BFD2 mediates inflammation, apoptosis, and pre-anxiety-like behaviors induced by acute Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Toxoplasma gondii infection induces anxiety in hosts during the chronic stage; however, its role in pre-anxiety-like behaviors during the acute stage remains poorly understood. This study investigates the role of Bradyzoite Formation Deficient 2 (BFD2), a transcription factor essential for tachyzoite-to-bradyzoite differentiation, in inflammation, apoptosis, and behavioral changes during acute T. gondii infection.

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibrous membrane for removing indoor gaseous phthalates: A health-driven framework for macro-channel adsorption module design and its implications.

This study developed a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibrous membrane (PEM)-based macro-channel adsorption module for removing indoor gaseous phthalates, integrating material design, mass transfer modeling and health-benefits-oriented optimization. The fabricated PEM demonstrated exceptional adsorption capacity, exhibiting partitioning coefficients (K) 4-30 times higher than conventional textile materials. Surface chemical analysis confirmed that the adsorption of phthalates on PEM is predominantly governed by physical adsorption mechanisms.

STAT1-IFITM3 promotes autophagy in epithelial cells to control infection.

infects intestinal epithelial cells, causing cryptosporidiosis in humans and neonatal livestock. Autophagy is an important component of the defense against infection. IFITM3 is an IFN-stimulated gene that regulates viral infection through autophagy; however, its role in infection is unknown.

Seasonal population dynamics and dietary switching of Vulpes spp. amplify Echinococcus spp. transmission in the Eastern Tibetan plateau: implications for wildlife-mediated zoonotic risks.

Background: Echinococcosis, a severe zoonosis caused by Echinococcus spp., poses a significant public health challenge in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. This study aimed to investigate the interplay among seasonal shifts in definitive host ecology (Vulpes ferrilata and V.

Niche Analysis of Spatial Distribution and Host Selection of Global Species - Worldwide, up to June 30, 2024.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Echinococcosis is a serious public health concern caused by larvae. To date, 10 species have been identified globally, each with potential variations in geographic distribution and host selection.

What Is Added By This Report?: This study presented the provincial-level distribution of all species globally and constructed a host frequency matrix for them.

Drug Resistance of Imported and Isolates - China, 2021-2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) remain the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria caused by , while chloroquine (CQ) serves as the primary treatment for . However, the global spread of antimalarial drug resistance has become an increasing concern over time.

What Is Added By This Report?: The integrated drug efficacy studies (iDES) demonstrated that artesunate (AS) plus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) and chloroquine (CQ) remain effective first-line treatments for and malaria, respectively.

NEDD4-Mediated Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition Participates in Radiation-Induced Lung Injury Through the ATM Signaling Pathway.

Objective: To elucidate the role of NEDD4 in ionizing radiation (IR)-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and its molecular mechanism in radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), given the unclear regulatory pathways of EndMT in RILI pathogenesis.

Methods: IR-induced EndMT was observed during RILI and by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis. Proteomics identified NEDD4 as a candidate, validated by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR).

miRNA-GABA influences female Aedes aegypti reproduction by modulating midgut homeostasis.

Aedes aegypti's exceptional reproductive capacity drives the global proliferation of vector-borne diseases, including dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, while its hematophagous digestion supplies essential energy to catalyze critical reproductive processes. Our study reveals a significant microRNA (miRNA)-mediated mechanism. We demonstrate that miRNA-7 (miR-7) regulates γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in the midgut, thereby maintaining intestinal homeostasis.

Effects of latent infection of Toxoplasma gondii strains with different genotypes on mouse behavior and brain transcripts.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii can cause severe damage to immunodeficient hosts, and also compromise brain structure and function in immunocompetent hosts during latent infection. In China, the two different isolates, Chinese I (ToxoDB#9) and Chinese III are dominant epidemic strains widely spreading in humans and domestic animals and can lead to latent infection in host brain tissues, but the comparison of their manipulation patterns and mechanisms remains unclear.

Methods: Tachyzoites of the TgWh6 (Wh6) strain and the TgCtLHG (LHG) strain were used for establishing in vitro infection models within mouse microglia BV2 cells, and the differences in their invasion and proliferation patterns were observed.

Efficient Purification of Multiple Pollutants of Tobacco Smoke via Photocatalytic Oxidation Purifier.

Tobacco smoke, a complex mixture of particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants, poses serious health risks and remains a significant challenge for indoor air purification. Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) technology has emerged as an effective strategy for pollutant removal, but its application in real tobacco smoke purification and associated health impacts remains underexplored. Herein, we investigated the simultaneous removal of PM and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from tobacco smoke using a PCO purifier.

Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals the Heterogeneity of Hepatic Natural Killer Cells and Identifies the Cytotoxic Natural Killer Subset in Schistosomiasis Mice.

eggs in the host liver form granuloma and liver fibrosis and then lead to portal hypertension and cirrhosis, seriously threatening human health. Natural killer (NK) cells can kill activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) against hepatic fibrosis. We used single-cell sequencing to screen hepatic NK cell subsets against schistosomiasis liver fibrosis.

Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 radiosensitizes esophageal cancer via epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling: From bioinformatics to integrated study.

Background: Esophageal cancer (ESCA) poses a significant challenge in oncology because of the limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Therefore, enhancing the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy for ESCA and identifying relevant therapeutic targets are crucial for improving both the survival rate and quality of life of patients.

Aim: To define the role of the transcription factor Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAI1) in ESCA, particularly its regulation of radiosensitivity.

Raffinose-metabolizing bacteria impair radiation-associated hematopoietic recovery the bile acid/FXR/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Radiation-associated hematopoietic recovery (RAHR) is critical for mitigating lethal complications of acute radiation syndrome (ARS), yet therapeutic strategies remain limited. Through integrated multi-omics analysis of a total body irradiation (TBI) mouse model, we identify -dominated gut microbiota as key mediators of RAHR impairment. 16S ribosomal rRNA sequencing revealed TBI-induced dysbiosis characterized by enrichment, while functional metagenomics identified raffinose metabolism as the most significantly perturbed pathway.

Single‑cell RNA‑Seq reveals PBMC profile alterations in a patient following a radiation accident.

Nuclear technology has been extensively used in various fields, increasing the possibility of radiation exposure to humans. Radiation exposure outcomes may be classified as whole-body irradiation or local irradiation. Clinically, local irradiation refers to the exposure of a relatively limited portion of the body, with injury confined to the directly exposed tissues.

Therapeutic importance of hydrogen sulfide in cognitive impairment diseases.

The brain naturally synthesizes hydrogen sulfide (HS) via enzymes such as cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST), cysteine aminotransferase (CAT), and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE). From a physiological point of view, HS serves as a neuromodulator with antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Recent research suggests that HS is crucial in regulating learning and memory, as its downregulation is commonly observed in cognitive impairment diseases.

High genotype diversity and zoonotic potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in laboratory mice from two medical experimental animal centers.

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a common zoonotic pathogen in wild, farmed and pet rodents worldwide. Recently, one study reported E. bieneusi infection in laboratory mice.

Investigation of Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in free-ranged livestock on the southeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China.

Background: Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are zoonotic pathogens with global distribution, infecting humans and various livestock. For yaks, Tibetan sheep and horses, the traditional grazing models still hold a main position.

Exceptional Resistance to Chlorine-Induced Photocatalytic Poisoning via Vacuum UV Irradiation.

Catalyst deactivation poses a significant challenge in environmental remediation, especially for the photocatalytic oxidation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (Cl-VOCs). In this study, a functional flower-like TiO@Mn/rGO (FTMG) catalyst coupled with a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lamp was used as a novel photocatalytic oxidation (VUV-PCO) system for chlorobenzene (CB) oxidation. In this system, more than 80% of CB was efficiently oxidized at a high w8 hly space velocity of 600,000 g h, which was a 6.

Eggs of Schistosoma japonicum deposited in the spleen induce apoptosis of splenic T cells in C57BL/6 mice.

To explore the relationship between Schistosoma japonicum egg deposition and the resultant structural damage to the spleen, mice were infected percutaneously with cercariae or eggs were surgically injected into their spleens. Terminal transferase dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) showed that cells around the S. japonicum eggs were apoptotic in vivo.

Past, present and future epidemiology of echinococcosis in China based on nationwide surveillance data 2004-2022.

Objectives: We evaluated the epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis, a global public health threat, in China to inform global control efforts.

Methods: Descriptive, statistical, cluster, spatial, and trend analyses were used to evaluate the epidemiology at national, provincial, and county levels based on 2004-2022 nationwide surveillance data from China.

Results: Between 2004 and 2022, China recorded 72,676 cystic echinococcosis (CE) cases, 11,465 alveolar echinococcosis (AE) cases, and 5703 others, with an average annual cases per million (ANpM) of 3.

Research Progress of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment.

Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent a novel class of hypoglycemic drugs that have emerged in recent years. These inhibitors function primarily by blocking the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys, specifically targeting the SGLT2 proteins in the proximal convoluted tubules. This inhibition results in the reduction of blood glucose levels through increased glucose excretion in the urine.

Molecular identification and subtyping of Cryptosporidium spp. in laboratory mice and rats.

Cryptosporidium species can infect humans and more than 260 animal species, including 54 rodent species. However, data on the occurrence and genetic characterizations of Cryptosporidium spp. in laboratory rodents are limited.

Proteomic analysis of mouse liver lesions at all three stages of Echinococcus granulosus infection.

Echinococcus granulosus, a zoonotic parasite, can severely damage host health or even lead to host death. In humans, early diagnosis of E. granulosus infection is difficult because the initial stages of the infection tend to be asymptomatic, this delays treatment and worsens prognosis in most patients.