Degradation of LiNiMnO Cathodes in the PFSI Ionic Liquid Electrolyte and Carbonate Electrolytes.

LiNiMnO (LNMO) is a promising material for the cathode of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs); however, its high operating voltage causes stability issues when used with carbonate battery electrolytes. Ionic liquids are a viable alternative to conventional carbonate solvents due to their thermal stability and electrochemical window. This work reports the performance of LNMO/Li half cells with an ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE) composed of 0.

Junior-to-senior transition in elite female football: identifying predominant sources of stress among junior players from both player and coach perspectives.

Introduction: The purpose of this case study is to gain insight into and a deeper understanding of the predominant sources of stress during the junior-to-senior transition experienced by current and former female junior players and their male coaches from both the junior and senior teams.

Methods: All three groups of participants were affiliated with the same Norwegian professional football club. In total, we conducted semistructured interviews with 10 female players: five junior elite players (mean age 16.

Study protocol for 5Ways@School - An implementation and effectiveness trial of a school-based wellbeing intervention in 16 schools in Norway.

Aims: This study aims to assess the effectiveness and implementation of the 5Ways@School curriculum-based intervention in Norwegian schools. The intervention builds on the Five Ways to Wellbeing framework, and promotes five action domains: connect with others, be physically active, take notice, keep learning, and give. The study objectives include assessing the intervention's acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, and cost, as well as its impact on students' wellbeing and mental health.

Engrams Formed in Virtual Reality Exhibit Reduced Familiarity Upon Retrieval: Electrophysiological Correlates of Source Memory Retrieval Indicate Modality-Dependent Differences in Recognition Memory.

Initial findings linking Virtual Reality (VR)-based encoding to increased recollection at retrieval remain inconclusive due to heterogeneous study designs and dependence on behavioral data. To clarify under which circumstances VR-based encoding affects or enhances episodic memory retrieval, the fundamental question remains whether the encoding modality, i.e.

Genome-wide phenotypic insights into mycobacterial virulence using Drosophila melanogaster.

Drosophila melanogaster (Drosophila) is one of the most extensively studied animal models we have, with a broad, advanced, and organized research community. Yet, Drosophila has barely been exploited to understand the underlying mechanisms of mycobacterial infections, which cause some of the deadliest infectious diseases humans are currently battling. Here, we identified mycobacterial genes required for the pathogen's growth during Drosophila infection.

Joint models reveal human subcortical underpinnings of choice and learning behavior.

Decision making and learning processes together enable adaptive strategic behavior. Animal studies demonstrated the importance of subcortical regions in these cognitive processes, but the human subcortical contributions remain poorly characterized. Here, we study choice and learning processes in the human subcortex, using a tailored ultra-high field 7T functional MRI protocol combined with joint models.

Biofeedback therapy using Cerebri for the prevention of migraine attacks in adults with episodic migraine (BioCer): a randomized, wait-list controlled trial - the study protocol.

Introduction: Biofeedback is a non-pharmacological treatment option valued for its minimal risk of adverse events and offers a safe alternative for individuals seeking preventive care for migraine. Despite level A evidence for migraine prevention, biofeedback treatment is still unavailable to most patients. We developed a novel medical device (Cerebri) for multimodal biofeedback treatment that omits the need for healthcare personnel involvement.

Biases in AI: acknowledging and addressing the inevitable ethical issues.

Biases in artificial intelligence (AI) systems pose a range of ethical issues. The myriads of biases in AI systems are briefly reviewed and divided in three main categories: input bias, system bias, and application bias. These biases pose a series of basic ethical challenges: injustice, bad output/outcome, loss of autonomy, transformation of basic concepts and values, and erosion of accountability.

An instrumental variable analysis of body mass index and risk of long-term sick leave: the HUNT Study, Norway.

A more comprehensive understanding of the causal relationships between body mass index (BMI) and sick leave is needed. We aimed to examine the effect of BMI on the risk of cause-specific and all-cause long-term sick leave using an instrumental variable approach. The study included 21,918 adults participating in the two latest surveys of the population-based HUNT Study (HUNT3, 2006-2008 and HUNT4, 2017-2019) linked with registry data on cause-specific sick leave, including musculoskeletal and mental disorders.

Gene expression changes in ducklings exposed in ovo to emerging and legacy per-/poly-fluoroalkyl substances.

This study investigated the effects of two emerging PFAS compounds, perfluorododecane sulfonic acid (PFDoDS) and perfluoro-4-ethylcyclohexane sulfonic acid (PFECHS), alongside legacy perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), on gene expression in the liver, heart, and bursa of Fabricius from mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos) exposed in ovo, simulating maternal transfer to the egg. These PFAS compounds were selected based on their detection in a declining sea duck species and concerns over their endocrine disruption potential. Farmed mallard eggs were injected with 80 ng/g of PFDoDS, PFECHS, or PFOS, reflecting concentrations at the upper end of those reported in wild bird eggs.

Education and cardiovascular disease: a within-family Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Observational studies have consistently found educational inequalities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses have suggested a direct causal effect of education; however, estimates may be biased by demography or dynastic effects. This study aimed to estimate the effects of educational attainment on CVD risk and serum lipid concentrations before and after accounting for family structure.

Diversity of domestic and imported assemblages of Giardia in Norway and multi-locus sequence typing of domestic assemblage A isolates.

Giardia duodenalis is a gastrointestinal parasite and one of the most frequently reported parasitic infections associated with contaminated water. This study investigated the diversity of domestic and imported Giardia assemblages in Norway, with a focus on the genetic characterization of domestic assemblage A isolates using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) targeting six genome markers. We analysed 340 human, and 40 animal faecal samples collected between February 2022 and January 2024 from six medical microbiology laboratories and one veterinary diagnostic center across four Norwegian health regions.

Developing, running and evaluating a simulation of a guideline development meeting.

WHAT IS THIS PAPER ABOUT?: Important decisions about healthcare are made in guideline meetings. It is therefore important to involve people who will be affected by the decision. This can include patients, healthcare workers and policy makers.

Severe postpartum haemorrhage at a large referral hospital in Uganda: A prospective observational pilot study.

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality, near-misses and morbidity in Uganda and globally. Kawempe National Referral Hospital (KNRH), Uganda's largest obstetric referral hospital, receives many obstetric emergencies, including PPH, from lower-level health facilities. Little is known about the outcomes and management of severe PPH at KNRH.

Predictors, Healthcare Utilization and Costs Related to Short-Term Stays in Patients with COPD: A Registry-Based Analysis in Norway.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) incurs significant healthcare costs, often accompanied by multimorbidity. Advanced patients may need short-term stays for rehabilitation, treatment, or respite to maintain home living.

Aim: To identify predictors for a first short-term stay and study the healthcare utilization and costs compared with similar patients without a short-term stay.

Regular Physical Activity is Associated with Slower Age-Related Iohexol Clearance Decline in the General Population Without Diabetes.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is rising globally due to an aging population. The role of physical activity (PA) in slowing age-related kidney function decline in the general population remains undecided.

Methods: In the longitudinal Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey (RENIS) cohort, we investigated 1837 individuals without self-reported diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or kidney disease at baseline.

A data-driven two-microphone method for in situ sound absorption measurements of porous materialsa).

This work presents a data-driven approach to estimating the sound absorption coefficient of an infinite porous slab using a neural network and a two-microphone measurement on a finite porous sample. A one-dimensional-convolutional network predicts the sound absorption coefficient from the complex-valued transfer function between the sound pressure measured at the two microphone positions. The network is trained and validated with numerical data generated by a boundary element model using the Delany-Bazley-Miki model, demonstrating accurate predictions for various numerical samples.

The significance of upper airway density of Streptococcus pneumoniae and respiratory viruses in the aetiology and severity of paediatric community-acquired pneumonia in Norway: An observational study.

Objectives: Diagnosing paediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining lung specimens. Studies suggest that the upper-airway density of Streptococcus pneumoniae is related to the risk and severity of CAP. We studied the association between S.

Exploring the concept of surgical transition: surgical activity in the light of economic development in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana and India.

Introduction: The surgical volume indicator measures surgical activity within a population, but it does not fully untangle the details behind the statistical indicator. As health systems evolve and countries develop economically, the types of surgeries performed, providers, and levels of healthcare facilities may provide a richer understanding of changes in surgical activity. This research studied surgical activity in four diverse settings by analyzing initial data to assess trends in patient characteristics, surgical staff, case distribution, level of care, and anesthesia practices, forming the basis for a "surgical transition" framework.

High-Optical-Performance Composite Films of Deep Eutectic Solvent Pretreated-Cellulose Nanofibrils and Fibrous Clay Minerals.

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) produced via deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment were used, for the first time, to prepare composite films/nanopapers with fibrous clays (sepiolite and palygorskite). Highly transparent films containing up to 50% clay were successfully obtained, avoiding energy-intensive homogenization processes and clay chemical modifications, with absolute transparency losses relative to the transparency of the neat CNF film of ∼15% for 50% sepiolite. Higher transparency losses were found for TEMPO-oxidized CNF and cationic CNF composite films prepared for comparison purposes.

Evaluation of shotgun metagenomics as a diagnostic tool for infectious gastroenteritis.

Infectious gastroenteritis is a significant health issue globally. Identifying the causative pathogen is crucial for treatment, infection control and epidemiological surveillance. While PCR-based analyses are fast and sensitive, they only detect known pathogens.

Behavioural analysis of multi-year satellite telemetry data provides insight into narwhal (Monodon monoceros) winter prey selection in Baffin Bay.

Narwhals (Monodon monoceros) are deep-diving Arctic cetaceans that migrate seasonally between summering and wintering grounds. The Baffin Bay population overwinters in southern Baffin Bay and Davis Strait, where they are known to forage on high-energy benthic prey. Studying narwhal winter behaviour and prey preference has been challenged by their remote distribution and limited lifespan of satellite tags deployed in summer, restricting data on their habitat use and foraging strategies.

Shake-Down Spectroscopy as State- and Site-Specific Probe of Ultrafast Chemical Dynamics.

Tracking the multifarious ultrafast electronic and structural changes occurring in a molecule during a photochemical transformation is a challenging endeavor that benefits from recent experimental and computational progress in time-resolved techniques. Measurements of valence electronic states, which provide a global picture of the bonding structure of the molecule, and core electronic states, which provide insight into the local environment, traditionally require different approaches and are often studied separately. Here, we demonstrate that X-ray pulses from a seeded free-electron laser (FEL) enable the measurement of high-resolution, time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) that capture weak satellite states resulting from shake-down processes in a valence-excited molecule.