LIU-NET: lightweight Inception U-Net for efficient brain tumor segmentation from multimodal 3D MRI images.

Segmenting brain tumors is a critical task in medical imaging that relies on advanced deep-learning methods. However, effectively handling complex tumor regions requires more comprehensive and advanced strategies to overcome challenges such as computational complexity, the gradient vanishing problem, and variations in size and visual impact. To overcome these challenges, this research presents a novel and computationally efficient method termed lightweight Inception U-Net (LIU-Net) for the accurate brain tumor segmentation task.

Risk Factors for the Development of Early Onset Diabetes in the Population of Sindh Province, Pakistan.

: Early-onset diabetes (EOD), diagnosed at ≤35 years, is a growing public health crisis in low- and middle-income countries, including Pakistan. Identifying modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors is critical for developing effective prevention strategies. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with EOD in Sindh, Pakistan, focusing on genetic, lifestyle, and metabolic determinants.

Exploring complementary analytical techniques for environmental analysis of glacial lakes in the Pyrenees Mountains.

Glacial lakes are fragile ecosystems, and many of them are susceptible to pollution. This study assesses the potential anthropogenic impact on these lakes through sediment analysis. Sediment samples were collected (Spring 2023) in the Aragonese Pyrenees Mountain range and characterized using complementary analytical techniques: LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, XRD (X-ray diffraction), ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry), and FESEM-EDS (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy).

In-silico Comparative Analysis of TOP3B Protein Mammals Species with Emphasis on Heterocephalus glaber and Homo sapiens.

Introduction/background: TOP3B (Topoisomerase III-Beta) is a DNA topoisomerase enzyme essential for managing DNA topology during various cellular processes. TOP3B knockout mice typically develop but have a shorter lifespan; however, the exact role of TOP3B is not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the diversity of TOP3B across various mammalian species, with a particular focus on comparing the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber), known for its exceptional longevity and genomic stability, and humans (Homo sapiens).

Impact of machine learning on dietary and exercise behaviors in type 2 diabetes self-management: a systematic literature review.

Self-awareness and self-management in diabetes are critical as they enhance patient well-being, decrease financial burden, and alleviate strain on healthcare systems by mitigating complications and promoting healthier life expectancy. Incomplete understanding persists regarding the synergistic effects of diet and exercise on diabetes management, as existing research often isolates these factors, creating a knowledge gap in comprehending their combined influence. Current diabetes research overlooks the interplay between diet and exercise in self-management.

Conjunct Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation with Mirror Therapy on Motor Control and Muscle Performance in Spastic Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a birth-related non-progressive neuromotor brain disorder characterized by abnormalities of muscular tonicity, gross and fine motor skills, gait, and posture. It impacts motor control and muscle performance, which are emergent rehabilitation challenges in cerebral palsy children. Mirror therapy (MT) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are novel treatment strategies to enhance muscle performance and motor control.

Modes of Dating Violence in Young Adults Within Pakistani Culture: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

In the Pakistani cultural context, dating violence is a pervasive issue that poses significant risks to mental health. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences and expressions of young adults who have faced dating violence, with a focus on informing counseling and early intervention. Through interpretative phenomenological analysis of semistructured interviews with 10 young adults (5 men and 5 women) aged 18-25 years, we identified superordinate themes of psychological, emotional, and physical modes of dating violence.

Implementing federated learning over VPN-based wireless backhaul networks for healthcare systems.

Federated learning (FL) is a popular method where edge devices work together to train machine learning models. This study introduces an efficient network for analyzing healthcare records. It uses VPN technology and applies a federated learning approach over a wireless backhaul network.

Comparison of muscle energy technique and mobilization with movement to reduce pain and improve functional status in subjects with anterior innominate ilio-sacral dysfunction.

Objective: This study aimed to compare Muscle energy technique (METs) and Mobilization with movement (MWM) for pain reduction and improving functional status in subjects with anterior innominate iliosacral dysfunction.

Methodology: Thirty-six patients with anterior innominate iliosacral dysfunction were randomly assigned to both groups. Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI) were used to measure pain and functional disability.

TechMark: a framework for the development, engagement, and motivation of software teams in IT organizations based on gamification.

In today's fast-moving world of information technology (IT), software professionals are crucial for a company's success. However, they frequently experience low motivation as a result of competitive pressures, unclear incentives, and communication gaps. This underscores the critical need to handle these internal marketing challenges such as employee motivation, development, and engagement in IT organizations.

Development of Highly Flexible Piezoelectric PVDF-TRFE/Reduced Graphene Oxide Doped Electrospun Nano-Fibers for Self-Powered Pressure Sensor.

The demand for self-powered, flexible, and wearable electronic devices has been increasing in recent years for physiological and biomedical applications in real-time detection due to their higher flexibility and stretchability. This work fabricated a highly sensitive, self-powered wearable microdevice with Poly-Vinylidene Fluoride-Tetra Fluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) nano-fibers using an electrospinning technique. The dielectric response of the polymer was improved by incorporating the reduced-graphene-oxide (rGO) multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWCNTs) through doping.

Optimizing lornoxicam-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and (polyethylene glycol) nanoparticles for transdermal delivery: / inflammation evaluation.

This study focused on developing a topical gel incorporating lornoxicam-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG) blend nanoparticles to mitigate gastrointestinal (GIT) side effects and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Synthesized nanoparticles were subjected to characterization, permeation studies, and acute oral toxicity analysis post-incorporation into the gel using a S/O/W double emulsion solvent. The nanoparticles displayed a smooth, spherical morphology (170-321 nm) with increased entrapment efficiency (96.

Measuring Vertical Jump Height With Artificial Intelligence Through a Cell Phone: A Validity and Reliability Report.

Erik, HT, Onn, SW, and Montalvo, S. Vertical jump height with artificial intelligence through a cell phone: a validity and reliability report. J Strength Cond Res 38(9): e529-e533, 2024-This study estimated the reliability and validity of an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven model in the My Jump 2 (My Jump Lab ) for estimating vertical jump height compared with the Force Platform (FP).

Nutraceutical activities of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Nigella sativa seeds in the management of diabetes-induced in albino rats.

Diabetes causes elevated blood sugar levels, and it has been categorized as one of the most frequent causes of death worldwide. This work aimed to analyze and compare the nutraceutical and therapeutic efficacy of fenugreek seeds (FSs) (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and black cumin seeds (BCSs) (Nigella sativa) against streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in albino rats. FS and BCSs were evaluated for proximate analysis, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities.

Burnout Mediates the Association between Workplace Bullying and Mental Health Problems of Health Practitioners in Cancer Units.

Background: Medical health practitioners, particularly those working in cancer units, are vulnerable to poor psychological outcomes. The present study was designed to examine the influence of workplace bullying on the mental health of medical and paramedical staff by testing workplace burnout as a mediating factor.

Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional survey, 220 Muslim medical staff officers from the cancer units of three hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan, were assessed for workplace bullying, mental health, and workplace burnout using the standardized psychometric measures (i.

Assessment of heavy metals level in chicken with indeterminate analysis in localities of Lahore, Pakistan.

The poultry industry is a significant source of animal protein, vitamins, and minerals, particularly through the consumption of chicken meat. In order to conduct the study, 100 samples of liver, chicken feed, and drinking water were collected in nearby areas of Lahore. The investigation aims to detect the presence of specific heavy metals in the collected samples.

pH-sensitive docetaxel-loaded chitosan/thiolated hyaluronic acid polymeric nanoparticles for colorectal cancer.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate pH-sensitive docetaxel-loaded thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA-SH) nanoparticles (NPs) for targeted treatment of colon cancer. HA-SH, synthesized via oxidation and subsequent covalent linkage to cysteamine, served as the precursor for developing HA-SH NPs through polyelectrolyte complexation involving chitosan and thiol-bearing HA. HA-SH NPs displayed favorable characteristics, with small particle sizes (184-270 nm), positive zeta potential (15.

COVID-19 and diet: efforts towards a balanced diet and sustainable nutrition among university students in Pakistan.

Nutrition is an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle for all individuals, including adolescents. The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive survey study was to investigate university students' awareness of immunity enhancing foods, food nutritive values, and eating practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 839 university students from four different universities in Pakistan participated in the study from October 2021 to January 2022, 397 of which were male and 442 were female.

Normalized effect size (NES): a novel feature selection model for Urdu fake news classification.

Social media has become an essential source of news for everyday users. However, the rise of fake news on social media has made it more difficult for users to trust the information on these platforms. Most research studies focus on fake news detection in the English language, and only a limited number of studies deal with fake news in resource-poor languages such as Urdu.