Vitamin D₃ inhibits proliferation and the early stage of adipogenic differentiation but promotes gene expression and lipid accumulation during the late stage of adipogenic differentiation in intramuscular adipose cells of Korean native cattle.

This study investigated the role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (vitamin D₃) in regulating adipogenesis in stromal vascular (SV) cells derived from Korean native cattle (Hanwoo), focusing on its dose- (0, 1, 10, and 100 nM) and time-dependent effects across the growth phase and the early(day 3), mid (day 7), and late (day 14) stages of the differentiation phase. SV cells were isolated from the intramuscular fat of the Longissimus thoracis muscle of four female Hanwoo cattle (29 to 32 mo old) raised on the same farm. Vitamin D₃ treatment during the growth phase significantly suppressed preadipocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

Antipruritic Effect of 2,3-Dehydrosilybin in Glial Cells and Chloroquine-Treated Mice.

Pruritus is an inflammatory skin disorder that reduces the patient's quality of life. Meanwhile, 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHS) belongs to a class of flavonolignans derived from milk thistle seeds, and is known to have anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and angiogenic effects. In the current study, the inhibitory effect of DHS on pruritus was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglia, IL-31- and IL-6-treated astrocytes, and chloroquine-treated mice.

leaf extract and its main component, myricitrin, inhibit both histamine‑dependent and histamine‑independent itching.

Pruritus is a distressing symptom associated with various dermatological, systemic and neurological conditions, markedly impairing quality of life. Pruritus arises through histamine-dependent and histamine-independent pathways, involving mediators such as histamine, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), interleukin-31 (IL-31) and STAT3 signaling. The present study aimed to investigate the antipruritic effects of leaf extract (DLE) and its major constituent, myricitrin (MC), on ICR mice using compound 48/80 (histamine-dependent) and chloroquine (histamine-independent) itch models.

Efficacy of family presence in the operating room during endovenous treatment: An EFFORT prospective observational study.

Background: Varicose vein treatments are increasingly using ambulatory endovenous procedures under local anesthesia. Despite their safety and feasibility, these procedures may induce significant psychological distress, a concern not currently addressed by exist guidelines. This study investigates the necessity for family presence (FP) during endovenous procedures and its effects on the disease treatment process, hypothesizing that FP can provide emotional support and enhance patient trust in medical staff.

Improvement of sleep disorders through the adenosine A receptor agonist effect of Turczaninow root extract in pentobarbital-induced ICR mice.

Unlabelled: Sleep deprivation is a serious problem that deteriorates the health, quality of life, and social productivity of affected individuals. Research on safe and effective plant-based materials should be performed to help alleviate sleep disorders. Turczaninow is a domestic plant in South Korea that has been used traditionally as a medicine to treat sleep disorders.

Enhanced and Prolonged Immunogenicity in Mice of Thermally Stabilized Fatty Acid-Conjugated Vaccine Antigen.

Background/objectives: Influenza vaccines require good thermal stability without the need for refrigerator storage. Although the fatty acid-conjugated hemagglutinin (Heg) vaccine antigen provides good stability in both solid and liquid states, its therapeutic effectiveness must be validated in vivo. This study aimed to investigate the immunogenicity of the thermally stabilized Heg-oleic acid conjugate (HOC) and compare it with native Heg as a reference.

Effects of NET-2201 ( L. cv.) on brown adipose tissue activation and white adipose tissue browning in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice.

Unlabelled: The present study explored the anti-obesity effects of NET-2201 ( L. cv.), a non-pungent cultivated variety of chili pepper, and its underlying molecular mechanism in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.

Cyanoacrylate Glue Ablation for Symptomatic Reflux in a Duplicated Femoral Vein: A Case Report.

The literature on minimally invasive techniques specifically targeting reflux in symptomatic femoral vein duplication (FVD) is limited. We present a rare case of symptomatic reflux in FVD, successfully treated with cyanoacrylate glue ablation under ultrasonographic guidance. Our findings suggest that the unique anatomy of FVD can be effectively addressed through percutaneous endovenous glue ablation, providing a technically safe and feasible alternative without open surgery.

Mechanism for Site-Selective Hydroboration of C Fullerene with Borane by DFT-D3 Study.

We studied the hydroboration of the C fullerene using both B3LYP-D3(BJ)/6-311G(d,p) and M06-2X-D3/6-311G(d,p) levels of theory, incorporating the empirical dispersion interaction, and Fukui index calculations. Potential energy surfaces (PESs) and Gibbs free energy surfaces (GFESs) were calculated for the pathways from four BH adducts (located at the , , , and sites) on the C to eight products formed by the 1,2-addition of BH across the four [6,6]-ring fused bonds (, , , and ) and across the two [5,6]-ring fused bonds ( and ). These pathways are two-step consecutive reactions.

A structure-based mechanism of adenosylcobinamide kinase/adenosylcobinamide phosphate guanylyltransferase (MpaCobU) from Methylocapsa palsarum.

Adenosylcobinamide kinase/adenosylcobinamide phosphate guanylyltransferase (CobU) is one of the key enzymes that participate in the biosynthesis of cobalamin, specifically lining the lower ligand 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole in the α-position of cyclic tetrapyrrolidine. During this process, CobU exhibits two distinct activities: kinase and nucleotidyl transferase, using two nucleoside triphosphates. A structural study of CobU from Salmonella typhimurium showed that guanosine triphosphate binding induces a conformational rearrangement of helix 2.

Safety and immunogenicity of the Euvichol-S oral cholera vaccine for prevention of Vibrio cholerae O1 infection in Nepal: an observer-blind, active-controlled, randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial.

Background: In October, 2017, WHO launched a strategy to eliminate cholera by 2030. A primary challenge in meeting this goal is the limited global supply capacity of oral cholera vaccine and the worsening of cholera outbreaks since 2021. To help address the current shortage of oral cholera vaccine, a WHO prequalified oral cholera vaccine, Euvichol-Plus was reformulated by reducing the number of components and inactivation methods.

Effects of Mitochondrial Transplantation on Transcriptomics in a Polymicrobial Sepsis Model.

Previously, we demonstrated that mitochondrial transplantation has beneficial effects in a polymicrobial sepsis model. However, the mechanism has not been fully investigated. Mitochondria have their own genes, and genomic changes in sepsis are an important issue in terms of pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the Arctic fairy shrimp (Müller, 1788) (Anostraca, Branchinectidae) from Sirius Passet, North Greenland.

Here we report the complete mitochondrial genome of the Arctic fairy shrimp, (Müller, 1788) (Anostraca, Branchinectidae), which was collected in the High Arctic of North Greenland. A complete 16,059 bp mitochondrion of was sequenced and assembled with the Illumina next generation sequencing platform. The mitogenome contains 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs and 2 rRNA genes that are commonly observed in most metazoans and shows the conserved gene arrangement pattern of Anostraca.

The Mediating Effects of Food Content Watching Motivation on the between Watching Time and Nutrition Quotient of Adolescents in Seoul, Korea.

Food-related content varies widely and is increasingly popular. Using various media, teenagers can easily access food content, which could affect they eating habits. This study was conducted to confirm the effects of watching motivation on the relationship between food content watching time and eating habits among adolescents in Seoul, Korea.

Improving the EMI shielding of graphene oxide (GNO)-coated glass-fiber-GNO-MA-grafted polypropylene (PP) composites and nylon 1D-2D nanocomposite foams.

The proliferation of the latest electronic gadgets and wireless communication devices can trigger electromagnetic interference (EMI), which has a detrimental impact on electronic devices and humans. Efficient EMI shielding materials are required for EMI-SE and they should be durable in external environments, lightweight, and cost-effective. GNO-coated glass-fiber-GNO-maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) composite and carbon fiber-reinforced nylon 1D-2D nanocomposite foam were successfully prepared a cost-effective thermal process.

Freezing-enhanced oxidation of iodide by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of antifreeze proteins from the Arctic yeast Leucosporidium sp.AY30.

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs), originating from Arctic or Antarctic microorganisms, have freeze-inhibiting characteristics, allowing these organisms to survive in polar regions. Despite their significance in polar environments, the mechanism through which IBPs affect the chemical reactions in ice by controlling ice crystal formation has not yet been reported. In this study, a new mechanism for iodide (I) activation into triiodide (I), which is the abundant iodine species in seawater, by using hydrogen peroxide (HO) in a frozen solution with IBPs was developed.

Reductive Transformation of Hexavalent Chromium in Ice Decreases Chromium Toxicity in Aquatic Animals.

In this study, the toxicity of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] reduced by citric acid in ice was measured using representative aquatic model invertebrates (, rotifer, water flea, amphipod, and polychaete) and a vertebrate (zebrafish) by analyzing short- and/or long-term endpoints that are frequently applied to each animal. Cr(VI) reduction in the presence of citric acid was markedly enhanced in the ice phase compared to that in an aqueous solution through the freeze concentration effect. The highly concentrated Cr(VI) and citric acid in ice grain boundaries were also confirmed using cryogenic confocal Raman spectroscopy.

Acridine Based Small Molecular Hole Transport Type Materials for Phosphorescent OLED Application.

Two small molecular hole-transporting type materials, namely 4-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9)-yl)--(4-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9)-yl)phenyl)--phenylaniline (TPA-2ACR) and 10,10'-(9-phenyl-9-carbazole-3,6-diyl)bis(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine) (PhCAR-2ACR), were designed and synthesized using a single-step Buchwald-Hartwig amination between the dimethyl acridine and triphenylamine or carbazole moieties. Both materials showed high thermal decomposition temperatures of 402 and 422 °C at 5% weight reduction for PhCAR-2ACR and TPA-2ACR, respectively. TPA-2ACR as hole-transporting material exhibited excellent current, power, and external quantum efficiencies of 55.

Optimal delipidation solvent to secure extracellular matrix from human perirenal adipose tissue.

The objective of this study was to select the optimal delipidation solvent for preparation of human perirenal adipose tissue-derived extracellular matrix (ECM). Human perirenal adipose tissue can be obtained in large amounts during surgery, and it can be an alternative source of human ECM. Delipidation is an essential procedure for the ECM preparation, because lipid strongly inhibits regeneration of target tissue.

Modeling of endothelial cell dysfunction using human induced pluripotent stem cells derived from patients with end-stage renal disease.

Background: Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is a frequent feature in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of this study was to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells, differentiate ECs (hiPSC-ECs) from patients with ESRD, and appraise the usefulness of hiPSC-ECs as a model to investigate EC dysfunction.

Methods: We generated hiPSCs using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from three patients with ESRD and three healthy controls (HCs).

The complete mitochondrial genome of the terebellid polychaete (Terebellida; Terebellidae).

Here, we report the complete mitogenome information of the terebellid polychaete, (Schmarda, 1861). Genome sequencing by Illumina HiSeq platform permitted assembly of a circular mitochondrial genome of 15,628 bp from consisting of 67% AT nucleotides, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and a non-coding region in the typical annelid gene composition. Gene order of the mitochondrion is identical to those of the Terebelliformia mitogenomes.

Physiological and molecular responses of the Antarctic harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus kingsejongensis to salinity fluctuations - A multigenerational study.

Since Antarctica and the surrounding Southern Ocean are facing global climate change, biota inhabiting those coastal regions is now challenged by environmental fluctuations including coastal freshening. In this study, the effects of salinity range of 0-75 (practical salinity unit, PSU) on the Antarctic harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus kingsejongensis was investigated by measurement of 96 h survival rate, lifespan, and sex ratio with further analysis of multigenerational growth parameters and mRNA expressions under salinity of 15-45. Different stages of the copepods (i.

Alleviation of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by exosomes from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Background/aims: Renal ischemia followed by reperfusion (I/R) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is closely associated with high morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown that induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) exert powerful therapeutic effects in renal ischemia. However, the efficacy of iMSC-derived exosomes (iExo) on I/R injuries remains largely unknown.