Risk factors for persistent hypertension in primary aldosteronism after surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis delved into the identification of risk factors associated with persistent hypertension in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) following surgery.

Methods: Through an exhaustive search across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, 12 studies meeting stringent inclusion criteria were scrutinized.

Results: The analysis unveiled several significant risk factors contributing to postoperative hypertension persistence in PA patients.

Immunotherapy in EGFR-mutant NSCLC after TKI resistance: role of mutation subtypes and progression patterns.

Background: Patients withEGFR-sensitizing mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) predominantly receive first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Subsequent TKI resistance manifests through heterogeneous clinicopathological features, including distinct resistance subtypes (primary vs. acquired),PD-L1expression levels, and molecular profiles from re-biopsies.

PRDM16 acts as a therapeutic downstream target of TGF-β signaling in chronic kidney disease.

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling is the master modulator of renal fibrosis. However, targeting drugs have failed to prevent the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in clinical trials due to the extensive biological regulation of TGF-β signaling. It is necessary to investigate the precise downstream mechanisms of TGF-β signaling that regulate renal fibrosis.

How Does a Delicate Insect Wing Resist Damage? Chitin Orientation Is Adapted to the Mechanical Demands at the Nanoscale.

Insect wings achieve an extraordinary balance between structural robustness and lightweight flexibility, enabling efficient and durable flight. This performance arises from their hierarchical composite architecture, where nanoscale chitin fiber orientations play a critical role in adapting to complex mechanical demands. Using scanning X-ray micro- and nano-diffraction, the spatial distribution and orientation of chitin fibers in the hindwing of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria are systematically mapped.

Boosting mRNA cancer vaccine efficacy via targeting on macrophages in lymph nodes.

mRNA cancer vaccines show great promise for tumor therapy, but the therapeutic efficacy is limited. Metabolites play critical roles in immunomodulation. However, their role in mRNA cancer vaccines remains poorly understood.

Radiation-induced upregulation of itaconate in macrophages promotes the radioresistance of non-small cell lung cancer by stabilizing NRF2 protein and suppressing immune response.

Radioresistance is one of the important reasons for local recurrence and distant metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Itaconate primarily functions as an anti-inflammatory metabolite in macrophages, however, its role in radiotherapy remains to be explored. In this study, we demonstrated that radiation significantly increases itaconate in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is produced by macrophages.

OTUD7B controls oxLDL uptake by stabilizing Lox-1 in THP-1 and U937 cells.

Background: The scavenger receptor Lox-1 plays a crucial role in mediating the uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by macrophages, thereby promoting foam cell formation and the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have suggested that ubiquitination plays a role in accelerating the degradation of Lox-1. However, the specific mechanisms underlying how the ubiquitin-proteasome system regulates the stability and function of Lox-1 remain poorly understood.

Programmable Manually Powered Microfluidics for Rapid Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) for urinary tract infection (UTI) holds significant importance in the field of disease prevention and control, as well as the advancement of personalized precision medicine. However, conventional methods for detecting UTIs continue to face challenges such as time-consuming and labor-intensive detection processes, and reliance on specialized equipment and personnel rendering them unsuitable for point-of-care applications, especially in resource-limited areas. Here, we propose a novel flexible programmable manually powered microfluidic (FPM) for rapid point-of-care diagnosis of UTIs.

Evaluation of error detection and treatment recommendations in nucleic acid test reports using ChatGPT models.

Objectives: Accurate medical laboratory reports are essential for delivering high-quality healthcare. Recently, advanced artificial intelligence models, such as those in the ChatGPT series, have shown considerable promise in this domain. This study assessed the performance of specific GPT models-namely, 4o, o1, and o1 mini-in identifying errors within medical laboratory reports and in providing treatment recommendations.

The important role of TLR2/MyD88/JNK in regulating the pathogenesis and inflammation induced by pseudorabies virus in mice.

The host innate immune response plays a critical role in regulating and controlling viral infections by releasing inflammatory cytokines. Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a swine alphaherpesvirus, can cause severe encephalitis in piglets and various non-natural hosts. Previous studies demonstrated that PRV infection induced the significant elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and lethal inflammatory response in the mouse model.

Curcumin protects rat endplate chondrocytes against IL-1β-induced apoptosis via Bcl-2/Bax regulation.

The study aims to investigate the protective effect of curcumin on intervertebral disc degeneration by examining its influence on IL-1β-induced apoptosis in rat cartilage endplate cells. The rat primary chondrocytes treated by IL-1 β at 10 ng /mL was utilized as a rat model in intervertebral disc degeneration, followed by incubation with different concentration of curcumin (10, 15, 20 μmol/L). Cell apoptosis and cell proliferation were conducted through flow cytometry and CCK-8, respectively.

Macrophage-Derived Itaconate Suppresses Dendritic Cell Function to Promote Acquired Resistance to Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy.

Adaptive resistance to immunotherapy remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment. The reshaping of the tumor immune microenvironment in response to therapeutic pressures is a crucial factor contributing to this resistance. In this study, by comprehensive metabolic profiling of tumor tissues, we identified elevated itaconate in response to anti-PD-1 therapy as an adaptive resistance mechanism that promoted immune escape and tumor progression.

Freeze-Thaw Imaging for Microorganism Classification Assisted with Artificial Intelligence.

Fast and cost-effective microbial classification is crucial for clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety. However, traditional methods encounter challenges including intricate procedures, skilled personnel needs, and sophisticated instrumentations. Here, we propose a cost-effective microbe classification system, also termed freeze-thaw-induced floating pattern of AuNPs (FTFPA), coupled with artificial intelligence, which is capable of identifying microbes at a cost of $0.

Data-Driven Theoretical Modeling of Centrifugal Step Emulsification and Its Application in Comprehensive Multiscale Analysis.

Tailored droplet generation is crucial for droplet microfluidics that involve samples of varying sizes. However, the absence of precise predictive models forces droplet platforms to rely on empiricism derived from extensive experiments, underscoring the need for comprehensive modeling analysis. To address this, a novel customized assembled centrifugal step emulsifier (CASE) is presented by incorporating a "jigsaw puzzles" design to efficiently acquire large-scale experimental data.

Recent advances in centrifugal microfluidics for point-of-care testing.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) holds significant importance in the field of infectious disease prevention and control, as well as personalized precision medicine. The emerging microfluidics, capable of minimal reagent consumption, integration, and a high degree of automation, play a pivotal role in POCT. Centrifugal microfluidics, also termed lab-on-a-disc (LOAD), is a significant subfield of microfluidics that integrates crucial analytical steps onto a single chip, thereby optimizing the process and enabling high-throughput, automated analysis.

Correction: Relieving immunosuppression during long-term anti-angiogenesis therapy using photodynamic therapy and oxygen delivery.

Correction for 'Relieving immunosuppression during long-term anti-angiogenesis therapy using photodynamic therapy and oxygen delivery' by Qianyuan He , , 2020, , 14788-14800, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0NR02750B.

A self-assembled, genetically engineered, irradiated tumor cell debris vaccine.

Vaccine-based therapeutics for cancers face several challenges including lack of immunogenicity and tumor escape pathways for single antigen targets. It has been reported that radiotherapy has an in situ vaccine effect that provides tumor antigens following irradiation, helping to activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Herein, a new vaccine approach is developed by combining genetically engineered irradiated tumor cell debris (RTD) and hyaluronic acid (HA), termed HA@RTD.

Effect of venom (AAVC-I) on apoptosis through modulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in HSC-3 oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial regions. Patients with OSCC exhibit a poor response to conventional chemoradiotherapies, which are associated with severe side effects. Therefore, it is essential to identify an effective therapeutic method to treat patients with OSCC.

Targeting the Cascade Amplification of Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor to Alleviate the Immunosuppressive Effects Following Radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy (RT) serves as the primary treatment for solid tumors. Its potential to incite an immune response against tumors both locally and distally profoundly impacts clinical outcomes. However, RT may also promote the accumulation of immunosuppressive cytokines and immunosuppressive cells, greatly impeding the activation of antitumor immune responses and substantially limiting the effectiveness of RT.

Hydrogel-Based 3D Bioprinting Technology for Articular Cartilage Regenerative Engineering.

Articular cartilage is an avascular tissue with very limited capacity of self-regeneration. Trauma or injury-related defects, inflammation, or aging in articular cartilage can induce progressive degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritis. There are significant clinical demands for the development of effective therapeutic approaches to promote articular cartilage repair or regeneration.

Tamm-cavity terahertz detector.

Efficiently fabricating a cavity that can achieve strong interactions between terahertz waves and matter would allow researchers to exploit the intrinsic properties due to the long wavelength in the terahertz waveband. Here we show a terahertz detector embedded in a Tamm cavity with a record Q value of 1017 and a bandwidth of only 469 MHz for direct detection. The Tamm-cavity detector is formed by embedding a substrate with an NbN microbolometer detector between an Si/air distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) and a metal reflector.