Personalized Interactive Music Systems for Physical Activity and Exercise: Exploratory Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Personalized Interactive Music Systems (PIMSs) are emerging as promising devices for enhancing physical activity and exercise outcomes. By leveraging real-time data and adaptive technologies, PIMSs align musical features, such as tempo and genre, with users' physical activity patterns, including frequency and intensity, enhancing their overall experience.

Objective: This exploratory systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of PIMSs across physical, psychophysical, and affective domains.

Presynaptic and postsynaptic determinants of claustro-cortical connectivity.

The claustrum (CLA) is a thin and elongated brain structure that is located between the insula and lateral striatum and is implicated in a wide range of behaviors. It is characterized by its extensive synaptic connectivity with multiple cortical regions. While CLA projection neurons are glutamatergic, several studies have shown an inhibitory impact of CLA on its cortical targets, suggesting the involvement of inhibitory cortical interneurons.

From cues to categorizations: An integrative framework for leader (re-)categorization over time.

Who is perceived as a leader? Traditional theories of leader categorization have primarily emphasized observable behaviors as the key basis for making this judgment. However, a growing body of research shows that perceivers rely on a broader set of cues-beyond behavior alone-that differentially shape leadership attributions. To integrate these perspectives, we present a comprehensive review of how multiple-and sometimes competing-cues are perceived, interpreted, and activated as traits in the leader categorization process.

Presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses in eyes with corneal conditions: an update.

Purpose Of Review: Modern presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses (IOLs) offer a potential solution to address the rising postoperative demand and expectations for spectacle independence following cataract surgery. However, IOL calculation and selection becomes more complex when presented with previous corneal refractive surgery (CRS) or co-existing corneal conditions. This review explores the use of presbyopia-correcting IOLs in eyes with co-existing corneal conditions or surgically altered corneas.

Exploring healthcare professionals' perceptions on implementing home hemodialysis and self-assisted hemodialysis: a qualitative explorative study.

Objective: To explore healthcare professionals' perceptions on the implementation of home hemodialysis and self-assisted hemodialysis in Singapore and to identify the perceived barriers, facilitators, and actionable strategies for increasing uptake.

Methods: This is a qualitative explorative study based on semi-structured face-to-face interviews conducted with a multidisciplinary group of 12 healthcare professionals at an acute teaching hospital in Singapore. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis.

Effectiveness and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/ml in High-Risk Subgroups (Renal Impairment and Older Age ≥ 70 years) of Insulin-Naïve People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post hoc Analysis of Real-World ATOS Study.

Introduction: This post hoc analysis of an A Toujeo Observational Study (ATOS) aims to evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla-300) in high-risk subgroups of insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes (PwT2D) from multiple geographical regions (Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Latin America, and Eastern Europe).

Methods: In these post hoc analyses of ATOS, a real-world, 12-month, prospective study included 4422 insulin-naïve adults (age ≥ 18 years) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) uncontrolled (HbA > 7% and ≤ 11%) on one or more oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) who initiated Gla-300 treatment as per routine practice. Primary and secondary endpoints were studied according to renal impairment (RI) status (without or with) and age group ( View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A human striatal-midbrain assembloid model of alpha-synuclein propagation.

Animal models of the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD) have provided most of the treatments to date, but the disease is restricted to human patients. In vitro models using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs)-derived neural organoids have provided improved access to study PD etiology. This study established a method to generate human striatal-midbrain assembloids (hSMAs) from hPSCs for modeling alpha-synuclein (α-syn) propagation and recapitulating basal ganglia circuits, including nigrostriatal and striatonigral pathways.

Oxophilic Sites Mediated Dynamic Oxygen Replenishment to Stabilize Lattice Oxygen Catalysis in Acidic Water Oxidation.

Developing efficient and durable catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic media is essential for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). However, catalyst instability caused by lattice oxygen (O) depletion and metal dissolution remains a critical barrier. Here, we propose an oxophilic-site-mediated dynamic oxygen replenishment mechanism (DORM), in which O actively participates in O-O bond formation and is continuously refilled by water-derived species.

Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Uptake of an Alternative Call Management Strategy for Home-Based Hospice Care.

Background: In home-based hospice care, frontline nurses frequently need to take unscheduled incoming calls while out in the field. This interrupts critical tasks and disrupts patient rapport, potentially lowering care quality for patients. At HCA Hospice in Singapore, the 30 frontline nurses could receive up to 135 calls/day.

Optimizing Patient Engagement with Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Across the Cancer Continuum: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) enhance patient-centered care but routine implementation in oncology settings remains challenging. This study seeks to explore patients' experiences with routine PROM integration within a health care setting with employed strategies to maximize uptake and inclusivity.

Methods: A qualitative study employing a phenomenological approach was conducted at the National Cancer Centre Singapore.

Communicating to the Intellect, Heart, and Person: A Model Describing Participants' Experience of Goals of Care Discussions Conducted During Acute Inpatient Care.

Background: Goals of care (GOC) discussions align medical care with patients' wishes. Many physician-associated barriers to GOC discussions have been identified, but there is little understanding of the lived experiences of patients and their nominated health care spokespersons (NHSs) who have participated in the discussion.

Objectives: We aimed to describe the lived experience of participants of GOC discussions conducted during acute inpatient care and identify the features of well-conducted GOC discussions.

Beneficial effect of medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy on mental health of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease in the world. It results in not only physical limitation and pain, but also negatively impacts quality of life and mental wellbeing. Treatment options such as medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) help to relieve pain and improve functionality, but there is limited literature on the effect on mental health.

Retinal Layer Thickness and Volume Measurements in Traumatic Brain Injury.

To assess retinal layer thickness and volume by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with prior traumatic brain injury (TBI). Adults (≥18 years) with prior TBI were prospectively recruited. 512 × 128-mm macular cube scans were obtained using Zeiss Cirrus HD-5000 OCT.

Comparative Cancer Incidence by Organ Site in Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Janus Kinase Inhibitors versus Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors: A Retrospective Real-World Cohort Analysis.

Objective: We aim to evaluate the malignancy risk between Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) users and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) users in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, using a large real-world electronic health record database (TriNetX).

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we identified adult RA patients initiating JAKi or TNFi therapy between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022, within the TriNetX global federated network. The hazard ratio (HR) and confidence intervals (CI) of incident-specific cancers, overall cancer incidence, and all-cause mortality, were calculated between the propensity score matched JAKi and TNFi cohorts.

Genetics of Sudden Cardiac Arrest: Overview of Genetic Risk Factors and Aetiologies.

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the predominant cause of SCD in older individuals, while inherited cardiomyopathies and channelopathies are more common in younger individuals under the age of 35 years. Genetic disorders associated with SCD have traditionally been perceived as monogenic disorders.

Flavonoids in atopic dermatitis: mechanisms, delivery innovations, and translational strategies.

Objective: To provide a comprehensive narrative synthesis of recent advances in the pharmacological actions and therapeutic potential of natural flavonoids in atopic dermatitis (AD), with emphasis on their multi-target pharmacological effects across core pathological mechanisms. The review also addresses pharmacokinetic limitations, formulation challenges, delivery innovations, safety concerns, and emerging clinical evidence to inform translational research and therapeutic development.

Methods: This narrative review is based on a targeted literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink, covering English-language, peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2025.

Multiomics Integration and Machine Learning Reveal Colony Stimulating Factor 3 Receptor as a Key Gene and Therapeutic Target in Crohn's Disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by complex immune dysregulation in which the identification of key molecular drivers is critical for the advancement of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this study, we integrated transcriptomic data from multiple cohorts and applied three machine learning algorithms-Random forest, support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)-to robustly identify key gene, converging on CSF3R as a top candidate. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis supported a causal role of CSF3R in CD pathogenesis (OR = 1.

Impact of Market Authorization Holder (MAH) system on pharmaceutical innovation in China.

Background: The Market Authorization Holder (MAH) system in China, which separates marketing authorisation from production authorisation, was piloted in 2016 across 10 provinces and cities and was fully implemented at the end of 2019 with the new revision of the 'Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China'. This study examines the impact of the MAH system on innovation in China's pharmaceutical industry.

Methods: Using data from A-share pharmaceutical enterprises between 2009 and 2023, this study employs a Propensity Score Matching Difference-in-Difference (PSM-DID) design.

Challenges in using massively parallel sequencing technology for forensic DNA analysis in Southeast Asia.

Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) has caused a paradigm shift in forensic DNA analysis by enabling simultaneous examination of multiple genetic markers with higher resolution. Despite its growing importance, adoption in the 11 Southeast Asian countries remains limited. This paper reviews MPS implementation in forensic DNA laboratories across the region and discusses key adoption challenges.

Research on ways to attract foreign patients to a Korean medicine clinic: a retrospective 2024 case study from Seoul.

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment patterns of foreign patients visiting a single Korean medicine clinic to identify strategies for improving TKM-based medical tourism in South Korea.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of 318 foreign outpatients who visited Tong-In Korean Medicine Clinic in Seoul from January to December 2024. Data on patient demographics, nationality, number of visits, treatment modalities, diagnoses, and herbal medicine prescriptions were collected and analyzed.

Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease - Provision, Attendance, and Outcomes: Results from the INTERASPIRE Survey from Fourteen Countries Across Six WHO Regions.

Background: INTERASPIRE was an observational study of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) from 88 hospitals in 14 countries across all six WHO regions. The objective was to describe the proportions of patients referred to and attending cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes and to compare lifestyle and risk factor target achievement according to participation in a CR programme.

Methods: Patients 18-80 years of age, with a first or recurrent coronary hospitalisation (acute coronary syndrome and/or revascularisation procedure) were identified and invited to an interview and examination, between six months and two years after the index hospitalisation.

Anal metastases from colorectal cancer - a case report and review of literature.

Colorectal cancer occasionally metastasizes to the anal canal. Studies on the matter are dated and it is timely to review the current evidence. We report a case of a 52-year-old male with rectosigmoid adenocarcinoma and a metastatic anal nodule at the scar of a previously treated perianal abscess.

Lymphoma in the breast: a diagnostic and treatment dilemma.

Lymphoma involving the breast is an uncommon clinical entity, comprising ˂0.5% of all breast malignancies. Due to its rarity, there is no standardized treatment approach.

An Unusual Cause of Massive Per Vaginal Bleeding.

Massive per vaginal bleeding from ectopic pelvic varices is an exceedingly rare presentation in patients with cirrhosis. A 60-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with massive per vaginal (PV) bleeding. Computerized tomography scan showed extensive portosystemic collaterals with a large collateral vessel from the splenic vein to the region of her previous caesarean scar, on a background of liver cirrhosis.