Stabilizing effect of amino acids on protein and colloidal dispersions.

Amino acids (AAs) have a long history of being used as stabilizers for biological media. For example, they are important components in biomedical formulations. The effect of AAs on biological systems is also starting to be appreciated.

Klotho attenuates D-galactose-induced cardiac aging through the ROS/NLRP3/pyroptosis pathway.

Objective: Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to cardiac aging progression. Klotho, a recognised anti-aging protein, exerts protective effects against cardiac aging. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the protective effects of Klotho on D-galactose (D-gal)-induced cardiac aging and the underlying mechanisms.

Association between diabetes duration and risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Prior studies have implicated diabetes as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, yet the impact of diabetes progression on pancreatic cancer incidence remains unclear. We aim to assess pancreatic cancer risk across different stages of diabetes.

Methods: Employing a predefined search strategy, we conducted a literature review of electronic databases up to 29 February 2024.

Neural Quantum Embedding via Deterministic Quantum Computation with One Qubit.

Quantum computing is expected to provide an exponential speedup in machine learning. However, optimizing the data loading process, commonly referred to as "quantum data embedding," to maximize classification performance remains a critical challenge. In this Letter, we propose a neural quantum embedding (NQE) technique based on deterministic quantum computation with one qubit (DQC1).

A compact cassette tape for DNA-based data storage.

DNA with high storage density can serve as an alternative storage medium to respond to the global explosion of data growth and become a powerful personal storage memory if an integrated compact device can store and handle large-scale data. Here, we incorporate a DNA cassette tape with 5.5 × 10 addressable data partitions (addressing rate up to 1570 partitions per second), a DNA loading capacity of 28.

Full Characterization of Genuine 17-qubit Entanglement on the Superconducting Processor.

We present a least square state estimator regularized by state purity to accomplish the task of quantum state tomography and entanglement verification, and report an experimental validation on a superconducting processor. First, a scalable full-state tomography is achieved with state fidelity 0.8217(1) for the 9-qubit W state and 0.

Quantum-Size Effect Induced Andreev Bound States in Ultrathin Metallic Islands Proximitized by a Superconductor.

While Andreev bound states (ABSs) have been realized in engineered superconducting junctions, their direct observation in normal metal-superconductor heterostructures-enabled by quantum confinement-remains experimentally elusive. Here, we report the detection of ABSs in ultrathin metallic islands (Bi, Ag, and SnTe) grown on the s-wave superconductor NbN. Using high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we clearly reveal in-gap ABSs with energies symmetric about the Fermi level.

Integrative profiling of lung cancer biomarkers EGFR, ALK, KRAS, and PD-1 with emphasis on nanomaterials-assisted immunomodulation and targeted therapy.

Background: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis, molecular heterogeneity, and therapy resistance. Key biomarkers such as EGFR, ALK, KRAS, and PD-1 have revolutionized precision oncology; however, comprehensive structural and clinical validation of these targets is crucial to enhance therapeutic efficacy.

Methods: Protein sequences for EGFR, ALK, KRAS, and PD-1 were retrieved from UniProt and modeled using SWISS-MODEL to generate high-confidence 3D structures.

Single-Molecule Dual-Anchor Design Enables Extreme-Condition Lithium Metal Batteries Through Solvation Reconstruction and Cathode Polymerization.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have emerged as the most promising candidate for next-generation high-energy-density energy storage systems. However, their practical implementation is hindered by the inability of conventional carbonate electrolytes to simultaneously stabilize the lithium metal anode and LiNiCoMnO (NCM811) cathode interfaces, particularly under extreme operating conditions. Herein, we present a transformative molecular design using 3,5-difluorophenylboronic acid neopentyl glycol ester (DNE), which uniquely integrates dual interfacial stabilization mechanisms in a single molecule.

Impact of wettability heterogeneity on methane hydrate growth kinetics in partially water-saturated sediments.

Hypothesis: Gas hydrate formation in sediments is influenced by the availability of gas-water interfacial areas, which governs gas-water interactions. The surface wettability of sediment particles is expected to affect the spatial distribution of water within the pore space, thereby altering the extent of gas-liquid contact. Consequently, by tuning the wettability heterogeneity of the sediment, the spatial distribution of pore water can be regulated, which in turn influences the gas-water interactions and the kinetics of gas hydrate formation.

Asymmetric Fe-O-Ni Pair Sites in Two-Step Dealloyed Prussian Blue Analogue Nanocubes Enrich Linear-Adsorbed Intermediates for Efficient Oxygen Evolution.

Ni-Fe (oxy)hydroxides are among the most active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in alkaline media. However, achieving precise control over local asymmetric Fe-O-Ni active sites in Ni-Fe oxyhydroxides for key oxygenated intermediates' adsorption steric configuration regulation of the OER is still challenging. Herein, we report a two-step dealloying strategy to fabricate asymmetric Fe-O-Ni pair sites in the shell of NiOOH@FeOOH/NiOOH heterostructures from NiFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA) nanocubes, involving anion exchange and structure reconstruction.

KDM4A-induced tumor senescence enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy by inhibiting AGT-PHB1 axis-mediated mitophagy in colorectal cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can re-active the immune response and induce a complete response in mismatch repair-deficient and microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC). However, most CRCs exhibit proficient mismatch repair and microsatellite stable (pMMR/MSS) phenotypes with limited immunotherapy response because of sparse intratumoral CD8 T-lymphocyte infiltration. Cellular senescence has been reported to involve immune cell infiltration through a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

Three-dimensional optical path extended gourd-type photoacoustic cell for highly sensitive trace acetylene sensing.

A novel gourd-type photoacoustic cell (GTPAC) has been developed, featuring a highly reflective, polished gold film-coated inner wall that minimizes optical loss and maximizes light utilization efficiency. GTPAC integrates two coupled spherical chambers with a radius ratio 2:3, which is close to the golden ratio. Its unique Gaussian curvature distribution enables multi-directional, disordered light beam reflection without complex optical alignment.

Ligand-Enabled Cu-Catalyzed Deoxyalkynylation of α-Unfunctionalized Alcohols with Terminal Alkynes.

Despite the widespread utility of transition metal-catalyzed cross-couplings in organic synthesis, the coupling of unactivated alkyl electrophiles remains challenging due to sluggish oxidative addition and competing side reactions. Here, we describe a general and practical copper-catalyzed radical deoxyalkynylation of α-unfunctionalized alcohols through a synergistic combination of Barton-McCombie deoxygenation and copper-catalyzed radical cross-coupling. Key to the success of this method lies in not only the development of rigid anionic multiple N,N,N-ligand to exert remarkable selectivity of highly reactive unactivated alkyl radicals, but also the selection of one suitable oxidant to suppress Glaser homocoupling and other side products.

Enantioselective Assembly of (Hetero)aryl Alkyl Sulfilimines via Copper-Catalyzed -Arylation of -Alkyl Sulfenamides with (Hetero)aryl Iodides.

Currently, most sulfoximine clinical candidates feature both -aryl and -alkyl substituents. The asymmetric synthesis of these compounds typically relies on oxidizing corresponding enantioenriched sulfilimines. Herein, we describe an effective catalytic system comprising CuI and an azabicyclo[2.

[Treatment approaches for affected eyes in hospitalized patients with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma: a multicenter retrospective analysis].

To investigate the treatment approaches for attacking eyes in patients with clinical acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG) and their alignment with the recommendations in the . A cross-sectional study was conducted, including medical records of consecutive inpatients diagnosed with APACG from 22 ophthalmic centers nationwide during three periods: September 7, 2020, to January 6, 2021; September 7, 2021, to January 6, 2022; and September 7, 2022, to January 6, 2023. For patients meeting the inclusion criteria in both eyes, the right eye was uniformly selected for analysis.

Platelet dynamics and thrombocytopenia in dengue fever: A prospective cohort study from Shenzhen, China.

Introduction: Dengue fever, the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease, causes ∼400 million infections annually. Although thrombocytopenia is commonly associated with dengue, how it evolves in relation to viral load and immune responses remains poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate platelet-virus-immune interactions in acute dengue by systematically tracking of viral load, platelet parameters, and leukocyte dynamics.

Adaptive individualized gene pair signatures distinguishing melanoma and predicting response to immune checkpoint blockade.

Distinguishing similar cancer subtypes and predicting responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) are critical for improving clinical outcomes. However, existing gene expression signatures often suffer from batch effects and poor generalizability across cohorts. To address these limitations, we propose adaptive individualized gene pair signatures (AIGPS), a robust method that adaptively quantifies gene pair reversals and selects informative features using machine learning.

Within-host population dynamics of extensively drug-resistant revealed by an over 3-year longitudinal study.

Background And Objectives: Drug resistance is a major contributor to tuberculosis (TB) deaths worldwide. Understanding the dynamics of in-host evolution of (MTB) drug resistance can help to improve treatment success rates.

Methodology: The microevolution of drug-resistant MTB was studied in three patients with long-standing, extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) by analyzing whole genome sequences of serial isolates collected during treatment.

Oncogenic role of the SLC7A13-SLC3A1 cystine transporter in human luminal breast cancer and its cryo-EM structure.

Breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy worldwide. The majority of breast cancers belong to the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive luminal subtype that can be effectively treated with antiestrogen therapies. However, a significant portion of such malignancies become hormone-refractory and incurable.

Catalytic C-N Bond-Forming Processes from Inorganic Ammonium Salts.

Catalytic C-N coupling reactions are among the most important bond-forming events in synthetic chemistry. Ammonium salts are economic and easily available inorganic compounds, serving as ideal nitrogen sources for nitrogen-containing organic compounds. The use of ammonium salts highlights the synthesis of -containing organic compounds from inorganic compounds.

Imaging of Anodic Electrocatalytic Reactions via Cathodic Electrochemiluminescence on Focused Ion Beam-Fabricated Closed Bipolar Nanoelectrode Arrays.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging through closed bipolar nanoelectrode arrays (BPnEAs) has emerged as a promising method for in situ label-free wide-field electrochemical imaging. In this study, a cathodic ECL system based on [Ru(bpz)]/SO is combined with the BPnEAs fabricated on silicon nitride membrane windows through focused ion beam nanofabrication, enabling effective bipolar imaging of heterogeneous anodic electrocatalytic reactions. The shape, distribution, size, and material composition of individual electrodes within the array can be precisely controlled.