The longitudinal relationship between maternal bonding and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: A strong maternal bond to the infant has been shown to be important for child development and to be related to maternal mental health, for example to postpartum depression. During the COVID-19 pandemic, rates of maternal depression increased and some studies suggest that maternal bonding was also affected by the stressful circumstances related to the pandemic. Our aim was to examine the relationship between maternal bonding, depressive symptoms and perceived stress during the pandemic.

Efficacy and safety of human fibrinogen concentrate (BT524) in patients with major haemorrhage undergoing major orthopaedic or abdominal surgery (AdFIrst): a randomised, active-controlled, multicentre, partially blinded, phase 3 non-inferiority trial.

Background: Major haemorrhage is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, but the optimal treatment remains disputed. This trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of human fibrinogen concentrate (FC) vs. either fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or cryoprecipitate (Cryo) as first-line treatment in patients with major bleeding during major orthopaedic or abdominal surgery, respectively.

Reconstructing History: Scale Analysis Reveals Long-Term Changes in Age-Related Growth of a Coregonid Fish.

Animal growth is shaped by a complex interplay of environmental conditions and intrinsic life-history trade-offs, yet long-term datasets allowing the reconstruction of individual growth histories in natural populations remain rare. Here, we use scale analysis to reconstruct age-specific growth histories of coregonid fish ( sp.) from Lake Starnberg, Germany, over a 22-year period, evaluating the roles of lake phosphorus concentrations and spring temperatures as potential drivers.

Dual lineage origins contribute to neocortical astrocyte diversity.

Astrocytes are not a uniform population but exhibit diverse morphological, molecular, and functional characteristics. However, how this diversity originates and becomes establishes during development, remains largely unknown. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, we identify five astrocyte subtypes with unique molecular features, spatial distributions and functions in the mouse neocortex and characterize essential regulators for their formation.

A More Rapid Method for Culturing LUHMES-Derived Neurons Provides Greater Cell Numbers and Facilitates Studies of Multiple Viruses.

The ability to study mature neuronal cells ex vivo is complicated by their non-dividing nature and difficulty in obtaining large numbers of primary cells from organisms. Thus, numerous transformed progenitor models have been developed that can be routinely cultured, then scaled, and differentiated to mature neurons. In this paper, we present a new method for differentiating one such model, the Lund human mesencephalic (LUHMES) dopaminergic neurons.

Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of a New Family of α-Hydroxyphosphonates with the Benzothiophene Scaffold.

: α-Hydroxyphosphonates, one of the most prominent classes of phosphonates, remain of utmost importance because of their potential and real biological activity as pharmaceutical or pesticide agents. The effect is the consequence of their enzyme inhibitory properties. : It was planned to make available new heterocyclic hydroxyphosphonate derivatives with cytotoxic activity.

Occurrence and Quantification of Porcine Hemotrophic Mycoplasmas in Blood-Sucking .

Hemotrophic mycoplasmas (HMs) are cell wall-less, small and uncultivable pathogens, which can cause infections in pigs with no to severe clinical signs and can contribute to significant economic losses in the pig industry. In addition to the known mechanical transmission routes of HMs (e.g.

Increased breathlessness in post-COVID syndrome despite normal breathing patterns in a rebreathing challenge.

Severe symptoms in the absence of measurable body pathology are a frequent hallmark of post-COVID syndrome. From a Bayesian Brain perspective, such symptoms can be explained by incorrect internal models that the brain uses to interpret sensory signals. In this pre-registered study, we investigate whether induced breathlessness perception during a controlled COrebreathing challenge is reflected by altered respiratory measures (physiology and breathing patterns), and propose different computational mechanisms that could explain our findings in a Bayesian Brain framework.

ATXN3 regulates lysosome regeneration after damage by targeting K48-K63-branched ubiquitin chains.

The cellular response to lysosomal damage involves fine-tuned mechanisms of membrane repair, lysosome regeneration and lysophagy, but how these different processes are coordinated is unclear. Here we show in human cells that the deubiquitinating enzyme ATXN3 helps restore integrity of the lysosomal system after damage by targeting K48-K63-branched ubiquitin chains on regenerating lysosomes. We find that ATXN3 is required for lysophagic flux after lysosomal damage but is not involved in the initial phagophore formation on terminally damaged lysosomes.

Hypertension and kidney dysfunction despite long-term remission of Cushing's syndrome.

Purpose: Hypertension is the most frequent co-morbidity in active Cushing's syndrome (CS) and regarded as a major cardio-vascular risk factor. It is unknown whether blood pressure and related parameters, such as kidney function, recover in the long-term following remission of CS.

Methods: Blood pressure and related co-morbidities were analyzed in a cohort of 81 patients with CS (Cushing's disease: 52, ectopic CS: 8, adrenal CS: 21) from a single tertiary care center.

New Amber Fossils Indicate That Larvae of Dermestidae Had Longer Defensive Structures in the Past.

Representatives of Dermestidae (skin, larder, and carpet beetles) play a crucial role as decomposers in global ecosystems, facilitating the recycling of animal and plant biomass to sustain nutrient cycling. Despite their widespread ecological presence and functional importance, the fossil record of their larval stages has remained sparse, with previous documentation limited to occasional discoveries. This study significantly expands the larval fossil record by identifying 36 amber-preserved specimens from the Cretaceous, Eocene, and Miocene time slices, obtained from deposits distributed globally.

Practice patterns of paediatric surgeons on treating pilonidal sinus disease - a national survey study.

Purpose: Paediatric pilonidal sinus disease is considered a separate entity of disease due to differing recurrence dynamics. However, there are almost no data on real-world surgical care and practice patterns for children and adolescents. We therefore aimed to gather such data surveying a representative sample of German paediatric surgeons.

Integrated network pharmacology and experiments to reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Qinghuo Rougan Formula in uveitis.

Background: Uveitis is a complex intraocular inflammatory disease and pathology results from the continuous production of proinflammatory cytokines in the optical axis. Qinghuo Rougan Formula (QHRGF), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is now used to treat uveitis with desirable effect. However, the mechanism of action is still unclear.

Spatially resolved photocatalytic active sites and quantum efficiency in a 2D semiconductor.

Identifying reactive sites and measuring their activities is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of every catalyst. Reactivity maps can guide the development of next-generation photocatalysts like 2D transition metal dichalcogenides, which suffer from low conversion rates. While their electrocatalytic sites are well-studied, their photocatalytic sites remain poorly understood.

Te and Fe nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopic characterization of intermediate spin state mixed-valent dimers.

Iron-sulfur clusters fulfill numerous roles throughout biology. The reduced [2Fe-2S] cluster offers unique electronic and magnetic properties due to its mixed-valent nature and can serve as an essential model for understanding electron transfer, electron delocalization, and accessible spin states not only in mixed-valent dimers, but potentially larger iron sulfur  clusters. Recently a series of mixed-valent diiron dichalcogenide complexes [LFeQ] (Q = S (1), Se (2), Te (3), L = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl β-diketiminate ligand) were synthesized and characterized, where complex 1 showed a typical S = 1/2 spin state, while complexes 2 and 3 exhibited intermediate S = 3/2 spin states, potentially enabled by the minimization of vibronic coupling.

A comprehensive assessment of contaminant exposure in an endangered tern population.

Understanding contaminant levels in endangered species is critical for assessing whether and how environmental pollution is contributing to population declines. Here, we provide the first comprehensive assessment of contaminant presence in the last, and endangered, population of gull-billed terns (Gelochelidon nilotica) in Central Europe. Specifically, we analysed 118 compounds belonging to eight contaminant groups in the shells and contents of 26 unhatched eggs, as well as in eight livers and seven brains from chicks that died.

Co-occurrence of multiple pathologies in a case of frontotemporal dementia with TBK1 mutation: first in vivo detection of alpha-synuclein and tau co-pathology.

We present the case of a 74-year-old woman with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) linked to a pathogenic TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) mutation (c.1349_1352del; p.Ile450Lysfs*15).

[Importance of emergency temporary external fixation for bicondylar tibial plateau fractures : A 10-year retrospective analysis from a university level 1 trauma center].

Background: Tibial plateau fractures (TPF) have significantly increased over the last decade, with a notable proportion being bicondylar fractures. The necessity of a temporary external fixator (tEF) as an initial treatment for bicondylar TPF remains controversial, with limited data available regarding associated complications.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study is to investigate the complication rates between patients with and without initial treatment using tEF in patients with bicondylar TPF.

Clonal hematopoiesis in AML long-term survivors: Risk factors and clinical consequences.

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is common in the general population and associated with various health risks, but its prevalence and clinical implications in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) long-term survivors (LTS; ≥5-year survival) are unknown. We analyzed CH in 373 AML-LTS with a median 11.6-year follow-up from diagnosis using a sensitive targeted sequencing assay based on single-molecule molecular inversion probes.

Inhibition of pyrimidine de novo synthesis fosters Treg cells and reduces diabetes development in models of Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: In autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), aberrant immune activation promotes regulatory T cell (Treg) impairments thereby boosting progression of islet autoimmunity. Consequently, there is a progressive destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Controlling overshooting immune activation represents a relevant approach to allow for efficient Treg-targeting by broadening the window of opportunity to induce Tregs.

Physician and patient perspectives on the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia: a cross-sectional study to identify disconnects.

Objectives: Implementation of more stringent LDL-C targets, as recommended by ESC/EAS guidelines, may be influenced by physician understanding of patient preferences. We aimed to understand patient preferences for lipid lowering therapy (LLT) management, perceptions of LLT and unmet needs, alongside physician predictions. We also investigated physician and patient therapy choices in two clinical scenarios.

Development of an RXR Agonist Scaffold with Pronounced Homodimer Preference.

The activation of retinoid X receptors (RXRs) presents promising therapeutic potential in diverse conditions, such as cancer, inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and neurodegeneration. However, RXRs play a central role in nuclear receptor signaling and act in various dimeric forms with multiple other ligand-activated transcription factors giving rise to promiscuous effects of RXR agonists. Here we identified a new RXR ligand chemotype addressing only part of RXR's molecular activities.

Prospective association between psychopathological symptoms in childhood and asthma in adolescence: Results from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies.

Background: Although there is a high co-occurrence of psychopathological symptoms and asthma, longitudinal studies considering asthma endotypes in childhood and adolescence are scarce. Therefore, this study examined the prospective association between psychopathology in childhood and current atopic and non-atopic asthma in adolescents, considering sex and puberty-related characteristics.

Methods: The study includes 3584 participants (1790 females, 1794 males) from two German birth cohort studies, GINIplus and LISA.

Applying an Anti-Kasha Model Resolves Differences Between Photosynthetic and Artificial Pigments.

The current interpretation of excitation energy transfer (EET) processes in natural photosynthesis generally relies on Kasha's rule, suggesting that internal conversion (IC) processes usually outpace any EET between higher excited states. It is, however, known from research on artificial systems that Kasha's rule does not apply to many dyes, especially when found in assembled clusters analogous to photosynthetic chlorophyll (Chl)-protein complexes. In this contribution, a semiempirical Förster-type model is applied to otherwise well-investigated pigments of natural photosynthesis (Chls , , and various carotenoids).