Predicting left-without-being-seen in an emergency department as a dynamic risk.

Study Objective: Accurately predicting which Emergency Department (ED) patients are at high risk of leaving without being seen (LWBS) could enable targeted interventions aimed at reducing LWBS rates. Machine Learning (ML) models that dynamically update these risk predictions as patients experience more time waiting were developed and validated, in order to improve the prediction accuracy and correctly identify more patients who LWBS.

Methods: The study was deemed quality improvement by the institutional review board, and collected all patient visits to the ED of a large academic medical campus over 24 months.

Associations of frailty and its changes with the risks of depressive symptoms: A multi-cohort study.

Background: Frailty is a dynamic condition that may affect mental health. This study aimed to investigate the associations of frailty and its changes with the risks of depressive symptoms across multiple regions in aging populations.

Methods: Data were drawn from five cohort studies in the United States, England, Europe, China, and Mexico.

Human-Centered Urban Heat Island Intensity in Global Megacities: Nonlinear Response Patterns and Region-Specific Thresholds.

As the global urban heat island (UHI) effect intensifies, understanding how UHI intensity responds to its influencing factors changes is critical for designing effective mitigation strategies. We focused on global megacities, shifted the UHI intensity assessment from physical indicators to human-related parameters, and then evaluated how human-centered UHI intensity responded to influencing factor change. We verified a significant discrepancy between traditional UHI intensity and human-centered UHI intensity worldwide, an average absolute difference of 1.

HO and CO Sorption in Ion-Exchange Sorbents: Distinct Interactions in Amine Versus Quaternary Ammonium Materials.

This study investigates the HO and CO sorption behavior of two chemically distinct polystyrene-divinylbenzene-based ion exchange sorbents: a primary amine and a permanently charged strong base quaternary ammonium (QA) group with (bi)carbonate counter anions. We compare their distinct interactions with HO and CO through simultaneous thermal gravimetric, calorimetric, gas analysis, and molecular modeling approaches to evaluate their performance for dilute CO separations like direct air capture. Thermal and hybrid (heat + low-temperature hydration) desorption experiments demonstrate that the QA-based sorbent binds both water and CO more strongly than the amine counterparts but undergoes degradation at moderate temperatures, limiting its compatibility with thermal swing regeneration.

Characterization of Cross-Linked Elastomer Networks by Thermal Desorption/Pyrolysis Direct Analysis in Real-Time Mass Spectrometry (TDPy-DART-MS).

Tires are complex polymeric materials composed of rubber elastomers (both natural and synthetic), fillers, steel wire, textiles, and a range of antioxidant and curing systems. These constituents are distributed differently among the various tire parts, which are classified based on their function and proximity to the rim. This study presents a rapid and sensitive approach for the characterization of tire components using mild thermal desorption/pyrolysis (TDPy) coupled to direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS).

Predicting In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Using Machine Learning Models: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Background: In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) remains a public health conundrum with high morbidity and mortality rates. While early identification of high-risk patients could enable preventive interventions and improve survival, evidence on the effectiveness of current prediction methods remains inconclusive. Limited research exists on patients' prearrest pathophysiological status and predictive and prognostic factors of IHCA, highlighting the need for a comprehensive synthesis of predictive methodologies.

Ecological Momentary Assessment as a Measure of Intervention Change: Evaluation in 4 Digital Mental Health Trials.

Background: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is increasingly being incorporated into intervention studies to acquire a more fine-grained and ecologically valid assessment of change. The added utility of including relatively burdensome EMA measures in a clinical trial hinges on several psychometric assumptions, including that these measure are (1) reliable, (2) related to but not redundant with conventional self-report measures (convergent and discriminant validity), (3) sensitive to intervention-related change, and (4) associated with a clinically relevant criterion of improvement (criterion validity) above conventional self-report measures (incremental validity).

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of conventional self-report versus EMA measures of rumination improvement.

Solvation Structure of Np in a Noncomplexing Environment.

The solvation structure of an Np ion in an aqueous, noncomplexing and nonoxidizing environment of trifluoromethanesulfonic (triflic) acid was investigated with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) combined with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. Np L-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data were collected for Np in 1, 3, and 7 M triflic acid using a laboratory-scale spectrometer and separately at a synchrotron facility, producing data sets in excellent agreement. TDDFT calculations revealed a weak pre-edge feature not previously reported for Np L-edge XANES.

Ultrahigh Sensitive Human Inspired Neurons for Artificial Nociceptor Systems.

Mimicking human brain functionalities with neuromorphic devices represents a pivotal breakthrough in developing bioinspired electronic systems. The human somatosensory system provides critical environmental information and facilitates responses to harmful stimuli, endowing us with good adaptive capabilities. However, current sensing technologies often struggle with insufficient sensitivity, dynamic response, and integration challenges.

"Just Being Connected, It's Like a Way of Resisting": Latinx Youth Strengthening Cultural Ties as Resilience and Resistance in the Deep South.

Over the last decade, a range of research has demonstrated the detrimental impacts of policies criminalizing migration ("crimmigration") on Latinx mental health. In this study, we seek to examine youth perspectives on how crimmigration policies affect Latinx adolescents' connections to Latinx identity, culture, and communities and the implications for Latinx youth mental health. We explored how immigration enforcement policies affect Latinx youths' mental health using photovoice with ten youth in a high-deportation county in Atlanta in 2022.

Stress and Well-Being Intervention and mHealth Delivery Adaptation for Latinx Millennial Caregivers: A Qualitative User-Centered Approach.

Background: The study aimed to adapt a stress and well-being intervention delivered via a mobile health (mHealth) app for Latinx Millennial caregivers. This demographic, born between 1981 and 1996, represents a significant portion of caregivers in the United States, with unique challenges due to higher mental distress and poorer physical health compared to non-caregivers. Latinx Millennial caregivers face additional barriers, including higher uninsured rates and increased caregiving burdens.

Outcomes following transition from ibrutinib to zanubrutinib in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia from ASPEN.

Zanubrutinib is a next-generation covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor designed to provide complete and sustained BTK occupancy for efficacy across disease-relevant tissues, with fewer off-target adverse events (AEs) than other covalent BTK inhibitors. In the phase 3 ASPEN study (BGB-3111-302), comparable efficacy and a favorable safety profile versus ibrutinib were demonstrated in patients with MYD88-mutated Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), leading to approval of zanubrutinib for patients with WM. BGB-3111-LTE1 (LTE1) is a long-term extension study to which eligible patients, including patients from comparator treatment arms, could enroll following participation in various parent studies of zanubrutinib to treat B-cell malignancies.

Tumor microenvironment differences between diagnostic and relapsed classic Hodgkin lymphoma revealed by scRNA-seq.

Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (CHL) is characterized by a complex tumor microenvironment (TME) that supports disease progression. While immune cell recruitment by Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells is well-documented, the role of non-malignant B cells in relapse remains unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on paired diagnostic and relapsed CHL samples, we identified distinct shifts in B-cell populations, particularly an enrichment of naïve B cells and a reduction of memory B cells in early-relapse compared to late-relapse and newly diagnosed CHL.

Type 4 Macular Neovascularization (NV): A New Member of the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Classification of NV Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD).

Purpose: To describe the clinical and multimodal imaging features of a novel form of macular neovascularization (MNV), designated Type 4 MNV, defined by mixed Type 1 and Type 2 neovascularization (NV), extensive intraretinal anastomotic NV, and central posterior hyaloid fibrosis (CPHF).

Methods: This multicenter retrospective observational case series included patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) exhibiting both Type 1 and 2 MNV and an overlying anastomotic intraretinal NV network. This was confirmed with OCT and OCT angiography (OCTA).

Nontargeted Screening of Fingermark Residue Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Future Use in Forensic Applications.

Fingerprints are routinely used as evidence in forensic investigations. Fingermarks, any mark left by a donor whether a complete print or not, include sweat and oil excreted by the donor. The chemical components of fingermarks are typically analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Trends in obesity among premenopausal and postmenopausal women in the United States between 1999 and 2018: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objective: The objective of the present work is to: (1) describe the trends in obesity among premenopausal and postmenopausal women in the United States between 1999 and 2018, and (2) describe the effect of aging on body mass index in women, using novel BMI-for-age percentile curves.

Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 1999 and 2018, including self-identified female participants older than 20 years, was used. Menopause status was self-reported, and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was calculated based on measured height and weight.

Estrogen therapy in patients with gynecologic cancer: a survey of gynecologists and oncologists in the United States.

Objective: Endometrial cancer (EC) and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) affect women of all ages, and the incidence of endometrial cancer in premenopausal women is rising. Menopause can be detrimental to longevity and quality of life, but evidence suggests estrogen therapy (ET) is safe in these patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the practice patterns of gynecologists and gynecologic oncologists (GYO) in the United States in regards to prescription of ET to gynecologic cancer patients.

Structural Basis for HIV-1 Maturation Inhibition by PF-46396 Determined by MAS NMR.

Among the different types of HIV-1 maturation inhibitors, those that stabilize the junction between the capsid protein C-terminal domain (CA) and the spacer peptide 1 (SP1) within the immature Gag lattice are promising candidates for antiretroviral therapies. Here, we report the atomic-resolution structure of CA-SP1 assemblies with the small-molecule maturation inhibitor PF-46396 and the assembly cofactor inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6), determined by magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. Our results reveal that although the two PF-46396 enantiomers exhibit distinct binding modes, they both possess similar anti-HIV potency.

A 12-Year Analysis of Equity and Efficiency in Living Kidney Donation at a Rural American Center.

Background: In the United States, a severe organ shortage precipitates an extensive transplant waitlist. Living donor kidneys are functionally superior to those from deceased donors and offer an alternative to close the supply-demand gap.

Methods: A retrospective review of 2147 patients who self-referred to begin the living kidney donation workup process at our center between June 1, 2012, and October 1, 2023 was conducted with subsequent statistical analysis of gathered data.

Protecting Workers from Extreme Heat; US Department of Labor has Proposed a Much-Needed Regulation; Can it Survive Trump? Commentary on the Essay "An Elusive Promise: Protecting US Workers from Excessive Heat".

In the essay "An Elusive Promise: Protecting US Workers from Excessive Heat," the author (who is also the author of this commentary) addresses the ever-increasing hazard that exposure to excessive heat poses to workers, both internationally and in the United States, and details the history of federal efforts to address the problem, dating back to the passage of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (the "OSH Act") in 1970. Following years of dogged advocacy by the worker safety community, those efforts culminated in August 2024 in the publication in the Federal Register of a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for Heat Injury and Illness Prevention in Outdoor and Indoor Work Settings. A few months later, Donald Trump was elected president.

Social-ecological goals and outcomes of public engagement for recovery of endangered and threatened rockfishes (Sebastes spp.).

Natural resource management agencies commonly conduct outreach and engagement with the public, with the goals of raising awareness, educating constituents, encouraging compliance with rules, and supporting future participation in management processes. In Washington, USA, significant effort was invested over more than a decade to inform and engage recreational anglers and divers, and the broader public, in recovery efforts related to rockfish species (Sebastes spp.) listed for protection under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).

Synthesis and Optical Properties of Unsymmetric Aromatically π-Extended BODIPY.

A series of unsymmetrically substituted BODIPY dyes featuring fused benzo- or naphtho-fragments on one pyrrolic unit were synthesized from the corresponding pyrrolic precursors. The synthetic route was optimized using a modular approach based on the condensation of formylpyrroles with alkylpyrroles, enabling the identification of precursor combinations that minimize byproduct formation and improve preparative yields. The resulting benzo- and naphtho-fused BODIPYs display intense fluorescence in the red region, with emission maxima spanning 590-680 nm and fluorescence quantum yields ranging from 0.