Development of electromagnetic drop weight release mechanism for human occupied vehicle.

In a human-occupied vehicle (HOV), the drop weight mechanism is used to adjust the ascent/descent motion. In this paper, a new innovation has been developed through the effective integration of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. The main advantage of this Electromagnetic Drop Weight Mechanism (EMDW) is that it requires power to be supplied at the time of drop weight (25 kg) cut off.

Improved total carotenoid content from Planococcus plakortidis NIOT3 through microwave assisted extraction and genome-guided pathway annotation.

With an increasing demand for natural colorants, marine microbes have become attractive targets for novel natural colorants like carotenoids. Microbial carotenoid extraction by green approach is advantageous over traditional methods which minimize energy usage and reduce extraction time. In the current study, an orange pigmented marine bacterium Planococcus plakortidis NIOT3 was isolated from the Sesostris bank of Arabian Sea and found to produce desirable level of total carotenoids (320 ± 24 µg/g DW) when grown in rich medium.

Harnessing a deep-sea EAL-domain enzyme for quorum quenching and biofilm control in food pipelines.

This study explores the potential of quorum-quenching (QQ) enzymes from deep-sea bacteria to disrupt bacterial communication and biofilm formation. Among 21 psychrophilic marine isolates, Vibrio sp. strain SAT06 showed broad-spectrum QQ activity by degrading both short (C-HSL) and long-chain (3-O-C-HSL) acyl homoserine lactones.

The protective role of vitamin C against linezolid-induced hepato-renal toxicity in a rat model.

This study investigated the protective effects of vitamin C against linezolid-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats using biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical methods. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups: control, linezolid (100 mg/kg/day), vitamin C (100 mg/kg/day), and a combination of vitamin C and linezolid for 14 days. Linezolid treatment resulted in lactic acidosis, increased serum levels of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, and albumin, and oxidative stress characterized by decreased catalase activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) associated with increased nitric oxide (NO) malondialdehyde (MDA).

Harnessing melanin from deep-sea yeast Hortaea werneckii NIOT129A8: Heavy metal adsorption potential.

Marine organisms are recognized for their unique ability to detoxify heavy metals through chelation, effectively sequestering and reducing metal ion toxicity. This study focuses on the deep-sea yeast Hortaea werneckii NIOT129A8, which exhibits a unique adaptation for melanin production, a compound known for its chelating properties that can be harnessed to sequester and detoxify metal ions. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and translation elongation factor (TEF) gene showed similarity of 99.

Microbial Responses to Micronutrient Amendments in Oxygenated and Deoxygenated Waters of the Arabian Sea.

Metalloenzyme cofactors and oxygen conditions are crucial for microbial metabolism, yet their combined effects on microbial ecosystems remain unexplored. This study explores the impact of micronutrient amendments (Zn, Fe, Co and their combinations) on the microbial community composition in oxygenated (73 m) and deoxygenated (200 m) waters of the Arabian Sea. Through controlled microcosm experiment and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we observed that micronutrients significantly alter nutrient concentrations and microbial dynamics.

Microplastics under siege: Biofilm-forming marine bacteria from the microplastisphere and their role in plastic degradation.

Microplastics, a complex category of pollutants containing microorganisms and toxins, pose a significant threat to ecosystems, affecting both biotic and abiotic elements. The plastisphere's bacterial community differs significantly from nearby habitats, suggesting they may significantly contribute to the degradation of plastic waste in the ocean. This study evaluated the diversity of culturable bacterial populations attached to the microplastics in the coastal zones of the A&N Islands and their potential for plastic degradation.

Decoding the multifunctional potential of ursolic acid: antioxidant, antiproliferative, molecular dynamics, and biodegradability evaluations of a mangrove-derived terpenoid.

Excoecaria agallocha L, a mangrove plant widely used in traditional medication in India, was the focus of this study to evaluate its antioxidant, anticancer, structural, dynamic, and biodegradability properties of its bioactive compound, ursolic acid. This study, a sample (E. agallocha) collected from the tropical Islands ecosystem of South Andaman, India, represents the first report identifying Ursolic acid from the methanolic extract.

Seasonal dynamics of thraustochytrids in mangrove rhizospheres for microbial interactions, PUFA production.

This study investigated seasonal variations of thraustochytrids in rhizosphere soil collected from two mangrove species Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia marina in natural and planted mangrove stands. Thraustochytrid counts were higher in the natural mangrove stand than in the planted site. The counts varied seasonally, being highest in the post-monsoon season followed by summer, monsoon, and pre-monsoon.

Bioenergy products sequestration proportions among three mixotrophically cultivated microalgae by remediating two organic waste resources.

In this study, three microalgae species were cultivated using dairy and fish wastewater: , and sp. The process involved manipulating various physicochemical conditions, to determine optimal growth parameters. Our evaluation considered cell count, biomass productivity, specific growth rate, pigments, carbohydrates, proteins, lipid compositions, and cellulose stored in microalgae.

Ambient noise source characterization using spectral, coherence, and directionality estimates at Kongsfjorden.

Ambient noise measurements from an Arctic fjord during summer and winter are analyzed using spectral, coherence, and directionality estimates from a vertically separated pair of hydrophones. The primary noise sources attributed to wind, shipping, and ice activity are categorized and coherence is arrived at. Estimates of the noise field directionality in the vertical and its variation over time and between seasons are used to strengthen the analysis of the time-varying nature of noise sources.

Molecular characterization and computational analysis of a highly specific L-glutaminase from a marine bacterium Bacillus australimaris NIOT30.

An alkaline active L-glutaminase (BALG) producing bacterium was screened and identified from seamount sediment samples of the Arabian Sea. The isolate was confirmed to be Bacillus australimaris NIOT30 based on morphological characteristics and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. The glutaminase gene, balg was PCR amplified, cloned and expressed in E.

Halophilic Phosphate-Solubilizing Microbes (Priestia megaterium and Bacillus velezensis) Isolated from Arabian Sea Seamount Sediments for Plant Growth Promotion.

Arabian Sea is a highly productive Ocean owing to deep upwelling with reports on phosphorus cycling in ocean sediments. In this study, microbes from sea mounts of the Arabian Sea at varying depths (400 m, 900 m) were screened to isolate and characterize phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) with plant growth-promoting properties. Out of the seven morphologically different PSBs, two bacterial strains with maximum phosphate solubilization index were identified as Priestia megaterium (H1) and Bacillus velezensis (H2) based on biochemical and molecular characteristics.

Assessment of metal-associated health risk in different trophic levels in tropical estuary on the southeast coast of India.

Metal contamination in coastal and marine ecosystems has become a significant global concern due to its hazardous characteristics, environmental persistence, and ability to bioaccumulate in aquatic ecosystems. This poses a serious threat to the environment and the health of humans worldwide. To address these concerns, this study estimated the concentrations of metals in various trophic levels, including phytoplankton, zooplankton, bivalve, and fish.

Anticancer efficacy of magnetite nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extract of brown seaweed Rosenvingea intricata, South Andaman, India.

Cancer is a global issue and hence various efforts are being made. Iron oxide is considered a significant biochemical agent in the biomedical arena for cancer treatment. Marine macroalgae-mediated iron oxides especially, magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles (NPs) are a prospective alternative to diagnose and treat cancer owing to their fluorescent and magnetic properties.

A method for evaluating safety reliability of descend/ascend drop-weight system and mission abort decision for deep-ocean scientific human submersibles.

Descend and ascend of deep-water human-occupied submersibles based on buoyancy changes are enabled using a denomination of dispensable drop-weights, and loss of buoyancy are managed using emergency drop-weights and jettisoning identified systems. Failing to release the drop weights or jettison results in submersible stranding on the sea floor, leads to emergency recovery, and hence the drop-weight configuration has to be highly reliable. The paper, for the first time, based on hydrostatic stability, descend/ascend velocity needs, ocean salinity profile and loss-of-buoyancy situations, proposes a novel on-demand reliability based methodology for determining the safe drop-weight configuration and degradation-based mission abort strategy for deep-ocean human submersibles.

Bio-inspired machine-learning aided geo-magnetic field based AUV navigation system.

The navigational accuracy of sea animals and trans-ocean birds provides inspiration in using geo-magnetic field (GMF) for realizing strategic truly autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) capable of determining their absolute position on earth, without the aid of ship-referenced acoustic baseline systems. Supervised Machine Learning algorithms are applied on the GMF intensity data obtained from NOAA World Magnetic Model for a 900 km within the Indian mineral exploratory area in the Central Indian Ocean, with a resolution of 50 m, considering the sensitivity of commercially available magnetometers. It is identified that, for AUVs equipped with magnetometers with a detection sensitivity of 0.

Comparative analysis of microbiome inhabiting oxygenated and deoxygenated habitats using V3 and V6 metabarcoding of 16S rRNA gene.

We examine how oxygen levels and the choice of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) tags impact marine bacterial communities using Next-Generation amplicon sequencing. Analyzing V3 and V6 regions, we assess microbial composition in both Oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) and non-OMZ (NOMZ) areas in the Arabian Sea (AS) and the Central Indian Ocean basin (CIOB) respectively. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% similarity showed slightly higher richness and diversity with V6 compared to V3.

Scrutinizing the effect of rGO-cuttlefish bone hydroxyapatite composite infused carrageenan membrane towards wound reconstruction.

Carrageenan is an emerging biopolymer for wound healing and regenerative applications. In this study, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) nano-composites infused carrageenan bioactive membrane was fabricated. Here, hydroxyapatite was synthesized from cuttlefish bone (CF-HAp) and its properties were compared with that of chemically synthesized HAp.

Manipulating Microbial Cell Morphology for the Sustainable Production of Biopolymers.

The total rate of plastic production is anticipated to surpass 1.1 billion tons per year by 2050. Plastic waste is non-biodegradable and accumulates in natural ecosystems.

An impact of tropical cyclone on meiobenthic fauna of Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India: A case study of cyclone Mandous.

The meiofaunal diversity is used as an indicator to assess the complex and diverse impacts on the coastal environment during the natural calamities. The present study evaluates the effects of Mandous cyclone on ecologically two different stations, Pattinampakkam beach and Adyar estuary, which are located on Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India. The impact of the Mandous cyclone on physico-chemical parameters and meiobenthic faunal composition was investigated during, prior to, and after the cyclone.

Functional analysis of a putative type III polyketide synthase from deep-sea sediment metagenome.

Type III polyketide synthases (type III PKSs) are single homodimeric enzymes that produce diverse products such as phloroglucinol, pyrones, resorcinols and chalcones which are biotechnologically important molecules. In an attempt to identify new type III PKS from extreme environments, the deep-sea sediment metagenome from Bay of Bengal was screened for type III PKS genes. BLASTX analyses of Nanopore sequence derived metagenome with the in-house created PKS database revealed a full length type III PKS from a 5 kb fragment.

Bromoform Toxicity to Marine Microalgae: Studies using the Diatom Chaetoceros lorenzianus as a Model Organism.

Bromoform is the most prominent, relatively long-lived chlorination by-product in condenser effluents from seawater-based power plant cooling systems. There are few reports on the potential toxicity of this trihalomethane to marine phytoplankton. We investigated this using a marine diatom, Chaetoceros lorenzianus as the model organism.