomodulatory effects. These properties render it a potential therapeutic agent for enhancing jawbone osteogenesis.

Targeting ST8SIA6-AS1 counteracts KRAS inhibitor resistance through abolishing the reciprocal activation of PLK1/c-Myc signaling.

Background: KRAS inhibitors (KRASi) AMG510 and MRTX849 have shown promising efficacy in clinical trials and been approved for the treatment of KRAS-mutant cancers. However, the emergence of therapy-related drug resistance limits their long-term potential. This study aimed to identify the critical mediators and develop overcoming strategies.