The influence of flocculation upon global gene transcription in a yeast mutant.

The transcriptome from a deletion mutant was one of the first comprehensive yeast transcriptomes published. Subsequent transcriptomes from and mutants firmly established the Tup1-Cyc8 complex as predominantly acting as a repressor of gene transcription. However, transcriptomes from gene deletion or conditional mutants would all have been influenced by the striking flocculation phenotypes that these mutants display.

Rice straw based silicon nanoparticles improve morphological and nutrient profile of rice plants under salinity stress by triggering physiological and genetic repair mechanisms.

The agricultural sector is facing numerous challenges worldwide, owing to global climate change and limited resources. Crop production is limited by numerous abiotic constraints. Among them, salinity stress as a combination of osmotic and ionic stress adversely influences the physiological and biochemical processes of the plant.

Exogenous application of low and high molecular weight organic acids differentially affected the uptake of cadmium in wheat-rice cropping system in alkaline calcareous soil.

Anthropogenic cadmium (Cd) in arable soils is becoming a global concern due to its harmful effects on crop yield and quality. The current study examined the role of exogenously applied low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) including oxalic acid (OxA), tartaric acid (TA) and high molecular weight organic acids (HMWOAs) like citric acid (CA) and humic acid (HA) for the bioavailability of Cd in wheat-rice cropping system. Maximum increase in root dry-weight, shoot dry-weight, and grain/paddy yields was recorded with HA for both crops.

Biomass and Leaf Nutrition Contents of Selected Grass and Legume Species in High Altitude Rangelands of Kashmir Himalaya Valley (Jammu & Kashmir), India.

The yield and nutritional profile of grass and legume species in Kashmir Valley's rangelands are scantly reported. The study area in this paper included three types of sites (grazed, protected, and seed-sown) divided into three circles: northern, central, and southern Kashmir. From each circle, three districts and three villages per district were selected.

Synthesis, characterization and antifungal potential of titanium dioxide nanoparticles against fungal disease (Ustilago tritici) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Nanoparticles (NPs) preparation using a green as well as environmentally acceptable processes has achieved a lot of attention in recent decade. The current study compared the synthesis of titania (TiO) nanoparticles synthesized from leaf extracts of two plant species (Trianthema portulacastrum, Chenopodium quinoa) and traditional approach by chemical preparation. The effects of no calcination on the physical characteristics of TiO NPs as well as their antifungal effects were examined and compared with the already reported calcinated TiO NPs.

Effects of silicon nanoparticles and conventional Si amendments on growth and nutrient accumulation by maize (Zea mays L.) grown in saline-sodic soil.

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses in arid and semiarid climates which threatens the food security of the world. Present study had been designed to assess the efficacy of different abiogenic sources of silicon (Si) to mitigate the salinity stress on maize crop grown on salt-affected soil. Abiogenic sources of Si including silicic acid (SA), sodium silicate (Na-Si), potassium silicate (K-Si), and nanoparticles of silicon (NPs-Si) were applied in saline-sodic soil.

Differential response of nano zinc sulphate with other conventional sources of Zn in mitigating salinity stress in rice grown on saline-sodic soil.

Salinization causes the degradation of the soil and threatening the global food security but the application of essential micronutrients like zinc (Zn), improve the plant growth by stabilizing the plant cell and root development. Keeping in view the above-mentioned scenario, an experiment was conducted to compare the efficiency of conventional Zn fertilizers like zinc sulphate (ZnSO), zinc ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (Zn-EDTA) and advance nano Zn fertilizers such as zinc sulphate nanoparticles (ZnSONPs), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) (applied at the rate of 5 and 10 mg/kg) in saline-sodic soil. Results revealed that the maximum plant height (67%), spike length (72%), root length (162%), number of tillers (71%), paddy weight (100%), shoot dry weight (158%), and root dry weight (119%) was found in ZnSONPs applied at the rate of 10 mg/kg (ZnSONPs-10) as compared to salt-affected control (SAC).

Immobilization of metribuzin-degrading bacteria on biochar: Enhanced soil remediation and bacterial community restoration.

Metribuzin (MB), a triazinone herbicide is extensively sprayed for weed control in agriculture, has been reported to contaminate soil, groundwater, and surface waters. In soil, MB residues can negatively affect not only the germination of subsequent crops but also disturb soil bacterial community. The present study describes the use of biochar as a carrier material to immobilize MB-degrading bacterial consortium, for remediation of MB-contaminated soil and restoration of soil bacterial community in soil microcosms.

Rebalancing Nutrients, Reinforcing Antioxidant and Osmoregulatory Capacity, and Improving Yield Quality in Drought-Stressed by Foliar Application of a Bee-Honey Solution.

Bee-honey solution (BHS) is considered a plant growth multi-biostimulator because it is rich in osmoprotectants, antioxidants, vitamins, and mineral nutrients that can promote drought stress (DtS) resistance in common bean plants. As a novel strategy, BHS has been used in a few studies, which shows that the application of BHS can overcome the stress effects on plant productivity and can contribute significantly to bridging the gap between agricultural production and the steady increase in population under climate changes. Under sufficient watering (SW (100% of crop evapotranspiration; ETc) and DtS (60% of ETc)), the enhancing impacts of foliar application with BHS (0%, 0.

Effect of farmyard manure, elemental sulphur and EDTA on growth and phytoextraction of cadmium by spider plants (Chlorophytum comosum L.) under Cd stress.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination is considered as a widespread concern at global scale which is serious threats to human health. Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly approach which can remove or immobilize Cd from the soil. Different organic and inorganic amendments can potentially enhance Cd phytoremediation efficiency but the comparison of farmyard manure (FM), elemental sulphur (S) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for Cd phytoremediation through spider plants (Chlorophytum comosum L.

Impact of climate change on agricultural production; Issues, challenges, and opportunities in Asia.

Agricultural production is under threat due to climate change in food insecure regions, especially in Asian countries. Various climate-driven extremes, i.e.

Comprehensive Impacts of Climate Change on Rice Production and Adaptive Strategies in China.

The rice production system is one of the most climate change sensitive agro-ecosystems. This paper reviews the effects of current and future climate change on rice production in China. In recent decades, thermal resources have increased during the rice growing season, while solar radiation resources have decreased, and precipitation heterogeneity has increased.

Soaking Maize Seeds in Zeatin-Type Cytokinin Biostimulators Improves Salt Tolerance by Enhancing the Antioxidant System and Photosynthetic Efficiency.

There is an urgent need for innovative strategies to raise the performance of environmentally stressed plants. The seeds of single-cross yellow (L.) hybrid Giza-168 were soaked in -(--Ck) or -zeatin-type cytokinin (--Ck) solutions at a concentration of 50 or 40 µM, respectively.

Differential Uptake and Translocation of Cadmium and Lead by Quinoa: A Multivariate Comparison of Physiological and Oxidative Stress Responses.

Contamination of soils with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) has emerged as a serious environmental issue that reduces crop productivity. However, the metals tolerance and accumulation potential of quinoa ( Willd) under the combined stress of Cd and Pb has not yet been explored. In the present hydroponic study, the physiological and biochemical characteristics of quinoa exposed to Cd and Pb were explored.

Enriching Urea with Nitrogen Inhibitors Improves Growth, N Uptake and Seed Yield in Quinoa ( Willd) Affecting Photochemical Efficiency and Nitrate Reductase Activity.

Quinoa is a climate resilience potential crop for food security due to high nutritive value. However, crop variable response to nitrogen (N) use efficiency may lead to affect grain quality and yield. This study compared the performance of contrasting quinoa genotypes (UAF Q-7, EMS-line and JQH1) to fertilizer urea enriched with urease and nitrification inhibitors (NIs; 1% (/) thiourea + boric acid + sodium thiosulphate), ordinary urea and with no N as control.

Alleviating lead-induced phytotoxicity and enhancing the phytoremediation of castor bean ( L.) by glutathione application: new insights into the mechanisms regulating antioxidants, gas exchange and lead uptake.

Heavy metals pollution represents a serious issue for cultivable lands and ultimately threatens the worldwide food security. Lead (Pb) is a menacing metal which induces toxicity in plants and humans. Lead toxicity reduces the photosynthesis in plants, resulting in the reduction of plant growth and biomass.

Comparative Study on Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of an Epiphyte, L. (White Berry Mistletoe), Derived from Different Host Trees.

The study aimed at evaluating the antioxidant profile of a medicinal epiphyte L. harvested from three tree species, namely, L, L., and L.

Effect of gibberellic acid and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on growth, antioxidant defense system and mineral nutrient uptake in wheat.

Nanoparticles (NPs), as a novel source of industrial materials, have been extensively used in recent years which ultimately ends up in soils and may cause toxic effects on plants. Gibberellic acid (GA), phytohormone, has ability to minimize abiotic stresses in plants. The role of GA in minimizing titanium dioxide (TiO) NPs stress in plants is still unknown.

Efficacy of Lemna minor and Typha latifolia for the treatment of textile industry wastewater in a constructed wetland under citric acid amendment: A lab scale study.

Lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) are one of the most harmful heavy metals (HMs), entering into the food chain through the irrigation of crops with an industrial effluent. The present study was performed to evaluate the toxic effects of textile effluents and performance of citric acid (CA) on phytoextraction potential of Lemna minor L. and Typha latifolia L.

Application of beet sugar byproducts improves sugar beet biofortification in saline soils and reduces sugar losses in beet sugar processing.

Improving the chemical and physical properties of saline soils is crucial for the sustainable production of sugar beet and efficient processing of beet sugar. Here, the impacts of the application of treated filter cake on sugar beet biofortification under saline soil and sugar losses into molasses during beet sugar processing were evaluated for the first time. The application of treated filter cake significantly reduced K%, Na%, and α-amino-N while enhanced sucrose content and quality index of beet root juice.

Sequenced application of glutathione as an antioxidant with an organic biostimulant improves physiological and metabolic adaptation to salinity in wheat.

Globally, salinity threatens the agricultural crops productivity by inhibiting plant growth and development through osmotic stress and ionic cytotoxicity. The polygenic nature of salinity offers several pragmatic shotgun approaches to improve salinity tolerance. The present study investigated the potential of glutathione (GSH; 1 mM) as an antioxidant and moringa leaf extract (MLE; 3%) as an organic biostimulant applied in sequence as seed priming and foliar spray on wheat growth, physiology and metabolic adaptation under saline conditions (9.

Accumulation potential and tolerance response of Typha latifolia L. under citric acid assisted phytoextraction of lead and mercury.

Chelate-assisted phytoextraction by high biomass producing macrophyte plant Typha latifolia L. commonly known as cattail, is gaining much attention worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of Lead (Pb) and Mercury (Hg) on physiology and biochemistry of plant, Pb and Hg uptake in T.