Toll-like Receptor Expression Patterns in the Female Reproductive Tract of Sheep.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in innate immunity, but their function in reproduction remains poorly understood. This study investigated the expression patterns and localization of TLR1-9 in the reproductive system of Hu sheep and their potential association with prolificacy. All TLRs were expressed in the oviduct, uterus, and ovary, with TLR6 showing significantly higher expression in the oviduct, while TLR3, TLR6, and TLR7 were predominantly expressed in the ovary.

Emergence of a Recombinant Bovine Enterovirus in China: Insights from Phylogenetic and Temporal Analysis.

Bovine enteroviruses (BEVs) are emerging pathogens with poorly understood evolutionary dynamics and zoonotic potential. Here, we report the discovery of a novel recombinant BEV strain, HeN-2022, isolated from cattle in China. Genomic analysis revealed that HeN-2022 is a primary hybrid of BEV-E1 (VG527, Ireland) and BEV-E4 (GX1901, China), with recombination breakpoints in the VP1 gene and 5' UTR.

Proteomic Profiling of Hu Sheep Placental Development Across Gestational Stages Reveals Stage-Specific Regulatory Networks.

Placental development plays a pivotal role in ensuring successful pregnancy outcomes, yet its molecular regulatory mechanisms in sheep remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to systematically investigate stage-specific proteomic dynamics and functional adaptations in ovine placental tissues across gestation to elucidate molecular drivers of placental maturation. Using data-independent acquisition proteomics, we identified 7774 proteins in Hu sheep placental tissues at gestational days 50, 80, and 120.

Evaluation of the genetic diversity and population structure of 5 pheasant breeds in Shanghai.

The genetics of pheasant breeds in Chinese farms has not been investigated yet. Understanding their genetic diversity and population structure is important for future advancements in pheasant breeding. In this study, the whole-genome resequencing was used to analyze a total of 352 samples from 5 pheasant species (American pheasant, White pheasant, Green pheasant, Shenhong pheasant, and Fengxian blue pheasant).

A Novel Immunochromatographic Test Strip Using Lanthanide-Labeled Fluorescent Nanoparticles for the Serological Detection of in Dogs and Cats.

() is an important zoonotic pathogen which induces both acute and chronic toxoplasmosis. Timely diagnosis of is crucial for effective disease management. Here, we present a pioneering approach using europium (III)-chelated nanoparticles (EuNPs) in a rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic test strip (ICTS) for detecting antibodies in serum samples.

Effect of β-hydroxybutyrate acid on gene expression levels of antioxidant biomarkers and growth hormone-related genes in liver cell culture.

Introduction: In dairy cattle, oxidative stress is a predominant problem associated with diseases and reproductive health issues. This study aimed to detect the variation in the antioxidant biomarkers by adding different concentrations of β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and sought to elucidate its effects on the gene expression levels of growth hormone (GH) and antioxidant biomarkers in bovine hepatocytes.

Material And Methods: Four antioxidant biomarkers, namely malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px) were evaluated using commercially available bovine ELISA kits.

Molecular characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 isolates from pigeon meat farms in Shanghai (2009-2012).

The majority of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) strains are generally non-pathogenic to chickens; however, they can induce severe illness and high mortality rates in pigeons, leading to substantial economic repercussions. The genomes of 11 PPMV-1 isolates from deceased pigeons on meat pigeon farms during passive monitoring from 2009 to 2012 were sequenced and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis. The complete genome lengths of 11 isolates were approximately 15,192 nucleotides, displaying a consistent gene order of 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5'.

Research Progress of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus NSP2 Protein.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is globally prevalent and seriously harms the economic efficiency of pig farming. Because of its immunosuppression and high incidence of mutant recombination, PRRSV poses a great challenge for disease prevention and control. Nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2) is the most variable functional protein in the PRRSV genome and can generate NSP2N and NSP2TF variants due to programmed ribosomal frameshifts.

Biological Characteristics of Feline Calicivirus Epidemic Strains in China and Screening of Broad-Spectrum Protective Vaccine Strains.

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is one of the most important pathogens causing upper respiratory tract diseases in cats, posing a serious health threat to these animals. At present, FCV is mainly prevented through vaccination, but the protective efficacy of vaccines in China is limited. In this study, based on the differences in capsid proteins of isolates from different regions in China, as reported in our previous studies, seven representative FCV epidemic strains were selected and tested for their viral titers, virulence, immunogenicity, and extensive cross-protection.

A Recombinase-Aided Amplification Assay for the Detection of .

is an important zoonotic agent for humans and various animals. A recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay was developed for detecting . RAA can be performed in a closed tube at 39°C within 30 min.

DON entry into the nucleus induces DNA damage, apoptosis and cycle arrest in GES-1 cells.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin produced by the genus Fusarium and belongs to the trichothecenes group B compound. At present, the mechanism of DON toxicity to mammalian cells is not fully understood. Since the stomach is the first physiological barrier against food contaminants, it is also the first target of exposure to toxins.

Sensitive and rapid RT-RPA-Cas12a-mediated detection method capable of human rhinovirus A and/or C species by targeting VP4.

Human rhinovirus (HRV), the main etiologic agent of the common cold, is responsible for significant morbidity, medical costs, and the loss of productivity in the workplace and school. To prevent the spread of HRV, accurate, low-cost and rapid diagnostics of HRV is crucial for identifying those at-risk for the illness associated with HRV, with the most frequently detected species, including HRV species A (HRV-A) and C (HRV-C). Here, a novel HRV-A and/or HRV-C molecular diagnostic assay that integrates reverse-transcription recombinase polymerase amplification assay (RT-RPA) amplification with CRISPR/Cas12a detection, with the result readout using a fluorescence detector or lateral flow strip (LFS).

Differentiation of Subclinical Ketosis and Liver Function Test Indices in Adipose Tissues Associated With Hyperketonemia in Postpartum Dairy Cattle.

Past studies suggested that during early lactation and the transition period, higher plasma growth hormone (GH) levels in subclinical ketosis (SCK) might involve the initiation of body adipose tissues mobilization, resulting in metabolic disorders in ruminants particularly hyperketonemia. The upregulated GH mRNA expression in adipose tissue may take part in the adipolysis process in SCK-affected cows that paves a way for study further. This study aimed to characterize the plasma levels of GH, β-hydroxybutyrate acid (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and glucose (GLu) in ketotic cows and healthy control (CON) cows; to measure the liver function test (LFT) indices in ketotic and healthy CON cows, and finally the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay of candidate genes expressed in adipose tissues of ketotic and healthy CON cows during 0 to 7 week postpartum.

Epidemiology of pseudorabies in intensive pig farms in Shanghai, China: Herd-level prevalence and risk factors.

Pseudorabies (PR), also known as Aujeszky's disease, is a highly contagious disease affecting pigs and a wide range of animals. Pseudorabies is enzootic in many countries. In China, it is a priority animal disease for control and eradication, however the data on disease frequency in intensive pig farms and the information on associated risk factors is inadequate.