The association between allergy and risk of brain tumors: Evidence from 40 observational studies.

Purpose: The potential association between the medical history of allergic conditions and brain tumors have been investigated. However, the agreement has not been reached. The aim of this meta-analysis was to explore the possible association between allergic disease and brain tumor risk.

Corrigendum: Comparing NGS-based identification of bloodstream infections to traditional culture methods for enhanced ICU care: a comprehensive study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.

SAA1 as a Potential Early Diagnostic Biomarker for Sepsis Through Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics.

Sepsis is characterised by fatal organ dysfunction resulting from a dysfunctional host response to infection, imposing a substantial economic burden on families and society. Therefore, identifying biomarkers for early sepsis diagnosis and improving patient prognosis are critical. This study recruited 59 sepsis patients and 35 healthy volunteers from the Department of Critical Care Medicine at Harbin Medical University Affiliated First Hospital between March and December 2021.

A novel intelligent grade classification architecture for Patent Foramen Ovale by Contrast Transthoracic Echocardiography based on deep learning.

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is one of the main causes of ischemic stroke. Due to the complex characteristics of contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE), PFO classification is time-consuming and laborious in clinical practice. For this reason, a variety of PFO diagnostic models have been presented based on machine learning in recent years.

Ion exchange- and enrichment-based technology applied to large-scale plasma proteomic analysis of breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics provides unbiased quantification of all proteins in plasma, which can dynamically reflect individual health states in real time. However, large-scale proteomics studies are constrained by the excessive dynamic range of plasma proteome and low throughput. Herein, two kinds of magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) modified with ion exchange functional groups (denoted as MHP-UiO-66-SAX and MHP-HKUST-1-SCX) were designed and fabricated to exhibit large protein adsorption capability, which were combined with an automated Liquid-handling System, thus realizing in-depth, high-throughput and automated proteomics studies.

Mib2 Regulates Lipid Metabolism in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction via the Runx2-Hmgcs2 Axis.

Obesity and the mismanagement of lipids significantly contribute to the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that regulate the metabolic changes and disruptions in lipid balance within HFpEF remain to be fully understood. Transcriptome data for HFpEF were sourced from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database.

Personalized combination therapy for diffuse midline glioma: A case report.

The present study aimed to analyze the efficacy of personalized combination therapy for patients with H3K27M mutant diffuse midline glioma (DMG) so as to explore new treatment options for further clinical research. The clinical data and prognosis of a patient with H3K27M mutant DMG are summarized and discussed in the context of the relevant literature. The patient was a 20-year-old female diagnosed with DMG treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, electric field therapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy.

[Comparison of apical sealing ability of three bioceramic root canal sealers ].

Objectives: We aimed to compare the apical sealing properties of three endodontic sealers, namely, C-Root SP (C-R), iRoot SP, and GuttaFlow Bioseal (GFB) .

Methods: Eighty-two single-rooted premolars and anterior teeth were prepared by using M3 machine with nickel-titanium file and randomly divided into six experimental groups (=12) and two control groups (=5). Group A1: single-cone technique (SC)+C-R; group B1: SC+iRoot SP; group C1: SC+GFB; group A2: single-cone with ultrasonic activation (SU)+C-R; group B2: SU+iRoot SP; group C2: SU +GFB; group D: positive control group, and group E: negative control group.

Liver lesion segmentation in ultrasound: A benchmark and a baseline network.

Accurate liver lesion segmentation in ultrasound is a challenging task due to high speckle noise, ambiguous lesion boundaries, and inhomogeneous intensity distribution inside the lesion regions. This work first collected and annotated a dataset for liver lesion segmentation in ultrasound. In this paper, we propose a novel convolutional neural network to learn dual self-attentive transformer features for boosting liver lesion segmentation by leveraging the complementary information among non-local features encoded at different layers of the transformer architecture.

Role of the sulfur-containing amino acid-ROS axis in cancer chemotherapeutic drug resistance.

Chemotherapeutic drug resistance remains a major barrier to effective cancer treatment. Drug resistance could be driven in part by adaptive redox remodeling of cancer cells. Paradoxically, drug-resistant malignancies exhibit elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as amplified antioxidant defenses, which enable cancer cell survival under therapeutic stress.

Identification of Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension in cACLD Individuals With Spleen Stiffness Measurement.

Background And Aims: The Baveno VII consensus recommends spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) for the detection of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD). We aimed to evaluate the performance of SSM-based algorithms.

Methods: Consecutive cACLD individuals who underwent hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and SSM measured with the dedicated 100-Hz probe by vibration-controlled transient elastography were prospectively enrolled.

Identification of proteome-wide and functional analysis of lysine crotonylation in multiple organs of the human fetus.

Lysine crotonylation (Kcr) is a novel post-translational modification that is important in functional studies. However, our understanding of Kcr in the developing human fetus brain, heart, kidney, liver, and lung remains restricted. In this study, we used high-resolution LC-MS/MS and high-sensitivity immunoaffinity purification to analyze Kcr in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, and lung of 17-week fetus.

A Comparative Study of 141 Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Immunoglobulin G Positive Cases.

Background: Glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoglobulin G (GFAP-IgG) positivity is associated with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy (GFAP-A), but also with other autoimmune encephalitides and viral infections. We attempted to elucidate the characteristics of GFAP-A in relation to other GFAP-IgG-positive encephalitides and constructed a differential diagnosis model.

Methods: 141 GFAP-IgG-positive cases were identified, including 52 astrocytopathy (GFAP-A group), 48 autoimmune encephalitis (AE-G), and 41 viral encephalitis (VE-G).

STModule: identifying tissue modules to uncover spatial components and characteristics of transcriptomic landscapes.

Here we present STModule, a Bayesian method developed to identify tissue modules from spatially resolved transcriptomics that reveal spatial components and essential characteristics of tissues. STModule uncovers diverse expression signals in transcriptomic landscapes such as cancer, intraepithelial neoplasia, immune infiltration, outcome-related molecular features and various cell types, which facilitate downstream analysis and provide insights into tumor microenvironments, disease mechanisms, treatment development, and histological organization of tissues. STModule captures a broader spectrum of biological signals compared to other methods and detects novel spatial components.

Comparative metagenome-associated analysis of gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes in acute gastrointestinal injury patients with the risk of in-hospital mortality.

Unlabelled: Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) is known for its poor long-term prognosis and the associated increase in mortality among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. As the role of the gut microbiome and resistome in AGI remains unclear, the present study aimed to explore the possible associations between dysbacteriosis and in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction. Fecal samples were collected from a prospective cohort of 210 ICU patients with AGI, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to determine the taxonomic composition of gut microbiota and the differences of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) between the Death and Survival groups.

The prognostic value of the 8th American Joint Committee on cancer anatomic and prognostic stage groups for penile cancer: A multicenter collaboration study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) anatomic and prognostic stage groups for penile cancer patients and explore whether there is room for improvement.

Methods: The clinical and histopathologic data from 16 centers between January 2000 and December 2021 were assessed according to the 8th AJCC anatomic and prognostic stage groups. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to estimate the disease-specific survival (DSS) of the patients.

HSPA8 dampens SCAP/INSIG split and SREBP activation by reducing PKR-mediated INSIG phosphorylation.

Lipid accumulation in renal tubules is a major determinant of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and activation of SREBPs plays a central role in this process. Our study aims to explore whether HSPA8, a molecular chaperone, is the master regulator of INSIG/SREBPs function in DKD. Here, we show that tubular epithelial cell (TEC)-specific knockout of HSPA8 upregulates the phosphorylation of INSIG1 and INSIG2, which disrupts the interaction between INSIG proteins and SCAP, leading to SREBP activation.

Investigating the alleviation of endothelial injury by apelin: insights from network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.

Vascular lesion is the most important complication of diabetes, and vascular endothelial injury is the basis of vascular lesions. Although apelin was considered to have a positive effect on cardiovascular, the potential mechanisms remain unclear. In this work, we aimed to determine whether apelin alleviates endothelial injury through Src/Stat3 pathway.

Clinicopathological and molecular characterization of astrocytoma.

Introduction: Astrocytoma is a rare tumour of the central nervous system that often manifests with non-specific clinical symptoms and lacks distinct histological features. There is a pressing need for further understanding of the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of astrocytoma. Identifying mutant genes can aid in reliable and early diagnosis, as well as provide insights for the development of targeted therapies.

Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and mortality in the asthma population.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and mortality in individuals with asthma, given the inconclusive evidence linking metabolic dysfunction to asthma outcomes.

Research Design And Methods: We analyzed data from 5985 adults with asthma from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2018. We used multivariable weighted Cox regression, smoothing curve fitting, survival curve analysis, and subgroup analysis to assess the correlation between the TyG index and survival rates.

Relationship between social activities and cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults: the mediating effect of depressive symptoms.

Background: The differential impacts of various social activities on dementia prevention and the mediating role of depression in this relationship remain unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effects of different social activities on cognitive function, examine the mediating role of depression, and provide evidence for targeted interventions to prevent cognitive decline.

Methods: Using data from CHARLS, we employed RCS analysis and Structural Equation Modeling to examine the relationships between social activities, depression, and cognitive function in older adults.

An in vitro 3D spheroid model with liver steatosis and fibrosis on microwell arrays for drug efficacy evaluation.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is now the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting more than 30 percent of adults. The most severe form of MASLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), is characterized by necrotizing inflammation and rapid fibrosis progression, often leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, only Resmetirom is approved for the treatment of MASH one of the main reasons is the absence of representative in vivo or in vitro models for MASH.

scMMAE: masked cross-attention network for single-cell multimodal omics fusion to enhance unimodal omics.

Multimodal omics provide deeper insight into the biological processes and cellular functions, especially transcriptomics and proteomics. Computational methods have been proposed for the integration of single-cell multimodal omics of transcriptomics and proteomics. However, existing methods primarily concentrate on the alignment of different omics, overlooking the unique information inherent in each omics type.