Epidemiological and pathological characteristics of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis from Baluchistan Province of Pakistan.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is considered a neglected tropical disease which in Pakistan can now be considered as a growing public health problem. The exact figures on the magnitude of the disease are lacking both at the national and regional level and only a few health centres are available for diagnosis of CL. The present study was designed to identify the epidemiology of CL infection from August 2018 to December 2019 and to assess clinical aspects of CL in Baluchistan Province of Pakistan.

Prediction of putative epitope-based vaccine against all corona virus strains for the Chinese population: Approach toward development of vaccine.

Currently, the whole world is facing the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. As of now, approximately 0.15 million people around the globe are infected with the novel coronavirus.

It is time to control the worst: testing COVID-19 outbreak, energy consumption and CO emission.

During the COVID-19 outbreak, managing energy consumption and CO emission remained a serious problem. The previous literature rarely solved this real-time issue, and there is a lack of public research proposing an effective way forward on it. However, the study examines the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on energy consumption and CO emission.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL): A Cross-Sectional Community Based Survey on Knowledge, Attitude and Practices in a Highly Endemic Area of Waziristan (KPK Province), Pakistan.

Recent outbreaks of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in Waziristan make the disease a public health concern in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, Pakistan. The awareness and behavior of local community towards the disease is an important factor towards effective control and management of CL in endemic areas of Pakistan. A cross-sectional community based survey was piloted in new emerging district of North Waziristan Agency (KPK province), Pakistan from August 2019- February 2020.

Cystic Echinococcosis in Pakistan: A Review of Reported Cases, Diagnosis, and Management.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease that occurs in humans and ungulates due to infection with the larval stage of the taeniid cestode Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. It has been estimated that approximately one million people are infected annually, resulting in US$3 billion in human and livestock-associated direct and indirect losses per year. CE is a serious public health concern in many parts of the world, including Pakistan.

Analysis of Putative Epitope Candidates of Against Pakistani Human Leukocyte Antigen Background: An Immunoinformatic Study for the Development of Future Vaccine.

Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic disease caused by , is a global health issue across the world. Pakistan ranks fifth among the countries, which are facing, a significantly great number of mortalities and morbidities due to TB. Unfortunately, all previously reported treatments are not successful for the eradication of TB.

Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on patients with chronic diseases.

Background And Aims: We sought to measure the effect of lockdown, implemented to contain COVID-19 infection, on routine living and health of patients with chronic diseases and challenges faced by them.

Methods: A semi-structured online questionnaire was generated using "Google forms" and sent to the patients with chronic diseases using WhatsApp. Data were retrieved and analyzed using SPSS.

Utilization of Banana Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composites in the Sports Industry.

The sports industry is an ever-growing sector worldwide. With technological advancements in information technologies, the sports industry has merged with the entertainment industry, reaching and influencing billions of people globally. However, to ensure and advance the safety, security, and sustainability of the sports industry, technological innovations are always needed in several manufacturing and materials processes to achieve cost-effectiveness, efficiency, durability, reusability, and recyclability of products used in this industry.

Novel Ergot Alkaloids Production from Employing Response Surface Methodology Technique.

Ergot alkaloids are novel pharmaceutical and therapeutic agents synthesized in this study using fungal species To get the maximum yield of ergot alkaloids a statistical process of response surface methodology was employed using surface culture fermentation technique. Initially, the strain of was improved using physical (ultraviolet (UV) and chemical (ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) treatments to get the maximum yield of ergot alkaloids through surface culture fermentation technique. After improving the strain, survival rate of colonies of treated with UV and EMS was observed.

Optimal VMAT Delivery for Elekta MLC Beam Modulator: A Study of Collimator Rotation for Head and Neck Planning.

Background: Well-optimized treatment planning parameters are vital for optimum beam delivery in advanced radiotherapy techniques. The Elekta "Beam-Modulator" (BM) is a high-resolution multileaf collimation system where each individual leaf is 4 mm wide at the isocentre, without backup diaphragms and jaws. Its maximum aperture is 21 × 16 cm, which results in a limited clinical use for the target geometry of maximum 20 cm in length.

Spread of Cystic Echinococcosis in Pakistan Due to Stray Dogs and Livestock Slaughtering Habits: Research Priorities and Public Health Importance.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a global zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of and it has been reported from both livestock and humans in Pakistan. The definitive host of is the dog, and the large number of stray dogs in Pakistan contributes to the spread of CE. However, there is little information between stray dogs and CE relation in the country.

Surgically confirmed cases of cystic echinococcosis from Baluchistan Province, Pakistan for the years 2011-2018.

Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus tapeworms. It has a worldwide geographic distribution and can threaten the livestock industry and human health in endemic areas, including Pakistan. CE prevalence is high in Pakistan due to lack of local knowledge about disease transmission and a lack of control measures.

Perceived Stress in Relation to Obsessions and Compulsions in South Asian Adults: Moderating Role of Socio-demographic Characteristics.

This study examines perceived stress associated with obsessions and compulsions (OC) in a normative sample of adults. The aim was to discover whether socio-demographic characteristics (i.e.

Effects of silicon nanoparticles on growth and physiology of wheat in cadmium contaminated soil under different soil moisture levels.

Soil degradation with different stress conditions like accumulation of cadmium (Cd) contents in soil and drought stress has become one of the most dangerous issues that obstruct the sustainable agriculture production. Silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) play beneficial roles in combating various biotic and abiotic stresses but their role under combined metal and drought stress is not studied. A pot study was designed to determine the effect of Si NPs on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Simulated multileaf collimator tracking for stereotactic liver radiotherapy guided by kilovoltage intrafraction monitoring: Dosimetric gain and target overdose trends.

Purpose: To investigate the potential benefit of multileaf collimator (MLC) tracking guided by kilovoltage intrafraction monitoring (KIM) during stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the liver, and to understand trends of target overdose with MLC tracking.

Methods: Six liver SBRT patients with 2-3 implanted gold markers received SBRT delivered with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in three fractions using daily cone-beam CT setup. The CTV-to-PTV margins were 5 mm in the axial plane and 10 mm in the cranio-caudal directions, and the plans were designed to give minimum target doses of 95% (CTV) and 67% (PTV).

Estimating Some General Molecular Descriptors of Saturated Hydrocarbons.

Three general molecular descriptors, namely the general sum-connectivity index, general Platt index and ordinary generalized geometric-arithmetic index, are studied here. Best possible bounds for the aforementioned descriptors of arbitrary saturated hydrocarbons are derived under certain constraints. These bounds are expressed in terms of number of carbon atoms and number of carbon-carbon bonds of the considered hydrocarbons.

Simultaneous mitigation of cadmium and drought stress in wheat by soil application of iron nanoparticles.

Excess amount of cadmium (Cd) in arable soils and shortage of good quality water are the major abiotic factors affecting the crop yield which needs immediate solution to feed the increasing population worldwide. Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in various industries including agriculture which is due to the unique properties of NPs. Among NPs, iron (Fe) NPs might be used to alleviate the abiotic stresses in crops but limited informations are available in the literature about the role of Fe-NPs in crops under metal stress.

The accumulation of cadmium in wheat (Triticum aestivum) as influenced by zinc oxide nanoparticles and soil moisture conditions.

Both cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils and drought stress pose a serious problem for crop quality and human health. Owing to the specific physical and chemical characteristics, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) can be used in agriculture as a nanofertilizer but their impact on Cd accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) grains under normal and limited water conditions remains insufficient. In this study, the efficiency of ZnO NPs on Cd intake by wheat was investigated under normal and water-limited conditions grown in Cd-contaminated soil for 125 days after seed sowing.

Agricultural practices and quality of environment: evidence for global perspective.

The study emphasizes to examine the causal relationship among CO emission, agricultural value added, industrial production, urbanization, nuclear energy consumption, and economic growth across the panel of 59 countries. The data is collected from World Bank database over the period of 1982-2015. For econometric estimations, we have divided the sample into different income groups: low income, lower middle income, upper middle income, and higher income.

Alkanes with the First Three Maximal/Minimal Modified First Zagreb Connection Indices.

The modified first Zagreb connection index ( ) is a molecular descriptor, which was initially appeared within a formula of the total electron energy of alternant hydrocarbons in 1972. In a recent paper [A. Ali, N.

The Alkanes with Maximum Wiener Polarity Index.

The Wiener polarity index (usually denoted by ) of an alkane is the number of unordered pairs of carbon atoms which are separated by three carbon-carbon bonds. This topological index is useful for predicting the boiling points of alkanes. Deng [MATCH Commun.