Evidence for Similar Collectivity of High Transverse-Momentum Particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb Collisions.

Charged hadron elliptic anisotropies (v_{2}) are presented over a wide transverse momentum (p_{T}) range for proton-lead (pPb) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 8.16 and 5.02 TeV, respectively.

Collapse of a Quantum Vortex in an Attractive Two-Dimensional Bose Gas.

We experimentally and numerically study the collapse dynamics of a quantum vortex in a two-dimensional atomic superfluid following a fast interaction ramp from repulsion to attraction. We find the conditions and timescales for a superfluid vortex to radially converge into a quasistationary density profile, demonstrating the spontaneous formation of a vortex solitonlike structure in an atomic Bose gas. We record an emergent self-similar dynamics caused by an azimuthal modulational instability, which amplifies initial density perturbations and leads to the eventual splitting of a solitonic ring profile or direct fragmentation of a superfluid into disordered, but roughly circular arrays of Townes solitonlike wave packets.

Cognitive Function and Friendship Network Characteristics Among Older Couples.

Objectives: This study explores the dyadic relationship between cognitive function and friendship characteristics among older married couples framed within the "linked lives" dimension of the life course perspective. The study also explores whether the dyadic consequences of cognitive function for friendship networks vary by gender.

Methods: The study uses the data from the 2014/2016 Health and Retirement Study (N = 2,944 dyads).

High-Dimensional Causal Mediation Analysis by Partial Sum Statistic and Sample Splitting Strategy in Imaging Genetics Application.

Summary: Causal mediation analysis investigates the role of mediators in the relationship between exposure and outcome. In the analysis of omics or imaging data, mediators are often high-dimensional, presenting challenges such as multicollinearity and interpretability. Existing methods either compromise interpretability or fail to effectively prioritize mediators.

An updated vocal repertoire of wild adult bonobos (Pan paniscus).

Research over the last 20 years has shed important light on the vocal behaviour of our closest living relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees, but mostly relies on qualitative vocal repertoires, for which quantitative validations are absent. Such data are critical for a holistic understanding of a species` communication system and unpacking how these systems compare more broadly with other primate and non-primate species. Here we make key progress by providing the first quantitative validation of a Pan vocal repertoire, specifically for wild bonobos.

Serotonergic receptor binding in the brainstem in the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in a high-risk population.

The Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is a major global health problem, with increased risk among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. We propose SIDS, or a subset, is due to a defect in the brainstem serotonin system mediating cardiorespiratory integration and arousal. This defect impinges on homeostasis during a critical developmental period in infancy, especially in populations experiencing maternal and infantile stress, resulting in sleep-related sudden death.

Gaps in care across the cancer screening continuum for cervical, colorectal and lung cancer.

Background: While screening for cervical, colorectal, and lung cancers reduce cancer-specific mortality, the full benefits of screening are only realized when coupled with timely care across the subsequent "screening continuum" steps, including surveillance (results warranting frequent monitoring), diagnostic evaluation (results that require additional testing), and treatment (detected cancers). Our goal was to describe the proportion of individuals receiving timely cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer care at each step in the screening continuum.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the 10 health care settings that participate in the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process (PROSPR II) consortium and included individuals who were eligible for a step along the cancer screening continuum in 2018.

Displacement, personal loss, and psychological strain among physicians and nurses working in Gaza, 2023-2024.

On January 26th 2024, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) recognized plausible grounds for genocide being committed in Gaza by Israel. A hallmark of the violence has been unprecedented attacks on health workers since October 7th, 2023. We use the word "genocide" to refer to this period of accelerated violence and displacement in Gaza, following ICJ findings, detailed reports by human rights organizations, and statements by genocide scholars concluding that Israel is indeed committing genocide.

Off-the-Shelf Large Language Models for Guiding Pharmacoepidemiological Study Design.

This study aimed to assess the ability of two off-the-shelf large language models, ChatGPT and Gemini, to support the design of pharmacoepidemiological studies. We assessed 48 study protocols of pharmacoepidemiological studies published between 2018 and 2024, covering various study types, including disease epidemiology, drug utilization, safety, and effectiveness. The coherence (i.

Process Rounds to Elevate Psychological Skills in Palliative Care.

A half-day workshop improved palliative care clinicians' ability to integrate psychological concepts into serious illness communication but created demand for longitudinal learning. To pilot "Process Rounds," a four-session, case-based, adapted psychotherapeutic supervision group reinforcing formulation, countertransference, and mindful intervention. Workshop graduates from four cohorts were invited; 25/143 enrolled.

Top Ten Tips Palliative Care Clinicians Should Know About Intentionally Interprofessional Collaboration.

Although high-quality and holistic specialty palliative care is delivered by an interprofessional team, little guidance is available to optimize approaches to and sustainment of such teamwork. This article supports individuals to practice at the top of their education, clinical training, and scope of practice while maximizing the functionality of the palliative care team as a whole. We intentionally use the term rather than to clarify that we are focused on collaboration of team members who represent multiple professions or occupations that require specialized training and meet ethical standards (e.

On-DNA Binder Confirmation: Increasing Confidence in DEL Hits.

DNA-encoded libraries (DELs) are used throughout small-molecule drug discovery to identify new lead compounds for protein targets. DEL hits are traditionally evaluated via off-DNA resynthesis and subsequent biological testing. This approach can be time- and resource-intensive, limiting the number of putative hits selected for follow-up.

Expansion and revision of the genus and proposal of gen. nov.

The nitrogen-fixing, chemolithoautotrophic genus is found across numerous diverse environments worldwide and is an important member of many ecosystems. These species serve as model systems for their metabolic properties and have industrial applications in bioremediation and sustainable protein, food and fertilizer production. Despite their abundance and utility, the majority of strains are without a genome sequence, and only eight validly published species are known to date.

Microscopic Investigations of Point Defect Interactions in WS Monolayers.

Atomic point defects provide an alternative tuning knob for engineering the properties and functionality of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Prior to engineering point defects to tailor material properties, identification and investigation of their electronic structure is key to their implementation for device applications. The two most common atomic point defects in monolayer WS are sulfur vacancies and oxygen substituents, which have been thoroughly reported on, but their interaction has yet to be investigated.

Sirolimus for Venous Malformations: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety.

Venous malformations can cause substantial morbidity and long-term complications. There are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapies for the treatment of venous malformations. However, off-label use of sirolimus has demonstrated clinical benefit in these patients.

Clindamycin intravenous to oral switch automatic notifications: a pilot study.

Where possible, antimicrobials, such as clindamycin, should be given orally rather than intravenously when efficacy will be equivalent. A single-centre pre-/post-intervention study was conducted. There were 11 134 patients admitted to included wards during the study period.

A National Survey of U.S. Prescribing Clinicians Who Practice Breastfeeding and Lactation Medicine in Outpatient and Inpatient Healthcare Settings.

The field of breastfeeding and lactation medicine (BFLM) is a developing area of clinical expertise among physicians and advanced practice providers, though it remains poorly described in the literature. We aimed to (1) characterize the workforce of U.S.

Time for a rethink? Discharge summary completion is often delayed and associated with increased readmission.

A retrospective review of 7185 South Australian discharge summaries revealed that 37.6% of discharge summaries were released at least a day after discharge, and per day of delay of medical discharge summary release, the chance of hospital 30-day readmission increased by 1.60% (P < 0.

Sensitization of cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents by expression of the REV1 C-terminal domain: Implications for chemotherapy.

The mutagenic translesion synthesis (TLS) pathway, which is critically dependent on REV1's ability to recruit inserter TLS polymerases and the POLζ extender polymerase, enables cancer cells to bypass DNA lesions while introducing mutations that likely contribute to the development of chemotherapy resistance and secondary malignancies. Targeting this pathway represents a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of human REV1, a ca.

Critical Care Physicians' Perspectives on Nudging in Communication.

Importance: Research in behavioral economics has demonstrated that people have irrational biases, which make them susceptible to decisional shortcuts, or heuristics. The extent to which physicians consciously might use nudges to exploit these heuristics and thereby influence their patients' decision-making is unclear. In addition, ethical questions about the conscious use of nudges in medicine persist, yet little is known about how physicians experience and perceive their use.