Fucoidan-driven Bacteroides xylanisolvens HS-1 alleviates hyperuricemia by promoting intestinal uric acid excretion via the PPARγ/ABCG2 signaling pathway.

The rising prevalence of hyperuricemia and associated complications present a substantial global health challenge. Fucoidan, a natural sulfate-rich polysaccharide degraded by gut microbiota, is under investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for reducing uric acid levels. However, the precise mechanism underlying its effects remains unclear.

Retrospective study of the characteristics of early gastric cancer with surrounding map-like redness after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Background: Map-like redness (MLR) is a high-risk membrane factor for early gastric cancer (EGC) after the successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori (Hp). This study aimed to analyze the clinical, endoscopic, and pathological characteristics of EGC with surrounding MLR after successful Hp eradication and evaluate the effect of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) resection.

Methods: This retrospective study comprised 23 patients with EGC and surrounding MLR after Hp eradication (MLR group) and 135 patients with EGC without a surrounding MLR (non-MLR; NMLR group).

Pharmacological Targeting of DHHC9-Mediated STRN4 Palmitoylation to Suppress YAP-Driven Cancer Metastasis.

Protein S-palmitoylation, a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification involving the attachment of palmitate to cysteine residues, is a key regulator of protein functionality and cellular signalling. Dysregulation of this modification has emerged as a critical driver of cancer progression. Among the 23 DHHC palmitoyl transferases responsible for catalysing S-palmitoylation, aberrant expression of specific members is linked to tumorigenesis and development, underscoring their potential as promising therapeutic targets.

Hierarchical Pd Nanoclusters/CuCoAl-LDH/Graphene Catalyst: Pd-CuO Synergistic Enhancement Effect for Highly Improved Reduction of Nitro Compounds.

A series of Pd nanocluster (PdNC) catalysts -PdNCs/CuCoAl(O)/rGO- (: Pd loading (= 0.04-0.24 wt %), = 260-340 °C) are synthesized by loading water-soluble captopril-protected PdNCs on CuCoAl-layered-double-hydroxide/reduced-graphene-oxide using electrostatic adsorption followed by proper calcinations.

Synthesis, antifungal activity, structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action of nicotinohydrazide derivatives.

This study aimed to develop novel and highly effective antifungal agents to control key plant diseases. Based on the 2-chloronicotinohydrazide core structure, 22 new nicotinohydrazide derivatives were designed and synthesized by optimizing phenoxy substitution sites. Antifungal evaluation revealed that this series of compounds possess highly effective broad-spectrum fungicidal activity.

Efficacy and safety of triple therapy with vonoprazan for eradication: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial.

Background: () is a Gram-negative bacterium that relies on flagellar motility to colonize the stomach, damaging the gastric mucosa through various mechanisms and leading to various digestive disorders. Accurate assessment and precise treatment are essential in initial intensive therapy.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy and safety of a vonoprazan (VPZ)-based triple regimen for first-line eradication of in China.

Genome-Wide Identification of SRS Gene Family in Wheat and Expression Analysis Under Abiotic Stress.

The SHORT INTERNODES-related sequence (SRS) gene family, comprising zinc finger and IXGH domain-containing transcription factors, serves as a critical regulator of plant biological processes and abiotic stress responses. In this study, the common wheat cultivar Chinese Spring was selected as the experimental material. Comprehensive bioinformatic analysis was performed using ClustalX, MEGA, MEME, and PlantTFDB v5.

A case report of Castleman disease variant of POEMS syndrome presenting with prominent polyserositis and renal impairment.

Background: POEMS syndrome is a rare hematologic disorder related to plasma cell dyscrasia. The Castleman disease variant of POEMS syndrome is extremely rare and often misdiagnosed. In this study, we aim to present a noteworthy case of POEMS syndrome mainly manifested as multiple pleural effusion and renal impairment without M protein.

Studies on the Protective Effect of Silybin Against Low-Dose Radiation-Induced Damage to the Immune System.

With growing public concern about the health effects of low-dose radiation, numerous studies have demonstrated that low-dose radiation can cause damage to the immune system, making intervention measures essential. This study investigated the protective effects of silybin against low-dose radiation-induced immune system damage and its underlying mechanisms at both the cellular and animal levels. At the cellular level, CCK-8 assays, ROS measurements, and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that silybin alleviated the reduction in RAW264.

VEGFB drives tumor progression by modulating the immune microenvironment.

Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB), a member of VEGF family, shares the VEGFR1 receptor with VEGFA. VEGFB has two isoforms, VEGFB and VEGFB, whose distinct biological roles remain poorly characterized. To elucidate the isoform-specific functions of VEGFB in tumorigenesis, we utilized transgenic mouse models, including VEGFB overexpression (aP2-Vegfb, aP2-Vegfb) and VEGFB knockout (Vegfb), along with tumor cell lines (B16-F10, U14 and LLC).

Deciphering the Overlapping Immune Mechanism Between Depression and Breast Cancer.

Depression and breast cancer (BC) demonstrate significant clinical comorbidity, yet their shared molecular mechanisms remain unclear, particularly regarding immune pathway regulation. This study systematically analyzed Depression-associated gene expression profiles (Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database) and BC transcriptomic data (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database), identifying overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment (Gene Ontology (GO)/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses (STRING/Cytoscape) were employed to elucidate biological processes, followed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve validation to prioritize key genes.

Delivery of Hexaconazole by the Carboxymethylcellulose grafting and Cellulase/pH responsiveness hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles.

Conventional pesticides are easily lost, and poorly targeted deposition causes pollution and economic losses because of their large particle sizes. Cellulase/pH Responsiveness Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (Hex/HMSN-CMC) was developed to respond rapidly to changes in the environment. The particle size of Hex/HMSN-CMC was 133.

An improved RIME optimization algorithm based maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic system under partially shading condition.

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a pivotal technology for photovoltaic (PV) systems. Due to variations in light intensity and temperature, the output characteristic curve of the photovoltaic system exhibits multi-peak phenomena, and traditional MPPT algorithms perform poorly in complex and changing environments. Therefore, this paper proposes an MPPT method grounded on an improved RIME optimization algorithm (IRIME).

[Exploration of basket trial design with Bayesian method and its application value in traditional Chinese medicine].

Basket trial, as an innovative clinical trial design concept, marks the transformation of medical research from the traditional large-scale and single-disease treatment to the precise and individualized treatment. By gradually incorporating the Bayesian method during development, the trial design becomes more scientific and reasonable and increases its efficiency. The fundamental principle of the Bayesian method is the utilization of prior knowledge in conjunction with new observational data to dynamically update the posterior probability.

Reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via "Kynurenine starvation therapy" for postsurgical triple-negative breast cancer treatment.

Immunotherapy is a potential strategy to suppress the postoperative recurrence and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the excessive accumulation of kynurenine (Kyn) leads to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and impedes immunotherapeutic efficacy. Herein, a two-pronged approach through "Kynurenine Starvation Therapy" is proposed based on the in-situ hydrogel implantation for postsurgical treatment of TNBC.

Resting-State fMRI and Post-Ischemic Stroke Functional Recovery: Unraveling Causality and Predicting Therapeutic Targets.

Research on functional recovery after ischemic stroke has primarily focused on non-invasive brain stimulation and motor rehabilitation therapies, while direct pharmacological interventions are relatively underexplored. This study utilized a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the causal relationship between 191 resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) features and post-ischemic stroke functional recovery (PISFR). Significant rs-fMRI phenotypes were identified, and Mendelian randomization was employed to determine their associated proteins.

The interval of rescue treatment does not affect the efficacy and safety of Helicobacter pylori eradication: A prospective multicenter observational study.

Background: The effect of the interval between previous Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication and rescue treatment on therapeutic outcomes remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between eradication rates and treatment interval durations in H.

Modular-Based Synergetic Mechanisms of Jasminoidin and Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Cerebral Ischemia Therapy.

: Jasminoidin (JA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UA) have been shown to exert synergistic effects on cerebral ischemia (CI) therapy, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Objective: To elucidate the synergistic mechanisms involved in the combined use of JA and UA (JU) for CI therapy using a driver-induced modular screening (DiMS) strategy. : Network proximity and topology-based approaches were used to identify synergistic modules and driver genes from an anti-ischemic microarray dataset (ArrayExpress, E-TABM-662).

Effects of Ionizing Radiation on DNA Methylation Patterns and Their Potential as Biomarkers.

DNA methylation is a common endogenous chemical modification in eukaryotic DNA, primarily involving the covalent attachment of a methyl group to the fifth carbon of cytosine residues, leading to the formation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). This epigenetic modification plays a crucial role in gene expression regulation and genomic stability maintenance in eukaryotic systems. Ionizing radiation (IR) has been shown to induce changes in global DNA methylation patterns, which exhibit significant temporal stability.

From benign neurofibromas to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST): a gaming among multiple factors.

Almost all patients of Neurofibromatosis Type I (NF1) develop benign peripheral nerve tumors called neurofibromas, which are derived from neural crest Schwann cell lineage progenitors with biallelic NF1 gene mutations. More than 90% of NF1 patients develop dermal neurofibromas (DN), and 25-50% develop plexiform neurofibromas (PN). In 8-13% of individuals with NF1, PN can transform into malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), a type of nerve soft tissue sarcoma that is the main cause of mortality of NF1 patients.

Structural basis of oligomerization-modulated activation and autoinhibition of orphan receptor GPR3.

G protein-coupled receptor 3 (GPR3) is a class A orphan receptor characterized by high constitutive activity in the G signaling pathway. GPR3 has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease and the regulation of thermogenesis in human adipocytes, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying its self-activation and potential endogenous modulators remain unclear. In this study, we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of GPR3 in different oligomerization states, both in the absence and presence of G protein.

Investigation on the pro-aroma generation effects of fatty acids in beef via thermal oxidative models.

Fatty acids (FAs) in lipids are important precursors for the formation of meat aroma compounds. However, the specific roles of individual FAs and related reactions in beef aroma formation remain unclear. This study established thermal oxidation models to investigate the impact of different FAs on the formation of beef aroma compounds.

Risk Factors Analysis and Predictive Model Construction for Autoimmune Gastritis: A Nationwide Multicenter Case-Control Study in China.

Objective: Here, we ascertained the clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and determined the correlation of dietary and lifestyle factors with AIG occurrence and development to establish a noninvasive predictive model for AIG.

Methods: In this case-control study, we enrolled 479 patients from seven independent centers nationwide in China; of them, 279 had AIG, 112 had chronic atrophic gastritis mostly in the antrum, and 88 had chronic nonatrophic gastritis. Their clinical and lifestyle data were systematically collected and analyzed.

The cytotoxic and hemolytic potential of karmitoxin from Karlodinium armiger and how it interacts with sterols.

Karmitoxin, produced by Karlodinium armiger, is structurally related to karlotoxin and amphidinols, two potent ichthyotoxic hemolysins with high affinity for sterols. Given these structural similarities, karmitoxin is believed to exhibit comparable toxic effects. Cytotoxicity was assessed in the fish gill cell line RTgill-W1 and the human epithelial colon cell line HCEC-1CT.