"Weekend Warrior" Exercise Pattern Protects Against MASLD and Mortality Comparable to Regular Exercise: National Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) guidelines recommend > 150 min per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). It is unclear if concentrating MVPA into 1-2 days per week ["weekend warrior" (WW) pattern] offers similar benefits to spreading activity throughout the week. We aimed to assess the association of WW activity pattern with MASLD prevalence, mortality, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk among individuals with MASLD.

Assessment of the determinants of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in selected Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries within the framework of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis.

Background: This study examines the relationship between agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, economic growth (EG), and financial development (FD) within the framework of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Using data from 2000 to 2020, the panel data analysis evaluates variables including EG, FD, foreign direct investment (FDI), agricultural energy consumption (EC), population (POP), agricultural land (LAND), and environmental policy stringency (EPS).

Results: Long-run elasticity estimates obtained using bias-adjusted ordinary least squares (BA-OLS) demonstrate an inverted U-shaped relationship between EG, FD, and GHG emissions.

Microplastics in commercial fish and their habitats in the important fishing ground of the Black Sea: Characteristic, concentration, and risk assessment.

Microplastics in commercial fish species from both pelagic and benthic environments were analysed, along with their distribution in the southeastern Black Sea's surface, water column, and sediments. A total of 659 fish from 6 species (Trachurus mediterraneus, Merlangius merlangus, Mullus barbatus, Scophthalmus maximus, Platichthys flesus, Pegusa lascaris) were collected from 4 stations between March and July 2022. Microplastics were characterized using optical microscopy and FT-IR analysis.

Longitudinal Changes in Fibrosis Markers: Monitoring Stiffness/Fibrosis Progression and Prognostic Outcomes in MASLD.

Background & Aims: Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) is a noninvasive tool for assessing liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, its role of dynamic FIB-4 for assessing fibrosis progression and predicting clinical outcomes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between changes in FIB-4 and changes in liver stiffness, fibrosis progression, and outcomes in MASLD.

Use of X means and C4.5 algorithms on lateral cephalometric measurements to identify craniofacial patterns.

Background: Craniofacial phenotyping is essential for individualized orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Traditional skeletal classifications, such as the ANB angle, may oversimplify complex relationships among malocclusion types. Machine learning-based unsupervised methods may allow for more nuanced sub-phenotypic classification.

The Effect of the Reading Circle Method on Curiosity and Exploration, Creative Reading and Visual Literacy.

This study examined the effects of the reading circle method on the curiosity and discovery perceptions, creative reading skills and visual literacy competencies of Turkish teacher candidates. The study group of the study conducted for this purpose consists of 48 teacher candidates studying in the Turkish language teaching department of a university in the north of Türkiye. A sequential mixed design was used in this study, which was conducted with mixed methods.

Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasias: Phenotypic and Genotypic Findings in 32 Cases.

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasias are a genetic condition affecting ectoderm-derived structures such as hair, teeth, nails, and sweat glands, resulting from variations in the EDA, EDAR, EDARADD, and WNT10A genes. This study examined 32 cases from 25 unrelated families from Türkiye, identifying seven novel variants in the EDA, EDAR, and WNT10A genes. The distribution of genetic alterations across the cohort revealed that 44% of the families (11/25) harbored variants in EDA, whereas EDAR and WNT10A variants were identified in 32% (8/25) and 24% (6/25) of families, respectively.

Marine litter on the Turkish Black Sea shoreline: Abundance, composition, and sources.

Marine litter (ML) is a growing environmental concern worldwide, particularly in semi-enclosed basins such as the Black Sea, where limited water exchange and high anthropogenic pressure exacerbate pollution risks. This study presents the first large-scale, standardized assessment of marine litter along the Turkish Black Sea coastline, based on surveys conducted at 37 stations spanning diverse coastal settings. A total of 29,610 litter items were recorded, with an average density of 0.

Predicting mortality and intensive care needs in geriatric trauma patients: A ROC analysis of frailty and trauma scoring systems.

Background: The global increase in the geriatric population presents significant challenges for healthcare systems. Trauma, mainly resulting from falls, constitutes a primary cause of morbidity and mortality among older people. It is imperative to evaluate mortality risk and the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission among geriatric trauma patients to optimize clinical outcomes.

Orthopedic trauma management in pediatric earthquake victims: a single-center experience from the 2023 Türkiye disaster.

Purpose: The Kahramanmaraş earthquake that occurred on February 6, 2023, caused significant destruction and resulted in a high incidence of pediatric injuries, especially musculoskeletal pathologies. This study aims to contribute to an effective health service model that will meet the special needs of children in natural disasters by identifying the frequency and variety of trauma and musculoskeletal pathologies observed in children following the Kahramanmaraş earthquake, as well as the treatment methods implemented for these injuries.

Methods: In this study, 135 pediatric patients who were admitted to the hospital within the first three days after the February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş earthquake were analyzed retrospectively.

Comprehensive analysis of the codon usage patterns in the polyprotein coding sequences of the honeybee viruses.

Honeybee viruses (HVs) are some of the most significant pathogens affecting these insects and are commonly found in beehives across the globe. This viral infection leads to substantial economic losses in the beekeeping industry. To understand the evolution and adaptation of HVs, such as Acute Bee Paralysis Virus (ABPV), Kashmir Bee Virus (KBV), Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV), and Sacbrood Virus (SBV), a detailed analysis of codon usage bias (CUB) was conducted, as no prior studies on this topic had been reported.

Non-invasive tests for resmetirom treatment fail to accurately define the target population: Evidence from a biopsy-proven MASLD cohort.

Background And Aim: Resmetirom received conditional Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 2024 for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) based on its promising liver-targeted therapy. Clinical trials required a histological diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with F2-F3 fibrosis, excluding cirrhosis, while real-world prescribing relies on non-invasive tests (NITs). This study evaluates their efficacy in identifying the target population within a biopsy-proven Turkish MASLD cohort.

The Worldwide Prevalence of Radix Molaris in Mandibular Second Molars Assessed by Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the worldwide prevalence of radix entomolaris (RE) and paramolaris (RP) in mandibular second molars via cone beam computed tomography.

Methods: The electronic databases MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were searched using related MeSH keywords. In vivo cone-beam computed tomography-based studies that evaluated the prevalence of RE and RP in mandibular second molars were retrieved and assessed.

Clinical comparison of direct and indirect class II composite restorations: a prospective 12-month follow-up study.

Background: This study evaluated the clinical performance of posterior restorations made with direct and indirect composite materials.

Methods: In 74 participants, 79 class II cavities were restored using direct composite (Filtek Ultimate) and indirect composite (Crea.lign) materials.

Phytochemical profiling and anticancer potential of pistachio wastes against MCF-7 breast cancer cells: a metabolic and apoptotic pathway analysis.

Food waste poses significant environmental, economic, and social challenges worldwide. Pistachio waste is recognized for its health benefits, particularly for its anticancer properties. This study assessed the phytochemical characteristics of pistachio hull (PH) and shell (PS) using various solvents (ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol).

Analysis of MMP-8, MMP-20, and TGF-β1 in molar-incisor hypomineralization and assessment of periodontal health.

Background: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume can be used to evaluate periodontal diseases, along with matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) found in GCF. Conversely, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) is implicated in amelogenesis and serves as a potential biomarker for assessing enamel mineralization. In this context, the present study aims to investigate the effect of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) on periodontal health and to evaluate the relationship between MIH and GCF volume, as well as GCF biomarkers such as MMP-8, MMP-20, and TGF-β1.

Developing Prosocial Behavior in Peer Relationships Scale Among College Students.

Prosocial behaviors, performed voluntarily by thinking of others, are crucial in maintaining relationships. Although prosocial behaviors are exhibited in every period of life, the frequency or form of these behaviors varies across life stages. Also, peer relationships have an increasing impact on behavior in adolescence and then young adulthood.

Investigation of the Effect of Audiologists' Use of Masks on Speech Discrimination Scores.

Introduction: In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate whether communication between the audiologist and the patient during speech audiometry is disrupted by the use of face masks.

Methods: This was a single-center, observational, prospective study. The audiologist obtained the speech discrimination test (SDT) while participants wore a single layer of surgical mask, an N95 mask, and also while not wearing a mask.

Multidisciplinary Team Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the MENA Region: Current Practices, Challenges, and Gaps.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with a high disease burden in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) are essential for optimizing HCC management; however, their implementation and impact may vary across healthcare settings. This study evaluates the structure, decision-making processes, and challenges faced by MDTs in HCC treatment centers across the MENA region.

Evaluation of the Effects of mRNA-COVID 19 Vaccines on Corneal Endothelium.

Purpose: The study aimed to compare corneal topographic and specular microscopic parameters before and after vaccination with activated (Pfizer -BioNTech (BNT162b2)) SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine.

Methods: 128 eyes of 64 patients were evaluated in this prospective study. The time interval between pre and post-vaccination examinations was nearly two and a half months (75.

Muscle and Fat Composition in OSA: A CT-Based Study.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with altered body composition, including increased fat accumulation and potential reductions in muscle quality. Sarcopenic obesity-a condition marked by simultaneous muscle degradation and adiposity-is of growing concern in OSAS populations. We conducted a retrospective study evaluating thoracoabdominal CT scans of 71 OSAS patients and 34 age- and sex-matched controls.

The Effect of Injection Molding Processing Parameters on Chrome-Plated Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene-Based Automotive Parts: An Industrial Scale.

In recent years, plastic decorative materials have been used in the automotive industry due to their advantages such as being environmentally friendly, aesthetic, light and economically affordable. Plastic decorative materials can exhibit high strength and metallic reflection with metal coatings. Chrome plating is generally preferred in the production of decorative plastic parts in the automotive industry.

Genome-wide analysis of codon usage bias in Ascovirus: Insights into viral evolution and host adaptation.

Ascoviruses are circular double-stranded DNA viruses that infect lepidopterans, producing large enveloped virions and causing a chronic, deadly disease with apoptosis-like cytopathology. Understanding the codon usage patterns of ascoviruses could shed light on host-virus interactions, evolutionary pressure, gene expression optimization. Nevertheless, thorough analyses of codon usage bias (CUB) within the genomes of Ascovirus (a genus in the Ascoviridae family) have yet to be conducted.