Wide spectral range refractive indices of BBO crystal covering 0.2-2000 THz.

Wide-range dispersive refractive indices from 0.2 to 2000 THz of the barium borate (BBO) crystal have been attained through joint research by density functional theory calculations and measurements by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and minimum deviation methods in the THz and infrared-visible-ultraviolet (UV) and deep UV range. New parameters of the Sellmeier equations in the transparent windows in the IR to DUV and THz range are obtained by the least square fittings of the measured refractive indices together with the calculated data.

Rutin alleviates heat stress induced hepatic abnormal lipid metabolism of broilers via improving antioxidant capacity to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis.

Heat stress (HS) leads to abnormal lipid metabolism in broilers, while rutin as a natural flavonoid with multiple biological functions shows potential to regulate antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of rutin supplementation on antioxidant and lipid metabolism functions in heat-stress broilers and to further explore its potential mechanisms. A total of 192 male broilers were randomly divided into three groups and treated with normal control (CON), heat stress (34 °C, HS), and HS with 500 mg kg rutin supplementation (HS + Rutin), respectively.

A self-reporting electrochemical sensor for carbendazim in food based on magnetic molecularly imprinted MOFs.

A novel electrochemical sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of carbendazim (CBD) in food was proposed in this study. Initially, a three-dimensional carbon composite material (CCM) was formed by simultaneously modifying reduced graphene oxide and reduced graphene nanoribbons on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to enhance sensitivity and serve as a stable sensing platform. Then copper nanoparticles were electrodeposited on CCM/GCE, and cyclic voltammetry scanning was performed in potassium ferrocyanide solution to deposit copper-based Prussian blue analogue on CCM/GCE, further improving the sensitivity of the sensor while giving the ability to self-report.

Dietary Rutin Ameliorates Nanoparticle Zinc Oxide-Induced Toxicity in Mice by Potentiating Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms.

In animal production, nanoparticulate zinc oxide exhibits synergistic antibacterial efficacy coupled with growth-promoting effects, positioning itself as a novel antibiotic alternative with enhanced biosafety profiles. However, its dose-dependent toxicity poses challenges. The experimental design sought to quantify the protective effects of dietary rutin against zinc-overload-induced damage.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the incidence of infectious events in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Background: Infection is a leading cause of mortality in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting severe infection risk in IIM patients.

Methods: Patients with IIMs admitted to Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, from January 2015 to January 2022 were enrolled.

Enhanced hepatic exposure and toxicity from concurrent administration of coumarin and bakuchiol in psoralea corylifolia L. under LPS-induced immune stress.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Psoralea corylifolia L., known as "Bu Gu Zhi" in traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is traditionally employed to treat conditions such as vitiligo, osteoporosis, and various skin diseases.

Interlayer Parallel Connection of Multiple Helmholtz Resonators for Optional Broadband Low Frequency Sound Absorption.

The Helmholtz resonance acoustic metamaterial is an effective sound absorber in the field of noise reduction, especially in the low-frequency domain. To overcome the conflict between the number of Helmholtz resonators and the volume of the rear cavity for each chamber with a given front area of single-layer metamaterial, a novel acoustic metamaterial of interlayer parallel connection of multiple Helmholtz resonators (IPC-MHR) is proposed in this study. The developed IPC-MHR consists of several layers, and the Helmholtz resonators among different layers are connected in parallel.

EvaluationMaster: A GUI Tool for Structure-Based Virtual Screening Evaluation Analysis and Decision-Making Support.

Structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) plays an indispensable role in the early phases of drug discovery, utilizing computational docking techniques to predict interactions between molecules and biological targets. During the SBVS process, selecting appropriate target structures and screening algorithms is crucial, as these choices significantly shape the outcomes. Typically, such selections require researchers to be proficient with multiple algorithms and familiar with evaluation and analysis processes, complicating their tasks.

Construction of an electrochemical sensor based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer-zeolite imidazole framework-8 for detection of 3,4-benzopyrene.

A novel molecular-imprinted electrochemical sensor for 3,4-benzopyrene (3, 4-BaP) in food samples, with high sensitivity and selective detection, is introduced. Firstly, graphene oxide was modified onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by electroreduction deposition to form an RGO/GCE sensing platform, thereby enhancing the sensitivity and stability of the sensor. Then, magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer-zeolite imidazole framework-8 (MMIP-ZIF-8) was synthesized in one step using the crystal growth method and modified onto RGO/GCE, endowing the sensor with good adsorption capacity and selectivity.

Blocking of Tim-3 Ameliorates Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibiting Neuroinflammation and Promoting M1-to-M2 Phenotypic Polarization of Microglia.

Background: Blocking of Tim-3 exerts therapeutic effects in a series of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).

Methods: In this work, a cross-clamped aortic arch was conducted to establish SCIRI rat model. Besides, rat spinal microglia was subjected to OGD/R to mimic I/R-like conditions in vitro.

Salidroside facilitates neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke by promoting axonal sprouting through promoting autophagy.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease characterized by high incidence, disability, mortality, and recurrence. The limitations of current pharmacological treatments, which have primarily single neuroprotective action and a narrow therapeutic time window, lead to unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Activation of autophagy can facilitate neural regeneration.

Realizing Multi-Parameter Measurement Using PT-Symmetric Sensors.

With the rapid development in sensor network technology, the complexity and diversity of application scenarios have put forward more and more new requirements for inductor-capacitor () sensors, for instance, multi-parameter simultaneous monitoring. Here, the parity-time (PT) symmetry concept in quantum mechanics is applied to passive wireless sensing. Two or even three parameters can be monitored simultaneously by observing the frequency response of the reflection coefficient at the end of the readout circuit.

KnoMol: A Knowledge-Enhanced Graph Transformer for Molecular Property Prediction.

Molecular property prediction (MPP) techniques are pivotal in reducing drug development costs by preemptively predicting bioactivity and ADMET properties. Despite the application of numerous deep learning approaches, enhancing the representational capacity of these models remains a significant challenge. This paper presents a novel knowledge-based Transformer framework, KnoMol, designed to improve the understanding of molecular structures.

Balanced air-biased detection of terahertz waveforms.

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, balanced air-biased coherent detection scheme for capturing ultrabroadband terahertz (THz) waveforms is implemented. The balanced detection scheme allows for coherent detection at the full repetition rate of the laser system without requiring bias modulation, signal generators, or lock-in amplifiers while doubling the dynamic range and quadrupling the signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional air-biased coherent detection. These advantages are achieved by rotating the bias electrodes by 90° relative to the conventional scheme.

The Electrocatalytic Role of Oxygen Vacancy in Nitrate Reduction Reactions.

Ammonia, with high energy density and easy transportation, holds significant potential to become an integral part of future energy systems. Among tremendous strategies, electrocatalytic ammonia production is no doubt an efficient and eco-friendly method. One particularly intriguing class of electrocatalysts for reducing nitrate to ammonia is transition metal oxides, which have been heavily researched.

Recent advances in ratiometric electrochemical sensors for food analysis.

Ratiometric electrochemical sensors are renowned for their dual-signal processing capabilities, enabling automatic correction of background noise and interferences through built-in calibration, thus providing more accurate and reproducible measurements. This characteristic makes them highly promising for food analysis. This review comprehensively summarizes and discusses the latest advancements in ratiometric electrochemical sensors and their applications in food analysis, emphasizing their design strategies, detection capabilities, and practical uses.

Microglia contribute to polyG-dependent neurodegeneration in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease.

Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of GGC trinucleotide repeats in NOTCH2NLC gene. Despite identifying uN2CpolyG, a toxic polyglycine (polyG) protein translated by expanded GGC repeats, the exact pathogenic mechanisms of NIID remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of polyG by expressing various forms of NOTCH2NLC in mice: the wild-type, the expanded form with 100 GGC repeats (either translating or not translating into uN2CpolyG), and the mutated form that encodes a pure polyG without GGC-repeat RNA and the C-terminal stretch (uN2CpolyG-dCT).

Toll-like receptor 4-dependent innate immune responses are mediated by intracrine corticosteroids and activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in astrocytes.

Reactive astrocytes are important pathophysiologically and synthesize neurosteroids. We observed that LPS increased immunoreactive TLR4 and key steroidogenic enzymes in cortical astrocytes of rats and investigated whether corticosteroids are produced and mediate astrocytic TLR4-dependent innate immune responses. We found that LPS increased steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and StAR-dependent aldosterone production in purified astrocytes.

Diamond with Sp-Sp composite phase for thermometry at Millikelvin temperatures.

Temperature is one of the seven fundamental physical quantities. The ability to measure temperatures approaching absolute zero has driven numerous advances in low-temperature physics and quantum physics. Currently, millikelvin temperatures and below are measured through the characterization of a certain thermal state of the system as there is no traditional thermometer capable of measuring temperatures at such low levels.

Reversible encephalitis-like episodes in fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome: a case report.

Background: Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by CGG repeat expansion of FMR1 gene. Both FXTAS and neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) belong to polyglycine diseases and present similar clinical, radiological, and pathological features, making it difficult to distinguish these diseases. Reversible encephalitis-like attacks are often observed in NIID.

Construction of a self-reporting molecularly-imprinted electrochemical sensor based on CuHCF modified by rGNR-rGO for the detection of zearalenone.

A self-reporting molecularly-imprinted electrochemical sensor is prepared for the detection of Zearalenone (ZEA). Firstly, the reduced graphene nanoribbons and reduced graphene oxide (rGNR-rGO) were simultaneously modified onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to improve the sensor's sensitivity. After electrodepositing copper nanoparticles onto the rGNR-rGO/GCE, cyclic voltammetry scanning was performed in potassium ferrocyanide solution, and copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) was deposited onto rGNR-rGO/GCE to further improve the sensor's sensitivity while giving it self-reporting capability.

Efficacy of borneol-gypsum in skin regeneration and pain control in toxic epidermal necrolysis: A case report.

Background: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a life-threatening dermatological emergency mainly induced by drug hypersensitivity reactions. Standard management includes discontinuation of culprit drug and application of immunomodulatory therapy. However, mortality remains high due to complications like septic shock and multiorgan failures.

Salidroside directly activates HSC70, revealing a new role for HSC70 in BDNF signalling and neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia.

Salidroside, a principal bioactive component of Rhodiola crenulata, is neuroprotective across a wide time window in stroke models. We investigated whether salidroside induced neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia and aimed to identify its primary molecular targets. Rats, subjected to transient 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), received intraperitoneal vehicle or salidroside ± intracerebroventricular HSC70 inhibitor VER155008 or TrkB inhibitor ANA-12 for up to 7 days.