Targeting FSP1 to induce ferroptosis in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

There are no proven therapies for metastatic or unresectable Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma (ChRCC). ChRCC is characterized by high glutathione levels and hypersensitivity to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The underlying mechanisms leading to ferroptosis hypersensitivity are unknown.

Flow disruptions during delivery room intubation of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Aim: Flow disruptions (FDs) are deviations in the progression of care that compromise safety and efficiency of a specific process. Neonatal intubation is a life-saving high-risk procedure required for delivery room (DR) management of neonates with moderate to severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). This study evaluated FDs during DR intubation of neonates with CDH and their association with process and outcome measures.

Clinical outcomes of Hydrus Microstent implantation for open-angle glaucoma: Results from a large academic center.

Purpose: To assess the clinical outcomes of Hydrus Microstent implantation with cataract extraction for the treatment of open angle glaucoma (OAG) over a maximum of 4 years.

Design: Retrospective, single-center, single-arm, longitudinal cohort study.

Subjects: 308 patients (464 eyes) with OAG who underwent Hydrus Microstent implantation with cataract extraction between February 2019 and December 2021, followed for a median (interquartile range, IQR) of 2.

Phenotyping and Clinical Utility of Phagocytic Polyploid Giant Cancer Macrophages in Blood.

Historically, polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) within tumors have been ignored as superfluous inflammatory refuse with no intrinsic clinical or biological relevance. However recently, multiple studies have described the existence PGCCs in solid tumor masses that appear to correlate with tumor progression, and can also appear in blood circulation as cancer associated macrophage like cells (CAMLs). In an effort to understand the clinical and biological role of CAMLs (i.

TBX3 advances the developmental chromatin landscape toward the hepatic fate.

By mapping histone modifications in a human stem cell model of hepatic differentiation, we identified an enhancer landscape that is dynamic and stage specific, with many primed at the definitive endoderm stage. While hepatic enhancers gained active histone modifications, non-hepatic enhancers lost H3K4me1 after hepatic specification. T-box transcription factor 3 (TBX3) was found to bind to hepatic enhancers and promoters.

Fluid Crisis Management: Intravenous Fluid Conservation Strategies and Outcomes After a Natural Disaster.

After significant damage to an intravenous fluid manufacturing plant during Hurricane Helene, fluid conservation was necessary, and many healthcare institutions delayed elective procedures to safeguard fluids. We present a perioperative intravenous fluid conservation strategy initiated at one tertiary care institution in response, and specifically reviewed 5 different perioperative sites with predominantly outpatient cases. Perioperative fluid conservation led to an overall 68% reduction in intravenous fluid utilization in one month.

The Use of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in Anterior Cervical Spine Procedures for Myelopathy: Alert Incidence, Interventions, and Prognostic Value.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Objective: Examine the utility of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) in anterior cervical spine procedures for myelopathy in informing intraoperative interventions.

Summary Of Background Data: The routine use of IONM in anterior cervical spine procedures for myelopathy remains controversial, with poorly defined indications and limited evidence validating protocols for managing intraoperative alerts.

A Multicenter, Open-Label Study to Assess the Safety of Nebulized Tissue Plasminogen Activator for the Acute Treatment of Pediatric Plastic Bronchitis: The PLATyPuS Trial.

Introduction: Pediatric plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare complication of surgically palliated congenital heart disease (CHD). Fibrin casts obstruct airways and can cause respiratory distress. There are no therapeutics approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to treat PB, but inhaled tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has been anecdotally used to relieve symptoms.

Reduction in Dressing Change Burden in Patients With Epidermolysis Bullosa-Impact of Oleogel-S10.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a severe genetic disorder marked by skin fragility and blistering from minimal trauma. Management relies on frequent and painful dressing changes. The EASE study (NCT03068780), the largest to date in EB, previously demonstrated accelerated wound healing and reduced wound burden for Oleogel-S10 (birch triterpenes) versus control gel.

Intracranial aneurysm embolization using Penumbra fill and finish coils: 1-year results of a prospective, real-world, multicenter SURF study.

Background: SURF was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, observational study with core lab adjudication of radiographic data, assessing embolization of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) using WAVE Extra Soft Coils as part of SMART Coil System.

Methods: Adults undergoing IA embolization with the SMART Coil System (Penumbra, Inc.) comprising 75% of implanted coils and WAVE as the final finishing coil were enrolled at 43 global centers.

Increasing Rate of Unfilled Training Positions in the Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology Match.

Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology (AHFTC) is a vital subspecialty addressing the growing burden of heart failure and the increasing need for advanced therapies such as mechanical circulatory support and heart transplantation. Despite rising clinical demand, interest in AHFTC fellowship training appears to be declining. This study evaluated trends in applicants, training positions, match rates, and unfilled positions in the AHFTC match from 2020 to 2025.

Mapping the path to degeneration: How lesion location predicts post-stroke cerebellar atrophy.

Introduction: Stroke can lead to neurological changes beyond the initial lesion site, including post-stroke crossed-cerebellar degeneration. While traditional methods typically rely on total lesion volume to assess remote effects, the spatial distribution of lesions may more accurately predict cerebellar atrophy and associated functional deficits. This study investigated whether anatomically specific cortical lesions contribute to cerebellar gray matter volume loss, expanding on the hypothesis that cerebellar atrophy may reflect more than global brain injury severity, and instead result from targeted disruption of cortico-cerebellar pathways.

Prospective assessment of prognostic significance of malignant peritoneal cytology in endometrial cancer: An NRG Oncology / Gynecologic Oncology Group study on GOG-210 protocol.

Objective: To examine the association between malignant peritoneal cytology and survival outcomes in endometrial cancer.

Methods: This was an ancillary analysis of prospectively collected surgical-pathological data in the NRG Oncology / Gynecologic Oncology Group study on GOG-210 protocol. The study population included 2383 patients with stage I-III endometrial cancer from 2003 to 2011.

Sex Disparities in Spine Surgeon Leadership of Clinical Trials for Degenerative Spine Disease Research.

Introduction: Despite increasing awareness, women remain underrepresented in academic spine surgery. This study assessed whether women were equitably represented among spine surgeon PIs of clinical trials for degenerative spine disease research.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of spine surgeon principal investigators (PIs) in the United States (2015 to 2022).

Auditory and cognitive contributions to recognition of degraded speech in noise: Individual differences among older adults.

This study examined individual differences in how older adults with normal hearing (ONH) or hearing impairment (OHI) allocate auditory and cognitive resources during speech recognition in noise at equal recognition. Associations between predictor variables and speech recognition were assessed across three datasets that each included 15-16 conditions involving temporally filtered speech. These datasets involved (1) degraded spectral cues, (2) competing speech-modulated noise, and (3) combined degraded spectral cues in speech-modulated noise.

Postoperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Use and Outcomes in Pectus Excavatum Repair.

Importance: Postoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis (PAP) is frequently used following pectus excavatum repair and accounts for the highest relative burden of potentially avoidable postoperative antibiotic days among pediatric general surgical procedures.

Objective: To evaluate the association of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with postoperative rates of surgical site infections, reoperation, and readmission in children undergoing pectus excavatum repair who did and did not receive postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included children aged younger than 18 years undergoing pectus excavatum repair from January 2021 to December 2023 at 141 hospitals participating in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric.

Ex Vivo Characterization of Peritoneal Macrophages from Novel ABCA1-LSL and ABCG1-LSL Mice for Macrophage-Specific ABC-Transporter Overexpression.

We aimed to characterize peritoneal macrophages from two novel mouse models that enable macrophage-specific overexpression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 via Cre recombinase. Since ABCA1/ABCG1 expression in macrophages is acknowledged to be anti-atherogenic, overexpression of these two transporters may result in a potent atheroprotective effect. However, there are no current animal models that permit overexpression of ABCA1/ABCG1 to precisely occur in macrophages.

Mild Hyperuricemia Attenuates Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Kidney Damage.

Background: Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is associated with poor outcomes in kidney and cardiovascular diseases, but its causative role remains controversial. Clinical studies have shown a positive correlation between increased dietary sodium intake and urinary uric acid excretion, suggesting that hyperuricemia may influence salt-sensitive hypertension and associated kidney damage.

Methods: To study the effects of mild hyperuricemia on salt-sensitive hypertension, male and female Dahl SS rats were fed a diet containing a uricase inhibitor (2% oxonic acid) and 4% NaCl (high salt) or a high salt-only diet for 3 weeks.

Influence of Type 2 Diabetes on the Effects of Tirzepatide in Patients With Heart Failure and a Preserved Ejection Fraction With Obesity: A Prespecified Stratification-Based Analysis.

Background: Incretin-based therapies are used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, but the presence of diabetes diminishes the magnitude of weight loss produced by these drugs in people with obesity. It is not known whether this attenuated weight change is relevant to the clinical benefits of these drugs in heart failure.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess the influence of diabetes on the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in the SUMMIT trial.

Clinically Meaningful Improvements With Vibegron in Men With Overactive Bladder and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Responder Analysis of the Phase 3 COURAGE Trial.

Objective: To demonstrate the impact of vibegron treatment in the phase 3 COURAGE trial (NCT03902080) on clinically meaningful response parameters in men with overactive bladder (OAB) receiving pharmacological therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as measured by standard, validated patient-reported outcomes.

Methods: Men >45 years with OAB receiving pharmacotherapy for BPH were randomly assigned 1:1 to vibegron 75 mg or placebo for 24 weeks. Participants completed bladder diaries assessing changes in micturition frequency, nocturia, and urge urinary incontinence (UUI); International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS); and OAB questionnaire (OAB-q).

Applying brain injury guidelines to patients with traumatic brain injury: A contemporary, consecutive series.

Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant contributor to long-term disability and imposes substantial costs, which may include excess, duplicative, or unnecessary imaging, hospitalizations or transfers, and superfluous consultations. We examined the use of the Brain Injury Guidelines (BIG) in 144 consecutive patients presenting with TBI.

Methods: Patients with TBI evaluated consecutively between April 2024 and September 2024 were prospectively classified into BIG 1, 2, and 3 categories and retrospectively assessed.

How Do Patient Outcomes in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large-Core Stroke Vary Based on Neuroimaging Modalities Used for Patient Selection? A Multicenter Multinational Study.

The role of different imaging modalities-non-contrast CT (NCCT), CT perfusion (CTP), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-in selecting patients with large-core stroke for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a subject of ongoing debate. This study aims to determine whether patients with large-core acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing EVT triaged with CTP or DWI in addition to NCCT had different clinical outcomes compared to those only triaged with NCCT. We queried the Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR) for patients enrolled between 2014 and 2023 who presented with anterior-circulation AIS and large ischemic core (ASPECTS < 6) who underwent EVT in 41 stroke centers in the USA, Europe, Asia, and South America.

A human-mouse atlas of intrarenal myeloid cells identifies conserved disease-associated macrophages in lupus nephritis.

Monocytes and macrophages in patients with lupus nephritis exhibit altered behavior compared with healthy kidneys. How to optimally use mouse models to develop treatments targeting these cells is poorly understood. This study compared intrarenal myeloid cells in four mouse models and 155 lupus nephritis patients using single-cell profiling, spatial transcriptomics, and functional studies.

2D Speckle Tracking Strain Echocardiography in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Multicenter Analysis From the MUSIC Study.

Background: 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography may help detect subclinical ventricular dysfunction, but data in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) are scarce. We investigated left ventricular (LV) strain parameters in MIS-C and their association with outcomes.

Methods: We performed an ambi-directional, 32-center cohort study on hospitalized MIS-C patients (March 2020-November 2021) with at least 1 echocardiogram read by the Core Lab.