Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal molecular mechanisms of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) resistance in Nicotiana tabacum L.

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) severely impairs plant growth, leading to significant economic losses in the production of various Solanaceae crops, including tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and pepper (Caspicum annuum). To investigate TMV resistance mechanisms, we analyzed the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of susceptible (K326) and resistant (R_K326) tobacco lines. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in R_K326 was about 2 times higher than in K326 at 9 days post-inoculation (dpi), suggesting a greater involvement of defense-related genes in the resistant line.

A pectin methylesterase inhibitor NtPMEI21 negatively regulates resistance to brown spot disease in Nicotiana tabacum L.

Pectin, as one of the major components of plant cell walls, plays a crucial role in cell wall integrity (CWI) which is closely linked with plant immunity. Pectin methylesterase (PME) catalyzes the demethylesterification of pectin and is modulated by the pectin methylesterase inhibitors (PMEIs). Here, we explored the expression patterns and the specific roles of NtPMEI21 on regulating the resistance to Alternaria alternata in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.

DNA Methylation in CYP82E4 Regulates Nicotine Conversion of Nicotiana tabacum.

Nornicotine content is very low in tobacco, accounting for less than 5% of total alkaloids. Nicotine conversion refers to the process by which nornicotine is synthesised spontaneously and in large quantities from nicotine. CYP82E4 is the only key enzyme gene involved in nicotine conversion, but it is unclear by what mechanism plants regulate the expression of this gene and thus change the phenotype of nicotine conversion.

Microbiomic insights into the unique effects of vaginal microbiota on preterm birth in Chinese pregnant women.

Preterm birth is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The disruption of vaginal microbiota in pregnant women is the most significant risk factor for preterm delivery. In this study, 65 pregnant women were enrolled, of which 29 were women with term births and 36 were women with preterm births, and were then categorized based on gestational age at delivery.

The genome and GeneBank genomics of allotetraploid Nicotiana tabacum provide insights into genome evolution and complex trait regulation.

Nicotiana tabacum is an allotetraploid hybrid of Nicotiana sylvestris and Nicotiana tomentosiformis and a model organism in genetics. However, features of subgenome evolution, expression coordination, genetic diversity and complex traits regulation of N. tabacum remain unresolved.

Prevalence, genetic variations and clinical outcomes of BRAF-V600 mutated advanced NSCLC in China: a retrospective real-world multi-centre study.

Background: Due to the low incidence of BRAF mutations, limited data is available about their prevalence and clinical characteristics. Moreover, comparative real-world efficacy of dabrafenib combined with trametinib versus other treatment regimens, especially in Chinese patients, is also lacking.

Methods: Patients who had BRAF genetic testing from the Lung Cancer Big Data Precise Treatment Collaboration Group (LANDSCAPE) database were included as Cohort I.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfonylurea derivatives as NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors.

The NLRP3 inflammasome has been extensively studied in recent years and its aberrant activation can exacerbate inflammatory responses, contributing to various diseases. MCC950, a sulfonylurea drug, is a potent selective inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome. However, its clinical development was halted due to hepatotoxicity, and studies have indicated significant reduction in activity among its metabolites.

Genome-wide analysis of tobacco NtTOM1/TOM3 gene family and identification of NtTOM1a/ NtTOM3a response to tobacco mosaic virus.

Background: TOBAMOVIRUS MULTIPLICATION 1 (TOM1) and its homolog TOBAMOVIRUS MULTIPLICATION 3 (TOM3) play a prominent role in the multiplication of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in higher plants. Although homologs of NtTOM1/TOM3 genes have been identified in several plant species, little is known about the characteristics and functions of NtTOM1/TOM3 at the genome-wide level in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.).

Evaluation of tracheal diameter and angles in fetuses with double aortic arch using prenatal ultrasound: implications for postnatal management.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the value of prenatal ultrasound in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of double aortic arch (DAA) malformations.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 31 fetal cases with double aortic arch anomalies over a 12-year period from June 1, 2011 to June 1, 2023. The assessment included combined measurements of fetal tracheal internal diameter Z-score and DAA pinch angle, along with ultrasonographic findings, associated anomalies, genetic abnormalities, postnatal CTA images, and long-term postnatal outcomes.

Morning resting hypothalamus-dorsal striatum connectivity predicts individual differences in diurnal sleepiness accumulation.

While the significance of obtaining restful sleep at night and maintaining daytime alertness is well recognized for human performance and overall well-being, substantial variations exist in the development of sleepiness during diurnal waking periods. Despite the established roles of the hypothalamus and striatum in sleep-wake regulation, the specific contributions of this neural circuit in regulating individual sleep homeostasis remain elusive. This study utilized resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and mathematical modeling to investigate the role of hypothalamus-striatum connectivity in subjective sleepiness variation in a cohort of 71 healthy adults under strictly controlled in-laboratory conditions.

Locus coeruleus microstructural integrity is associated with vigilance vulnerability to sleep deprivation.

Insufficient sleep compromises cognitive performance, diminishes vigilance, and disrupts daily functioning in hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Despite extensive research revealing significant variability in vigilance vulnerability to sleep deprivation, the underlying mechanisms of these individual differences remain elusive. Locus coeruleus (LC) plays a crucial role in the regulation of sleep-wake cycles and has emerged as a potential marker for vigilance vulnerability to sleep deprivation.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of NtMYC2a gene involved in resistance to bacterial wilt in tobacco.

MYC2 is a class of bHLH family transcription factors and a major regulatory factor in the JA signaling pathway, and its molecular function in tobacco has not been reported. In this study, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated MYC2 gene NtMYC2a knockout mutants at tobacco was obtained and its agronomic traits, disease resistance, and chemical composition were identified. Comparing with the WT, the leaf width of the KO-NtMYC2a was narrowed, the nornicotine content and mecamylamine content increased significantly and the resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum significantly decreased.

CCDC6-RET fusion protein regulates Ras/MAPK signaling through the fusion- GRB2-SHC1 signal niche.

Rearranged during transfection (RET) rearrangement oncoprotein-mediated Ras/MAPK signaling cascade is constitutively activated in cancers. Here, we demonstrate a unique signal niche. The niche is a ternary complex based on the chimeric RET liquid-liquid phase separation.

Test-retest reliability and time-of-day variations of perfusion imaging at rest and during a vigilance task.

Arterial spin-labeled perfusion and blood oxygenation level-dependent functional MRI are indispensable tools for noninvasive human brain imaging in clinical and cognitive neuroscience, yet concerns persist regarding the reliability and reproducibility of functional MRI findings. The circadian rhythm is known to play a significant role in physiological and psychological responses, leading to variability in brain function at different times of the day. Despite this, test-retest reliability of brain function across different times of the day remains poorly understood.

Total synthesis/semi-synthesis of natural isopentenyl flavonoids with inhibitory activity on NLRP3 inflammasome.

Inflammation is the body's defense response to stimuli. When the homeostatic balance is disturbed, disease may result. Flavonoids have clear anti-inflammatory effects and the isopentenyl group significantly enhances the pharmacological activity of flavonoids.

Comprehensive genome sequence analysis of gd-2, a phylotype I sequevar 15 strain collected from a tobacco bacterial phytopathogen.

Introduction: Plant bacterial wilt is an important worldwide disease caused by which is a complex of species.

Methods: In this study, we identified and sequenced the genome of strain gd-2 isolated from tobacco.

Results: Strain gd-2 was identified as species complex (RSSC) phylotype I sequevar 15 and exhibited strong pathogenicity to tobacco.

Spectroscopic studies of the role of dissolved organic matter in acenaphthene photodegradation in liquid water and ice.

The effect of concentration and origin of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on acenaphthene (Ace) photodegradation in liquid water and ice was investigated, and the components in DOM which were involved in Ace photodegradation were identified. The DOM samples included Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA), Elliott soil humic acid (ESHA), and an effluent organic matter (EfOM) sample. Due to the production of hydroxyl radical (OH) and triplet excited-state DOM (DOM*) which react with Ace, DOM had promotion effects on Ace photodegradation.

Genome-wide identification of the TIFY gene family in tobacco and expression analysis in response to Ralstonia solanacearum infection.

The TIFY gene family plays an essential role in plant development and abiotic and biotic stress responses. In this study, genome-wide identification of TIFY members in tobacco and their expression pattern analysis in response to Ralstonia solanacearum infection were performed. A total of 33 TIFY genes were identified, including the TIFY, PPD, ZIM&ZML and JAZ subfamilies.

Integrated transmission electron microscopy and proteomic analyses reveal the cytoarchitectural response to cucumber mosaic virus infection in tobacco.

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) causes huge economic losses to agriculture every year; thus, understanding the mechanism of plant resistance to CMV is imperative. In this study, an integrated analysis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations and proteomic results was used to identify cytoarchitectural differences in Nicotiana tabacum cv. NC82 (susceptible) and cv.

Fine mapping and identification of two NtTOM2A homeologs responsible for tobacco mosaic virus replication in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.).

Background: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a widely distributed viral disease that threatens many vegetables and horticultural species. Using the resistance gene N which induces a hypersensitivity reaction, is a common strategy for controlling this disease in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.).

Transcriptomics and virus-induced gene silencing identify defence-related genes during Ralstonia solanacearum infection in resistant and susceptible tobacco.

Bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a globally prevalent bacterial soil-borne disease. In this study, transcriptome sequencing were subjected to roots after infection with the R. solanacearum in the resistant and susceptible tobacco variety.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with hemophilic syndrome and bone marrow fibrosis: A rare case report.

Background: Malignant schwannoma is a rare tumor in the peripheral nervous system, accounting for approximately 5% to 10% of systemic soft tissue sarcomas. Especially, malignant schwannoma occurring in the broad ligament of the uterus with hemophilic syndrome and bone marrow fibrosis is extremely rare in clinical practice. Here, we report the first case of an patient diagnosed with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) of the broad ligament of the uterus with hemophilic syndrome and bone marrow fibrosis, and share our reference clinical diagnosis and treatment experience.