In situ formed chemo-immunotherapeutic hydrogel for suppression of postoperative glioma recurrence and intraoperative hemostasis.

Glioma recurrence and intraoperative bleeding present significant challenges in the treatment of glioma. Gliomas are highly invasive and prone to rapid recurrence, while achieving effective hemostasis during neurosurgery remains critical for patient safety and successful outcomes. Here, we present an innovative in-situ formed fibrin gel-based drug delivery system (PX-478 + αPD-1@Gel), co-loaded with PX-478, a selective hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) inhibitor, and anti-programmed cell death receptor 1 (αPD-1), for controlled and sequential drug release.

Different effects of tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody and receptor fusion protein on bone metabolism.

Background: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays a crucial role in bone metabolism. It exists in two forms: soluble TNF-α (sTNF-α) and membrane-bound TNF-α (tmTNF-α). While sTNF-α primarily acts on the TNFRI signaling pathway, tmTNF-α can affect both TNFRI and TNFRII pathways.

Association between oxidative balance score and osteosarcopenia in US adults: insights from a population-based study.

Background: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are interrelated conditions that significantly contribute to adverse health outcomes. Both conditions are negatively influenced by oxidative stress. While antioxidant supplementation has been explored as a potential intervention, its efficacy remains inconsistent, highlighting the complexity of oxidative stress management.

Comprehensive Characterization of the Immune Microenvironment Based on Nested Resampling Machine Learning Framework Identifies TRAF3 Interacting Protein 3 as a Promising Regulator to Improve the Resistance to Immunotherapy in Glioma.

Diffuse glioma, the most prevalent and malignant intracranial tumor, presents a formidable challenge due to its immunosuppressive microenvironment, which complicates conventional therapeutic approaches. This study conducted a comprehensive prognostic meta-analysis involving 2,968 patients with diffuse glioma and established a comprehensive machine learning framework with nested resampling of 18 machine learning algorithms, and developed the Immune Glioma Survival Signature (IGLoS). This signature, comprising CCL19, ICOSLG, IL11, PTGES, TNFAIP3, and TRAF3IP3, has been demonstrated to predict survival outcomes across a range of cancers and to correlate with tumor progression at the level of multi-omics.

Structural characterization of six new Lepidium meyenii polysaccharides and their effects on gut microbiota in vitro.

Lepidium meyenii Walp. (maca) is known for its bioactive polysaccharides but has limited research. In this study, six new polysaccharides including one α-glucan (MCP-3) and five (un)saturated homogalacturonan (MCP-4a, MCP-4b, MCP-4c, MCP-5a, and MCP-5b) were isolated from maca.

Water tree damage self-healing properties of plasma modified tri-layer shell-nucleated microcapsules/cross-linked polyethylene composites.

This paper proposes a self-repairing material for cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) based on a microcapsule system to solve the problem of insulation degradation caused by water tree aging. The microcapsules are extrinsic self-healing systems, which not only have good stability and high repair rates but also have little impact on the performance of the matrix. Plasma-modified tri-layer shell-nucleated microcapsules/XLPE composites were prepared by room temperature air radio frequency plasma discharge, and their insulation properties were tested to analyze the effect of microcapsule doping content on material properties.

Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Videoangiography with FLOW800 and Multimodal Fusion Neuro-Navigation for the Resection of Arteriovenous Malformation with Reduced Blood Loss.

Objective: To assess the safety and effectiveness of combining indocyanine green videoangiography with FLOW800 and multimodal fusion neuro-navigation in brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) microsurgical resection.

Methods: From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2022, 90 consecutive patients at The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University diagnosed with AVMs were included. Patients were divided into a combined treatment group and a noncombined treatment group based on the treatment received.

Novel galactose-rich polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum: structural characterization and immunomodulatory activities.

Galactose-rich polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum have emerged as promising immunomodulatory agents, yet their structural characteristics and mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we isolated and characterized a novel galactose-rich polysaccharide (GLP-1b, 16.79 kDa) from Ganoderma lucidum.

Identifying the genetic association between rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of infectious diseases.

Background: Previous evidence suggests an association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and infectious diseases, but the causal relationship remains unclear. This study sought to explore causal associations between RA and five common infections: pneumonia, sepsis, urinary tract infections (UTI), skin and subcutaneous tissue infections (SSTI), and bacterial intestinal infections (BII).

Methods: To identify the causal links, we adopted a Mendelian randomization (MR) design utilizing the inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger approaches.

Triterpenoids with inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation from Ganoderma lucidum.

Eight undescribed lanostane-type triterpenes (1-8) and twenty-seven known analogues (9-35) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic techniques. Ganosinenic acid D (1) and ganosinenic acid E (2) were identified as rare pentacyclic triterpenoids with an unusual four-membered carbon ring motif.

Sotorasib-impaired degradation of NEU1 contributes to cardiac injury by inhibiting AKT signaling.

Sotorasib, the inaugural targeted inhibitor sanctioned for the management of patients afflicted with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer presenting the KRAS G12C mutation, has encountered clinical application constraints due to its potential for cardiac injury as evidenced by safety trials. This investigation has elucidated that the heightened expression of neuraminidase-1 (NEU1) constitutes the principal etiology of cardiac damage induced by sotorasib. Mechanistically, sotorasib treatment inhibited the ubiquitinated degradation of NEU1, leading to its elevated expression, which induced downstream AKT signaling pathway inhibition and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Deconstruct the link between gut microbiota and neurological diseases: application of Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Recent research on the gut-brain axis has deepened our understanding of the correlation between gut bacteria and the neurological system. The inflammatory response triggered by gut microbiota may be associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, the impact of gut microbiota on emotional state, known as the "Gut-mood" relationship, could play a role in depression and anxiety disorders.

Structure-function insights of natural Ganoderma polysaccharides: advances in biosynthesis and functional food applications.

Ganoderma polysaccharides (GPs), derived from various species of the Ganoderma genus, exhibit diverse bioactivities, including immune modulation, anti-tumor effects, and gut microbiota regulation. These properties position GPs as dual-purpose agents for medicinal and functional food development. This review comprehensively explores the structural complexity of six key GPs and their specific mechanisms of action, such as TLR signaling in immune modulation, apoptosis pathways in anti-tumor activity, and their prebiotic effects on gut microbiota.

SARM1 Modulates calcium influx in secondary brain injury after experimental Intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), defined as spontaneous bleeding within brain tissue, is associated with high mortality and severe disability, often resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Early intervention to mitigate secondary brain injury is critical for neuronal protection. Sterile alpha and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor motif-containing 1 (SARM1), a member of the MyD88 family, is predominantly expressed in neurons, where it localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria.

GrpEL1 overexpression mitigates hippocampal neuron damage via mitochondrial unfolded protein response after experimental status epilepticus.

Background: Despite the availability of various antiepileptic treatments, approximately 30 % of epilepsy patients remain refractory to conventional therapies, underscoring the need for neuroprotective strategies. This study investigates the role of GrpEL1 in modulating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) and its potential protective effects on hippocampal neurons following experimental status epilepticus (SE).

Methods: The effects of GrpEL1 were assessed in vivo using a Lithium-pilocarpine rat model of SE and in vitro with glutamate-treated HT22 hippocampal cells.

Management and long-term follow-up of basilar trunk artery aneurysms: a single center experience.

Basilar trunk artery (BTA) aneurysm is a serious disease, management of which remains controversial and challenging. We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of 67 patients with 72 BTA aneurysms diagnosed and treated at our institution. Finally, 39 participants underwent conservative treatment and 27 received endovascular surgical treatment, including one patient who underwent external carotid artery-radial artery-second segment of the posterior cerebral artery bypass.

Recent advances in immunotherapy targeting CETP proteins for atherosclerosis prevention.

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a key role in lipoprotein metabolism, and its activity has been linked to the risk of atherosclerosis (AS). CETP inhibitors, such as obicetrapib, represent a novel approach in immunotherapy to reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by targeting lipid metabolism. In addition, CETP vaccines are being explored as a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of ASCVD by inducing the body to produce antibodies against CETP, which is expected to reduce CETP activity, thereby increasing high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels.

Enhanced piezoelectric sensor to distinguish real-time arrhythmia for predicting heart failure.

Monitoring cardiac rhythm is crucial for diagnosis of heart failure. However, the deficient sensitivity of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) sensors impede their application in monitoring of cardiac rhythm due to the limited piezoelectricity. Here, doping of CoFeO and aligning fibers were jointly adopted to enhance the piezoelectricity of PVDF, attributed to the transformation of α-PVDF to β-PVDF from 51.

Associations of Exposure to 56 Serum Trace Elements with the Prevalence and Severity of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Omics, Mixture, and Mediation Analysis.

Several studies have reported associations between specific heavy metals and essential trace elements and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, there is limited understanding of the relationships between trace elements and AMI in real-life co-exposure scenarios, where multiple elements may interact simultaneously. This cross-sectional study measured serum levels of 56 trace elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Two-dimensional liquid chromatography based on different modulations for the determination of Aristolochic Acid Ⅰ in Asari Radix et Rhizoma.

Asari Radix et Rhizoma (ARR) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine derived from the genus Asarum in the Aristolochiaceae family, which has been widely used for years. Aristolochic acids in it significantly restrict the clinical application of ARR due to its nephrotoxic and carcinogenic properties, of which aristolochic acid I (AA I) is the most representative. The present paper describes two 2D-LC systems modulated by a sample loop and a trap column respectively for the detection of trace aristolochic acid I in ARR.

Clinical outcomes of arthroscopic surgical intervention in femoroacetabular impingement amongst the Asian population: A meta-analysis.

Importance: In Asian populations, increased prevalence of hip dysplasia as well as activities of daily living which require increased hip range of motion, such as squatting, may impact outcomes of arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) when compared to their Western counterparts. Existing literature lacks a comprehensive review and synthesis of knowledge focusing on outcomes of arthroscopic intervention for FAI in the Asian population.

Objective: To conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis that examines outcomes of arthroscopic intervention in Asian patients with FAI.

Microglial mitochondrial DNA release contributes to neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage through activating AIM2 inflammasome.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe disease that often leads to disability and death. Neuroinflammatory response is a key causative factor of early secondary brain injury after ICH. AIM2 is a DNA-sensing protein that recognizes cytosolic double-stranded DNA and take a significant part in neuroinflammation.

Underlying mechanisms and management strategies for regorafenib-induced toxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85% of liver cancer cases and is the third leading cause of cancer death. Regorafenib is a multi-target inhibitor that dramatically prolongs progression-free survival in HCC patients who have failed sorafenib therapy. However, one of the primary factors limiting regorafenib's clinical utilization is toxicity.