An annotated morphological dataset for Uzbek word forms: Towards rule-based and machine learning approaches.

This research paper presents a morphologically annotated dataset for the Uzbek language, specifically designed for morphological analysis algorithms. The dataset contains 3022 manually annotated word forms, each annotated with root, affix, and part-of-speech information. Two morphological analysis approaches were implemented and compared: a user-defined rule-based stemming algorithm and a conditional random fields (CRF)-based machine learning model.

Plant-based traditional remedies and their role in public health: ethnomedicinal perspectives for a growing population.

Background: Traditional plant-based remedies remain essential to public health, especially in regions where formal healthcare access is limited. This study documents ethnomedicinal practices in Tehsil Hasilpur, Punjab, Pakistan, highlighting how growing and diverse populations utilize local flora for therapeutic purposes.

Methods: A total of 421 informants (247 males, 174 females) across 39 villages contributed to the documentation of 39 medicinal plant species from 19 botanical families.

Adaptive responses of trees to industrial pollution: modulation of leaf anatomical, physio-biochemical, and heavy metal accumulation traits in urban biotopes.

Urbanization and industrialization have introduced complex environmental challenges, particularly concerning air pollution caused by industrial emissions. This study evaluates the adaptive responses of Cassia fistula, Pongamia pinnata, Ficus religiosa, and Ficus virens in polluted urban-industrial environments. Data was collected from five urban biotopes, including residential area (control) and industrial zones: crockery (site 1), iron and steel (site 2), sanitary (site 3), and auto parts industries (site 4), on the growth of broadleaved tree species.

Selective synthesis of β-TaON: The critical influence of oxygen partial pressure in ammonolysis.

Tantalum oxynitride (TaON), a member of the transition metal oxynitride family, shows strong potential for solar water splitting due to its tunable optoelectronic properties and visible-light absorption. However, the selective synthesis of thermodynamically stable β-TaON with high phase purity remains challenging because of competing phase formation and sensitivity to processing conditions. In this study, we demonstrate a systematic approach to synthesizing β-TaON by precisely controlling the oxygen partial pressure during the ammonolysis of TaO.

Nickel Oxide/Cobalt Phthalocyanine as a Hole Transport Bilayer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

This study demonstrates that the use of bilayer films based on nickel oxide (NiO;) and cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) represents a promising hole transport layer (HTLs) for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). NiO; films are fabricated using the spin-coating method from a sol-gel solution. Films (CoPc) and nanowires (CoPc) on the NiO; surface are produced by thermal sputtering and physical gradient-temperature vapor deposition.

Synergistic Effects of 5-Ureidohydantoin, Rhizobacteria and Non-wood-Based Biochar on Barley Productivity Under Drought and Multiple Toxic Metals Stress.

Barely (Hordeum vulgare L.), an essential crop accounting for roughly 15% of global caloric consumption, confronts substantial risks from toxic metal pollution, especially drought stress, (Pb) and mercury (Hg) stress, endangering global food safety. The current research sought to examine synergistic impacts of abovementioned stressors and efficacy of 5-ureidohydantoin, rhizobacteria and non-wood-based biochar in promoting barley growth.

Enhancing xylene degradation by core-shell TS-1@TiO in a bubble reactor with ultraviolet/HO.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere pose a critical global challenge due to their detrimental health effects. The ultraviolet (UV)/Fenton-like system has shown promise for VOC degradation. However, maintaining long-term catalytic efficiency by minimizing intermediate byproduct accumulation remains key challenges.

Suppressed Defects and Improved Stability of All-Inorganic CsSnI Films by Solid Additive-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition Process.

All-inorganic Sn-based halide perovskite CsSnI is a promising candidate for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to its narrower bandgap (≈1.3 eV) and lower toxicity as compared with traditional organic-inorganic hybrid Pb-based counterparts. However, CsSnI rapidly degrades in ambient air and simultaneously generates intrinsic defect states, thus seriously impairing the optoelectronic property of the film, as well as the corresponding device performance.

Development and Characterization of Polymeric Films Loaded with Terbinafine for Fungal Infection Treatment.

Topical approaches to dermatophytosis have the advantage of targeted therapy and minimal side effects and are patient-friendly. The present study focused on obtaining thin, flexible, and transparent bioadhesive polymeric films loaded with terbinafine hydrochloride (TH), in order to be administered to the skin affected by fungal infection. Polymeric films based on pullulan (P), oxidized pullulan (T-OP), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), and glycerin were obtained by the casting and evaporation technique, and the solubility of the drug was significantly increased by micellar solubilization with Tween-80, thus avoiding the use of organic solvents.

Synthesis, crystal structure, and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 1,3-di-hydro-2-benzimidazol-2-iminium 3-carb-oxy-4-hy-droxy-benzene-sulfonate.

The asymmetric unit of the title salt, CHN ·CHOS, comprises two 1,3-di-hydro-2-benzimidazol-2-iminium cations and two 2-hy-droxy-5-sulfobenzoate anions (' = 2). In the crystal, the mol-ecules inter-act through N-H⋯O, O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-O⋯π contacts. The hydrogen-bonding inter-actions lead to the formation of layers parallel to (01).

Correlating Cu dopant concentration, optoelectronic properties, and photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures: experimental and theoretical insights.

The photocatalytic activity of photocatalysts can be enhanced by cation doping, and the dopant concentration plays a key role in achieving high efficiency. This study explores the impact of copper (Cu) doping at concentrations ranging from 0% to 10% on the microstructural, optical, electronic, and photocatalytic properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures. The x-ray diffraction analysis shows a non-linear alteration in the lattice parameters with increasing the Cu content and the formation of CuO as a secondary phase at the Cu concentration of >3%.

Highly sensitive two-dimensional profiling of N-linked glycans by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and dual stacking capillary gel electrophoresis.

Background: N-Glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications in proteins. As the N-glycan profiles in biological samples are diverse and change according to the pathological condition, various profiling methods have been developed, such as liquid chromatography (LC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and mass spectrometry. However, conventional analytical methods have limitations in sensitivity and/or resolution, hindering the discovery of minor but specific N-glycans that are important both in the basic glycobiology research and in the medical application as biomarkers.

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of [1-(4-bromo-phen-yl)-1-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]methyl 2-(4-nitro-phen-oxy)acetate.

The title compound, CHBrNO, was synthesized by a CuBr-catalysed Meldal-Sharpless reaction between 4-nitro-phen-oxy-acetic acid propargyl ether and -bromo-phenyl-azide, and characterized by X-ray structure determination and H NMR spectroscopy. The mol-ecules, with a near-perpendicular orientation of the bromo-phenyl-triazole and nitro-phen-oxy-acetate fragments, are connected into a three-dimensional network by inter-molecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds (confirmed by Hirshfeld surface analysis), π-π and Br-π inter-actions.

The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Systemic Effects Mediated by Parathormone in the Context of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stands as a prominent non-communicable ailment, significantly impacting life expectancy. Physiopathology stands mainly upon the triangle represented by parathormone-Vitamin D-Fibroblast Growth Factor-23. Parathormone (PTH), the key hormone in mineral homeostasis, is one of the less easily modifiable parameters in CKD; however, it stands as a significant marker for assessing the risk of complications.

Beef muscle discrimination based on two-trace two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2T2D COS) combined with snapshot visible-near infrared multispectral imaging.

The purpose of this work was to assess the potential of 2T2D COS PLS-DA (two-trace two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy and partial least squares discriminant analysis) in conjunction with Visible Near infrared multispectral imaging (MSI) as a quick, non-destructive, and precise technique for classifying three beef muscles -Longissimus thoracis, Semimembranosus, and Biceps femoris- obtained from three breeds - the Blonde d'Aquitaine, Limousine, and Aberdeen Angus. The experiment was performed on 240 muscle samples. Before performing PLS-DA, spectra were extracted from MSI images and processed by SNV (Standard Normal Variate), MSC (Multivariate Scattering Correction) or AREA (area under curve equal 1) and converted in synchronous and asynchronous 2T2D COS maps.

A Holographic-Type Model in the Description of Polymer-Drug Delivery Processes.

A unitary model of drug release dynamics is proposed, assuming that the polymer-drug system can be assimilated into a multifractal mathematical object. Then, we made a description of drug release dynamics that implies, via Scale Relativity Theory, the functionality of continuous and undifferentiable curves (fractal or multifractal curves), possibly leading to holographic-like behaviors. At such a conjuncture, the Schrödinger and Madelung multifractal scenarios become compatible: in the Schrödinger multifractal scenario, various modes of drug release can be "mimicked" (via period doubling, damped oscillations, modulated and "chaotic" regimes), while the Madelung multifractal scenario involves multifractal diffusion laws (Fickian and non-Fickian diffusions).

Oncolytic Virotherapy: A New Paradigm in Cancer Immunotherapy.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as potential treatment options for cancer. Natural and genetically engineered viruses exhibit various antitumor mechanisms. OVs act by direct cytolysis, the potentiation of the immune system through antigen release, and the activation of inflammatory responses or indirectly by interference with different types of elements in the tumor microenvironment, modification of energy metabolism in tumor cells, and antiangiogenic action.

Biochemical basis of resistance to multiple contaminations in the native and invasive populations of Dreissena polymorpha.

The zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) is an invasive species and a valuable bioindicator in the inland waters. Nevertheless, the biochemical reasons for the unique competitiveness of zebra mussels are not clear. This study aimed to compare the native and invasive populations of D.

Effects of Synthetic Tetronamides and Methylated Denigrins on Bacterial Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation.

Detrimental biofilms of bacterial pathogens cause chronic infections with a high-level tolerance to antibiotics. To identify new control agents, we synthesized and tested a total of 14 tetronamides (including 5 new compounds) and 6 denigrin intermediates on the model species . At a concentration of 50 μg/mL, two tetronamides and two methylated denigrins exhibited significant inhibitory effects against biofilm formation of RP437, e.

Influence of the Loading with Newly Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using on the Antibacterial Activity and Surface Hardness of a Composite Resin.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity and surface hardness of a light-activated microhybrid composite resin modified with green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs were synthesized using an extract and characterized through different methods such as UV-Vis, EDX, and FTIR. The obtained AgNPs were mixed with a microhybrid composite resin (Herculite XRV, Kerr Corp.

Discrete time model of sexual systems.

Small factors are the biggest contributors to the biggest changes in an ecosystem which may lead to its demise. Simple things such as tweaking the humidity or tampering with the temperature can be the downfall of the habitants and the ecosystem itself. These changes can be observed right now with the consistent temperature increase on Earth along with the slew of issues that come with global warming.

Syntheses, crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-(benzyl-sulfan-yl)-5-[4-(di-methyl-amino)-phen-yl]-1,3,4-oxa-diazole and 2-[(2-chloro-6-fluoro-benz-yl)sulfan-yl]-5-[4-(di-methyl-amino)-phen-yl]-1,3,4-oxa-diazole.

The title compounds were synthesized by alkyl-ation of 5-[(4-di-methyl-amino)-phen-yl]-1,3,4-oxa-diazole-2-thiol with benzyl chloride or 2-chloro-6-fluoro-benzyl chloride in the presence of potassium carbonate. The yields of 2-(benzyl-sulfan-yl)-5-[4-(di-methyl-amino)-phen-yl]-1,3,4-oxa-diazole, CHNOS (I), and 2-[(2-chloro-6-fluoro-benz-yl)sulfan-yl]-5-[4-(di-methyl-amino)-phen-yl]-1,3,4-oxa-diazole, CHClFNOS (II), were 96 and 92%, respectively. In the crystal structures of (I) and (II), C-H⋯π inter-actions are observed between neighboring mol-ecules.

Biomaterials Based on Chitosan and Polyvinyl Alcohol as a Drug Delivery System with Wound-Healing Effects.

The excellent biological properties of chitosan (CS) together with the increased oxygen permeability of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were the prerequisites for the creation of a wound healing dressing that would also function as a system for L-arginine (L-arg) and caffeine (Caff) delivery. Using the freezing/thawing method, 12 hydrogels were obtained in PVA:CS polymer ratios of 90:10, 75:25, and 60:40, and all were loaded with L-arg, Caff, and the mixture of L-arg and Caff, respectively. Afterwards, an inorganic material (zeolite-Z) was added to the best polymeric ratio (75:25) and loaded with active substances.