How Do Patient Outcomes in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large-Core Stroke Vary Based on Neuroimaging Modalities Used for Patient Selection? A Multicenter Multinational Study.

The role of different imaging modalities-non-contrast CT (NCCT), CT perfusion (CTP), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-in selecting patients with large-core stroke for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a subject of ongoing debate. This study aims to determine whether patients with large-core acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing EVT triaged with CTP or DWI in addition to NCCT had different clinical outcomes compared to those only triaged with NCCT. We queried the Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR) for patients enrolled between 2014 and 2023 who presented with anterior-circulation AIS and large ischemic core (ASPECTS < 6) who underwent EVT in 41 stroke centers in the USA, Europe, Asia, and South America.

Predictors of seizures in postoperative traumatic brain injury patients: A single center retrospective study.

Introduction/objectives: Seizures are common postoperative complications for patients who have undergone surgical management for traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, little is known regarding preoperative factors that predict them. This study aims to describe preoperative factors that influence the occurrence of seizures after surgery for TBI.

Impact of coagulation disorders on intracranial hemorrhage outcomes: a case-controlled study.

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Coagulation disorders, such as thrombophilia, thrombocytopenia, hemophilia, and vitamin K deficiency, significantly influence the pathophysiology of bleeding, and therefore the outcomes of ICH patients. This study aims to examine the effects of these disorders on outcomes related to ICH.

Optimal imaging follow-up strategies for conservatively managed cerebral cavernous malformations: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Objective: Cavernous malformations are low-flow vascular anomalies within the central nervous system, notable for their potential to cause seizures or intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Currently, no consensus exists to recommend a specific interval for following radiographic imaging of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) that are not treated with either resection or radiation. Herein, the authors aimed to determine the most cost-effective strategy for MRI follow-up of CCM in both brainstem and nonbrainstem locations in order to enable earlier diagnosis and potentially circumvent fatal events due to CCM-related hemorrhages.

Clinical and therapeutic insights into intraventricular metastases from extracranial solid tumors: Patterns, prognosis and management.

Solid intraventricular metastasis from extracranial primary tumors (SIMs) are rare and their diagnosis and management remain poorly understood. A systematic review was conducted using the MEDLINE and Embase databases to identify relevant studies published until November 2024. Data such as presenting symptoms, treatments and survival outcomes were extracted from included articles on patients with SIMs.

Advancements in flow measurement techniques within cerebrovascular neurosurgery.

Purpose: The cerebral vasculature operates as a highly dynamic system that actively regulates blood flow to maintain the brain's physiological equilibrium while providing essential support for its functions. Therefore, enhancing our understanding of how cerebral blood flow is controlled, modified, or adapts in the presence of specific pathologies-such as stroke, Moyamoya disease, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), or aneurysms-is critical for accurately evaluating the effects of these conditions and for developing effective therapeutic strategies for patients.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed with the aim of exploring recent advances in neuroimaging techniques used to assess hemodynamic alterations in the cerebral vasculature.

Risk factors of postprocedure seizures following standalone middle meningeal artery embolization of chronic subdural hematomas: a bi-institutional retrospective analysis.

Background: Seizures have been reported to arise after middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) for the treatment of chronic subdural hematomas (cSDH). However, the rates and factors influencing their development have been poorly established in the literature. Herein, we assess for risk factors for seizures post-MMAE.

Utility of standing radiographs in the evaluation of refractory low back pain and lumbar radiculopathy following a lumbosacral fusion: illustrative case.

Background: Adjacent segment degeneration and/or disease is known to occur after a lumbar spinal fusion. It is a complex process encompassing multiple radiographic findings, including spondylolisthesis. Accurate characterization of the spondylolisthesis is important for the optimization of surgical treatment.

Understanding Risk Factors for Postoperative Seizure Following Surgical Treatment and Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization of Chronic Subdural Hematomas.

Objective: Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is often associated with clinical seizures, with incidence rates ranging from 2.6% to 23%. While risk factors like hematoma size and craniotomy with membranectomy are well established, the impact of middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAe) remains underexplored.

Intracranial hemorrhagic events associated with flow diversion treatment: a retrospective analysis from a single academic institution.

Intracranial hemorrhages are highly concerning but underreported complications related to flow diversion (FD) treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Herein, we aimed to characterize these complications and the factors influencing their occurrence. We retrospectively reviewed patients treated with FD from 2013 to 2023 at a single U.

Effects of optimal versus suboptimal median household income on the surgically treated traumatic brain injury population at a level I trauma center in the Boston metropolitan area: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Objective: The median household income is a useful metric for healthcare disparity assessment. New England holds the highly diverse, densely populated Boston metropolitan area, which is known for having one of the highest living wages in the US. To the authors' knowledge, there is no published data on the effects of optimal versus suboptimal median household income on the surgical treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Socioeconomic Disparities in the Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: A Nationwide Analysis of the Past Decade.

Background: Socioeconomic status has historically influenced traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes, yet pediatric TBI disparities remain understudied. We aimed to analyze the National Inpatient Sample database for socioeconomic disparities in the outcomes of pediatric TBI patients.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample from 2011 to 2020 was retrospectively analyzed for pediatric TBI patients.

The effects of deep brain stimulation on sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a standard treatment for movement disorders, epilepsy, and others, yet its influence on postprocedural sleep quality remains an under-researched topic.

Study Objectives: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all DBS effects on sleep.

Methods: The use of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (PRISMA) was utilized.

Tremor Severity and Operative Parameters Predict Imbalance in Patients Undergoing Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy.

Background: Imbalance is the most commonly reported side effect following focused ultrasound (FUS) thalamotomy for essential tremor (ET). It remains unknown which patients are more likely to develop imbalance following FUS treatment.

Objective: To identify preoperative and treatment-related sonication parameters that are predictive of imbalance following FUS treatment.

Factors affecting the collateral ingrowth from the superficial temporal artery after Encephalo-Duro-Arterio-Synangiosis in adult patients with Moyamoya disease.

Background: Multiple factors have been proposed to affect the vessel ingrowth from the superficial temporal artery (STA) after Encephalo-Duro-Arterio-Synangiosis (EDAS).

Methods: This retrospective single-center analyses included patients with Moyamoya Disease (MMD) undergoing EDAS from January 1st, 2013, to December 31st, 2023. Evaluated variables included demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, technical details, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, and radiographic outcomes.

Characterizing Revascularization After Encephalo-Duro-Arterio-Synangiosis (EDAS) in Adult Patients With Moyamoya Disease Using the Orbital Grading System.

Background: The Matsushima grade has traditionally been used to evaluate vessel ingrowth from the superficial temporal artery after encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS) for Moyamoya disease (MMD) patients. However, this grading is subjective and prone to measurement variability. Herein, we propose the orbital grading system quantifying leptomeningeal and burr hole-related vessel-ingrowth from the superficial temporal artery and/or middle meningeal artery to the middle and anterior cerebral arteries post EDAS in MMD patients.

Cost-effectiveness of platelet function testing in dual antiplatelet therapy decision-making after intracranial aneurysm treatment with flow diversion.

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) use is the standard of practice after flow diversion (FD) for intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Yet, no consensus exists in the literature regarding the optimal regimen. Certain institutions utilize various platelet function testing (PFT) to assess patient responsiveness to DAPT.

Endovascular Treatment of Basilar Apex Aneurysms: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in the Era of Flow Diversion.

Background: Endovascular options for the treatment of basilar apex aneurysms (BAAs) are heterogeneous, and evidence is limited to retrospective cohorts and case series. We seek to evaluate the efficacy and complications associated with various endovascular treatment methods of BAAs.

Methods: Systematic review of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Comparison of Postoperative Seizures Between Burr-Hole Evacuation and Craniotomy in Patients With Nonacute Subdural Hematomas: A Bi-Institutional Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Postoperative seizures are a common complication after surgical drainage of nonacute chronic subdural hematomas (SDHs). The literature increasingly supports the use of prophylactic antiepileptic drugs for craniotomy, a procedure that is often associated with larger collections and worse clinical status at admission. This study aimed to compare the incidence of postoperative seizures in patients treated with burr-hole drainage and those treated with craniotomy through propensity score matching (PSM).

Variability patterns in dual antiplatelet therapy following endovascular repair of intracranial aneurysms: Insight into regimen heterogeneity and the need for a consensus.

This comprehensive review delves into the evolving field of neurointervention for intracranial aneurysms, exploring the critical adjunct of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) to endovascular coiling, stent-assisted coiling (SAC), flow-diversion stents, and flow-disruption (intrasaccular) devices. Despite growing evidence supporting the success of DAPT in reducing thromboembolic events, the lack of consensus on optimal regimens, doses, and duration is evident. Factors contributing to this variability include genetic polymorphisms affecting treatment response and ongoing debates regarding the clinical significance of hemorrhagic complications associated with DAPT.

Endothelial Progenitor Cells: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis and Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms.

This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in vascular diseases, focusing on their involvement in the pathogenesis and their contributions to enhancing the efficacy of endovascular treatments for intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Initially discovered as CD34 bone marrow-derived cells implicated in angiogenesis, EPCs have been linked to vascular repair, vasculogenesis, and angiogenic microenvironments. The origin and differentiation of EPCs have been subject to debate, challenging the conventional notion of bone marrow origin.