Precision Measurement of the Branching Fraction of D^{+}→μ^{+}ν_{μ}.

Using 20.3  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected at a center-of-mass energy of E_{c.m.

High-performance large-area terahertz detector based on the WTe film of Weyl semimetal with a subwavelength zigzag line array.

A large-area terahertz detector based on a subwavelength zigzag line array on the Weyl semimetal film of was designed and prepared. A high-performance device, on account of the combination of the absorption characteristic of Weyl semimetals for long-wave photons with low energy and the enhancement effect of the localized surface plasmon by virtue of a subwavelength zigzag line array structure, has been demonstrated by a numerical simulation and experimental verification. A high-performance detection ability of a large 3.

Ecosystem Metabolic Rates Estimated from Diel Oxygen Measurements in Two Subtropical Estuaries.

Unlabelled: Subtropical estuaries worldwide are facing increasing pressure from human population growth, development, and climate change. Carbon is a useful currency for understanding how estuaries respond to these pressures and yet relatively little is known about carbon cycling in subtropical estuaries. Here we compute gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and net ecosystem production (NEP) from the diurnal cycle in dissolved oxygen measured during 38 week-long individual deployments over three years in two estuaries in the southeastern United States, Biscayne Bay and Tampa Bay.

RNA modifications in plant pathogenic fungi: from epitranscriptomics to antifungal strategies.

Traditional antifungal agents such as polyene, azole, and echinocandin antifungals are restricted because of antifungal resistance and off-target effects. Given these limitations, there is an urgent need to explore novel antifungal strategies by identifying alternative targets. RNA modifications, such as mA, mC, mA, mG, sU, acC, and A-to-I editing, hold promise as such targets on the basis of their roles in post-transcriptional regulation in plant pathogenic fungi, affecting RNA processing, stability, translation, and localization.

Oxidase-mimic Fe-co-Ce oxide embellished chitosan fiber for quantitative degradation of luminol and visual detection of m-aminophenol.

Background: Environmental safety and protection is accordingly one of the hottest issues to be concerned nowadays. Among all the chemicals to be monitored urgently, aminophenol and luminol are both quite hazardous but widely utilized in the fields of chemical industry, medicine, scientific research, chemical sensing, and so on. Although some reported ways could detect them satisfactorily, few reports could be found for portable visual monitoring and degradation of aminophenol and luminol, using only one sensor to judge the degradation degree as well.

A genetically encoded biosensor for point-of-care and live-cell detection of D-2-hydroxyglutarate.

D-2-Hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) is a functional endogenous metabolite in various domains of life. Its abnormal accumulation promotes human tumorigenesis. Convenient D-2-HG testing for diagnosis and prognosis of D-2-HG-related diseases remains technically challenging, and there is no analytical method to directly detect D-2-HG in living cells.

Accurate Accounting and Molecular Composition Analysis Reveal Beds as a Major Marine Carbon Sequestration.

Marine carbon sequestration is increasingly recognized as a potential contributor to mitigate global warming. Recent studies have demonstrated that macroalgae possess a significant carbon sequestration potential. In this study, the biomass dynamics of the beds in the Weizhou Island of China was investigated throughout their entire life cycle.

Current Concepts on Imaging and Artificial Intelligence of Osteosarcopenia in the Aging Spine: A Review for Spinal Surgeons by the SRS Adult Spinal Deformity Task Force on Senescence.

Study Design: Narrative review.

Objective: To explore the intersection of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, radiomics, and machine learning in spine surgery, with a focus on clinical applications and opportunities for advancing assessment and predictive modeling methods.

Summary Of Background Data: Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are significant contributors to negative outcomes in the aging adult spine.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Shoulder Rehabilitation: Unlocking Motion and Reducing Post-Surgical Pain.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in improving pain, range of movement, and functional outcomes in patients with shoulder stiffness following rotator-cuff repair.

Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, from January 2021 to December 2023.

Dissecting metabolic dysfunction- and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD) using proteomic and metabolomic profiles.

Background & Aims: Metabolic dysfunction- and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD) is a poorly understood condition that bridges cardiometabolic and alcohol-related pathological characteristics. We aimed to differentiate patients with MetALD whose molecular signatures more closely resemble either alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and to assess their relative risks of complications and mortality.

Methods: We analysed data from 443,453 European participants in the UK Biobank, including 34,147 with MetALD, 11,220 with ALD, and 124,034 with MASLD.

Synergistic triboelectric and antibacterial properties in biodegradable nanofiber membranes for air filtration.

Masking materials efficiently filter airborne particles, particularly reducing the risk of viral and bacterial infections through electrostatic adsorption. However, prolonged exposure to breathing steam gradually lowers filtration efficiency due to moisture absorption. Previous studies investigated strategies like electret materials and multilayer structures to enhance lifespan.

Dual-Atom Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Unraveling Atomic Structures under Reaction Conditions.

Metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C, = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pt) dual-atom catalysts (DACs) show great potential for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). During catalytic reactions, multiple reactants and intermediates interact with the active sites, yet understanding their dynamic structural evolution under the operating conditions remains challenging. In this study, we analyze 186 heteronuclear FeM-N-C DACs using thermodynamic phase diagrams and find that OH-ligated structures become predominant at higher applied potentials.

Application of new approach methodologies for nonclinical safety assessment of drug candidates.

The development of new approach methodologies (NAMs) and advances with in vitro testing systems have prompted revisions in regulatory guidelines and inspired dedicated in vitro/ex vivo studies for nonclinical safety assessment. This Review by a safety reflection initiative subgroup of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA)/Preclinical Development Expert Group (PDEG) summarizes the current state and potential application of in vitro studies using human-derived material for safety assessment in drug development. It focuses on case studies from recent projects in which animal models alone proved to be limited or inadequate for safety testing.

Efficient Ion Migration and Stable Interface Chemistry of PVDF-Based Electrolytes for Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based electrolytes with "Li salt-polymer-trace residual solvent" configuration have shown great potential in solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs). However, the interface failure initiated by the residual solvent and the sluggish Li migration kinetics caused by the intricacy of the Li-interaction environment severely precludes the large-scale commercial application of PVDF-based electrolytes in SSLMBs. Herein, the PVDF-based electrolytes are fabricated by compositing the PVDF matrix and sand-ground silicon monoxide (SiO-a) fillers with silicon monoxide/silicon-suboxide/silicon-dioxide (Si/SiO(0 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Efficacy and safety of esketamine for smoking cessation among patients diagnosed with lung cancer and major depression disorder: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of esketamine (ESK) for smoking cessation. The study enrolled a sample of 236 patients diagnosed with lung cancer and major depression disorder (MDD). Treatment included intranasal delivery of ESK or placebo once a week for 8 sessions.

Molecular Geometry-Property Relationship of Benzodipyrrole-Based A-DA'D-A Type Acceptors for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells.

Molecular geometry plays a crucial role in determining the physical and chemical properties of organic semiconductor materials. However, there is little research on the molecular geometry-property relationship of A-DA'D-A type small molecule acceptors (SMAs), which are the most representative organic semiconductor materials used in organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, we used dichlorine-substituted benzene as the A' unit to overcome the geometry constraints imposed by the conventional A' unit that has a large size.

Optimizing Xenium In Situ data utility by quality assessment and best-practice analysis workflows.

The Xenium In Situ platform is a new spatial transcriptomics product commercialized by 10x Genomics, capable of mapping hundreds of genes in situ at subcellular resolution. Given the multitude of commercially available spatial transcriptomics technologies, recommendations in choice of platform and analysis guidelines are increasingly important. Herein, we explore 25 Xenium datasets generated from multiple tissues and species, comparing scalability, resolution, data quality, capacities and limitations with eight other spatially resolved transcriptomics technologies and commercial platforms.

Identification of blood-derived exosomal tumor RNA signatures as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for multi-cancer: a multi-phase, multi-center study.

Background: Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, making early detection crucial for improving survival outcomes. The study aims to develop a machine learning-enabled blood-derived exosomal RNA profiling platform for multi-cancer detection and localization.

Methods: In this multi-phase, multi-center study, we analyzed RNA from exosomes derived from peripheral blood plasma in 818 participants across eight cancer types during the discovery phase.

Construction of hierarchically porous covalent organic frameworks with enhanced enzyme accessibility for sensitive dopamine detection.

Immobilization of fragile enzymes is vital to expanding its application in the extracellular environment. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as a class of emerging porous materials, are promising platforms for enzyme immobilization owing to their high porosity and tunable structure. However, the interior pores of COFs often fail to play their roles because of inaccessibility, resulting in decreased performance of immobilized enzymes.

Self-Diffusion of Star and Linear Polyelectrolytes in Salt-Free and Salt Solutions.

This work explored solution properties of linear and star poly(methacrylic acids) with four, six, and eight arms (PMAA, 4PMAA, PMAA, and 8PMAA, respectively) of matched molecular weights in a wide range of pH, salt, and polymer concentrations. Experimental measurements of self-diffusion were performed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), and the results were interpreted using the scaling theory of polyelectrolyte solutions. While all PMAAs were pH sensitive and showed an increase in hydrodynamic radius ( ) with pH in the dilute regime, the of star polymers (measured at basic pH values) was significantly smaller for the star polyacids due to their more compact structure.

Nonselective β-Adrenergic Receptor Inhibitors Impair Hematopoietic Regeneration in Mice and Humans after Hematopoietic Cell Transplants.

Peripheral nerves promote mouse bone marrow regeneration by activating β2- and β3-adrenergic receptor signaling, raising the possibility that nonselective β-blockers could inhibit engraftment after hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT). We observed no effect of β-blockers on steady-state mouse hematopoiesis. However, mice treated with a nonselective β-blocker (carvedilol), but not a β1-selective inhibitor (metoprolol), exhibited impaired hematopoietic regeneration after syngeneic or allogeneic HCTs.

Evidence for saddle point-driven charge density wave on the surface of heavily hole-doped iron arsenide superconductors.

Unconventional superconductivity is known for its intertwining with other correlated states, making exploration of the intertwined orders important for understanding its pairing mechanism. In particular, spin and nematic orders are widely observed in iron-based superconductors; however, the presence of charge order is uncommon. Using scanning tunnelling microscopy, and through expanding the phase diagram of iron-arsenide superconductor BaKFeAs to the hole-doping regime beyond KFeAs by surface doping, we demonstrate the formation of a charge density wave (CDW) on the arsenide surface of heavily hole-doped BaKFeAs.

Association between triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and microalbuminuria in the Chinese population.

The evidence for the association between the triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) ratio and the risk of developing microalbuminuria is still limited in the Chinese population. Therefore, our research will endeavor to explore the relationship between the two. The cross-sectional survey enrolled 32,877 general population from eight regional centers in China.

Exome Sequencing of Chinese Patients With Anticitrullinated Protein Antibody-Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis in Singapore.

Objective: More than 130 susceptibility loci for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been identified with genome-wide association studies. To investigate the genetic predisposition of Chinese patients to anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive RA, we carried out an exome sequencing study.

Methods: Patients were recruited from 3 major public hospitals in Singapore: Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), Singapore General Hospital, and the National University Hospital.