Rational module substitution strategy to enhance ACE-inhibitory peptide activity.

Food-derived angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptide plays key roles in hypertension prevention, however, their activity is dependent on specific sequence composition. This study aims to enhance peptide activity using a module substitution strategy. Molecular docking and activity assays identified MF as a low- and FP as a high-contribution dipeptide module within MFPWP.

Mining for Novel Umami Peptides from Sea Cucumber Viscera Hydrolysate with ACE Inhibitory Activity.

Flavor-enhancing characteristics of umami peptides have garnered considerable interest, while their functionality has received limited attention. This study screened umami peptides from sea cucumber viscera hydrolysate and further explored peptides with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. The amino acid sequences of the prepared hydrolysate were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and three umami peptides were mined.

Impact of 2'-fucosyllactose on adult gut microbiota composition and metabolome based on colonic fermentation and prebiotic quantitative evaluation.

2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL), a predominant human milk oligosaccharide, is widely employed as a commercial infant prebiotic. Nevertheless, the benefits of 2'-FL on complex gut microbiota need further exploration. The modulation of 2'-FL on adult gut microbiota composition and metabolome, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan metabolism, was investigated via colonic fermentation, single bacterial strains cultivation, and prebiotic activity scoring evaluation.

Current status and potential of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria applied in the food industry.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been widely applied in the food industry and have brought many beneficial effects on food products, and some of those benefits are related to their metabolic product. Bacteriocins produced by LAB have attracted the attentions for application in the food industry as natural food bio-preservatives because of their antimicrobial activity against the food spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. With the increasing demands of consumers for more healthier food and investigations on natural food preservatives, the bioactivity of bacteriocins allows them to give the application values to the bacteriocin-producing LAB.

Development of fast-growing chlorophyll-deficient Chlorella pyrenoidosa mutant using atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis.

This study successfully obtained a chlorophyll-deficient mutant of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, named A19, using atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis technology. Compared to the wild-type strain, the A19 mutant exhibited a faster growth rate and appeared yellow under dark conditions. The content of chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B decreased by 80% and 60%, respectively, while lutein content increased by 16%.

Feature analysis aided design of lightweight heat sink from network structures.

The advent of electronic devices has revolutionized engineering applications and fundamentally transformed society. However, their lifespan is significantly impacted by operational temperatures, as excess heat can elevate localized temperatures (hot spot) and damage components. Efficient heat dissipation through heat sinks is therefore crucial.

Accurately Models the Relationship Between Physical Response and Structure Using Kolmogorov-Arnold Network.

Artificial intelligence (AI) in science is a key area of modern research. However, many current machine learning methods lack interpretability, making it difficult to grasp the physical mechanisms behind various phenomena, which hampers progress in related fields. This study focuses on the Poisson's ratio of a hexagonal lattice elastic network as it varies with structural deformation.

Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral 1,4-Dihydroquinolines via Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Partial Hydrogenation of Quinolines.

Chiral 1,4-dihydroquinolines are frequently found in natural products and pharmaceuticals, yet a generally useful route for their synthesis remains elusive. Here, we present an asymmetric partial hydrogenation strategy to access enantioenriched 1,4-dihydroquinolines from quinolines. Our strategy involves incorporating an ester group at position 3 of the quinoline ring, thereby enhancing the electronic deficiency and polarity of the C3-C4 double bond.

Unlocking 3D printing technology for microalgal production and application.

Microalgae offer a promising alternative for sustainable nutritional supplements and functional food ingredients and hold potential to meet the growing demand for nutritious and eco-friendly food alternatives. With the escalating impacts of global climate change and increasing human activities, microalgal production must be enhanced by reducing freshwater and land use and minimizing carbon emissions. The advent of 3D printing offers novel opportunities for optimizing microalgae production, though it faces challenges such as high production costs and scalability concerns.

Heterologous expression of a recombinant ACE inhibitory peptide LYPVK and its potential antihypertensive action mechanism.

Enzymatic hydrolysis approach is commonly employed for preparation of active peptides, while the limited purity and yield of produced peptides hinder further development of action mechanisms. This study presents the biotechnological approach for the efficient production of recombinant angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide LYPVK and investigates its potential antihypertensive action mechanism. DNA encoding sequence of recombinant peptide was designed to form in tandem, which was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3).

Enhancing drug solubility through competitive adsorption on silica nanosurfaces with ultrahigh silanol densities.

We develop a technology based on competitive adsorption between drug molecules and water, specifically designed to address the critical issue of poor drug solubility. By specially engineering silica nanosurfaces with ultrahigh densities of silanol, we significantly enhance their affinity for both drug molecules and water, with a notably greater increase in water affinity. Such surfaces can effectively adsorb a variety of drug molecules under dry conditions.

Current challenges and development strategies of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria applied in the food industry.

Given the great importance of natural biopreservatives in the modern food industry, lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-producing bacteriocins have gained considerable attention due to their antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria. Although numerous LAB-producing bacteriocins have demonstrated efficiency in preserving food quality in various applications, only a limited number of these compounds have been commercially approved to date. The currently unclear gastrointestinal metabolism of bacteriocins may pose safety risks, as well as cytotoxicity and immunogenicity, which need to be seriously considered before their application.

The Dual Resistance Mechanism of CYP325G4 and CYP6AA9 in Legs According to Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis.

Mosquitoes within the complex play a crucial role in human disease transmission. Insecticides, especially pyrethroids, are used to control these vectors. Mosquito legs are the main entry point and barrier for insecticides to gain their neuronal targets.

[Platelet/white blood cell ratio in the prediction of postoperative acute kidney injury of patients].

Objective: To investigate the risk factors and predictive value on acute kidney injury (AKI) following surgery, and to elucidate the relationship between platelet/white blood cell ratio (PWR) and AKI.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted. The patients who underwent surgery admitted to Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2019 to January 2023 were enrolled.

Marine-Derived Fucose-Containing Carbohydrates: Review of Sources, Structure, and Beneficial Effects on Gastrointestinal Health.

Fucose, fucose-containing oligosaccharides, and fucose-containing polysaccharides have been widely applied in the fields of food and medicine, including applications in eradication and renal function protection. Fucose-containing carbohydrates (FCCs) derived from marine organisms such as seaweed, invertebrates, microalgae, fungi, and bacteria have garnered growing attention due to their diverse bioactivities and potential therapeutic applications. Marine-derived FCCs characterized by high fucose residue content and extensive sulfate substitution, including fucoidan, fucosylated chondroitin sulfate, and fucose-rich microbial exopolysaccharides, have demonstrated significant potential in promoting gastrointestinal health.

Development strategies and application of antimicrobial peptides as future alternatives to in-feed antibiotics.

The use of in-feed antibiotics has been widely restricted due to the significant environmental pollution and food safety concerns they have caused. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted widespread attention as potential future alternatives to in-feed antibiotics owing to their demonstrated antimicrobial activity and environment friendly characteristics. However, the challenges of weak bioactivity, immature stability, and low production yields of natural AMPs impede practical application in the feed industry.

Machine Learning Aided Design and Optimization of Thermal Metamaterials.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has advanced material research that were previously intractable, for example, the machine learning (ML) has been able to predict some unprecedented thermal properties. In this review, we first elucidate the methodologies underpinning discriminative and generative models, as well as the paradigm of optimization approaches. Then, we present a series of case studies showcasing the application of machine learning in thermal metamaterial design.

Analysis of risk factors for late arteriovenous fistula failure and patency rates after angioplasty in hemodialysis patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is increasing worldwide. Hemodialysis (HD) is the mainstay of renal replacement therapy for patients with ESKD. Risk factors associated with late arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure in HD patients are poorly investigated.

A Recombinant Alginate Lyase Algt1 with Potential in Preparing Alginate Oligosaccharides at High-Concentration Substrate.

Alginate lyase has been demonstrated as an efficient tool in the preparation of functional oligosaccharides (AOS) from alginate. The high viscosity resulting from the high concentration of alginate poses a limiting factor affecting enzymatic hydrolysis, particularly in the preparation of the fragments with low degrees of polymerization (DP). Herein, a PL7 family alginate lyase Algt from DSM 19189 was developed and expressed in .

Response of serovar Typhimurium to alginate oligosaccharides fermented with fecal inoculum: integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

Unlabelled: Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), extracted from marine brown algae, are a common functional feed additive; however, it remains unclear whether they modulate the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. The response of serovar Typhimurium, a common poultry pathogen, to AOS fermented with chicken fecal inocula was investigated using metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. Single-strain cultivation tests showed that AOS did not directly inhibit the growth of .

Structural characterization of a novel fucosylated trisaccharide prepared from bacterial exopolysaccharides and evaluation of its prebiotic activity.

Fucosylated oligosaccharides have promising prospects in various fields. In this study, a fucosylated trisaccharide (GFG) was separated from the acidolysis products of exopolysaccharides from Clavibacter michiganensis M1. Structural characterization demonstrated that GFG consists of glucose, galactose, and fucose, with a molecular weight of 488 Da.

High-Efficiency Fermentation of Nattokinase by Recombinant Using Oyster Protein Hydrolysate as a Substrate.

In recent years, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have been the focus of several studies. In this study, oyster protein hydrolysate was produced via enzyme hydrolysis and used as a fermentation substrate to ferment recombinant strain to produce nattokinase. Using the synergism strategy, fermentation products with fibrinolytic and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were obtained and evaluated.

Butyrogenic effect of galactosyl and mannosyl carbohydrates and their regulation on piglet intestinal microbiota.

Diarrhea is a global problem that causes economic losses in the pig industry. There is a growing attention on finding new alternatives to antibiotics to solve this problem. Hence, this study aimed to compare the prebiotic activity of low-molecular-weight hydrolyzed guar gum (GMPS) with commercial manno-oligosaccharide (MOS) and galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS).

Intracranial hemorrhage after spinal surgery: a literature review.

Background And Objective: Intracranial hemorrhage following spinal surgery is an infrequent but severe complication. Due to its rarity, the etiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment have not yet been fully elucidated. This literature review analyzed the incidence, clinical manifestations, hemorrhage location, current therapeutic strategies, location of operation, and interval time between surgery and bleeding.

Amelioration of hydrolyzed guar gum on high-fat diet-induced obesity: Integrated hepatic transcriptome and metabolome.

Hydrolyzed guar gum has gained attention as an anti-obesity agent; however, few studies have focused on its role in amelioration of hepatic-associated metabolic processes. Here, the anti-obesity effect of low molecular weight hydrolyzed guar gum (GMLP, 1-10 kDa) on high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 J mice was investigated via transcriptome and metabolome in liver. GMLP reduced body weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation dose-dependently, regulated blood lipid levels, and improved liver damage in HFD-fed mice.