Psychological and neurophysiological measures of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Background: Emotion dysregulation is a central feature in trauma-associated disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, it remains unclear whether emotion dysregulation is a transdiagnostic phenomenon closely linked to childhood trauma, or if disorder-specific alterations in emotion processing exist. Following a multimethodological approach, we aimed to assess and compare the reactivity to and regulation of emotions between patients with BPD and PTSD, as well as healthy controls, and identify associations with childhood trauma.

Functional synapses between neurons and small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive type of lung cancer, characterized by rapid proliferation, early metastatic spread, frequent early relapse and a high mortality rate. Recent evidence has suggested that innervation has an important role in the development and progression of several types of cancer. Cancer-to-neuron synapses have been reported in gliomas, but whether peripheral tumours can form such structures is unknown.

Fulminant myocarditis: outcome predictors in an international cohort study.

Background And Aims: Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by acute myocardial inflammation and cardiogenic shock. Evidence on long-term outcomes, mortality risk factors, and targeted treatment options remains limited.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included consecutive adult patients admitted for FM between January 2012 and November 2022 at 26 European tertiary centres.

Microautophagy: definition, classification, and the complexity of the underlying mechanisms.

Recently, rapid progress in the field of microautophagy (MI-autophagy) revealed the existence of multiple subtypes that differ in both intracellular membrane dynamics and molecular mechanisms. As a result, a single umbrella term "microautophagy" has become too vague, even creating some confusion among researchers both within and outside the field. We herein describe different subtypes of MI-autophagic processes and propose a systematic approach for naming them more accurately.

Psychology's Questionable Research Fundamentals (QRFs): Key problems in quantitative psychology and psychological measurement beyond Questionable Research Practices (QRPs).

Psychology's crises (e.g., replicability, generalisability) are currently believed to derive from Questionable Research Practices (QRPs), thus scientific misconduct.

Mitochondria delay action potential propagation.

The internal resistance of axons to ionic current flow determines action potential conduction velocity. Although mitochondria support axonal function, axons have been modeled as organelle-free cables, and mitochondrial impact on conduction velocity, specifically by increasing internal resistance, remains understudied. We combine computational modeling and electron microscopy of forebrain premotor axons controlling birdsong production.

[Artificial Intelligence Methods - a Perspective for Cardiovascular Telemedicine?].

Since 2022, an estimated 150000 to 200000 patients with heart failure (HF) in Germany have met the inclusion criteria for HF telemonitoring in accordance with the Federal Joint Committee's (G-BA) decision. Currently, only a few artificial intelligence (AI) applications are used in standard cardiovascular telemedicine care. However, AI applications could improve the predictive accuracy of existing telemedical sensor technology by recognising patterns across multiple data sources.

Genetic parallels in biomineralization of the calcareous sponge and stony corals.

The rapid emergence of mineralized structures in diverse animal groups during the late Ediacaran and early Cambrian periods likely resulted from modifications of pre-adapted biomineralization genes inherited from a common ancestor. As the oldest extant phylum with mineralized structures, sponges are key to understanding animal biomineralization. Yet, the biomineralization process in sponges, particularly in forming spicules, is not well understood.

Innovations in communication training for medical and nursing students: Virtual reality communication tool for application and evaluation with key stakeholders and students (VR-TALKS) - a study protocol.

Background: In healthcare education, virtual reality (VR), simulating real-world situations, is emerging as a tool to improve communication skills, particularly in sensitive scenarios involving patients and caregivers. While promising, VR-based education also poses challenges such as avatar realism, cognitive load, and the need for pedagogical grounding.

Objective: This protocol paper presents the VR-TALKS project, which aims to develop, apply, and evaluate VR scenarios designed to teach healthcare students communication skills in serious illness scenarios.

Association analysis between polygenic risk scores and traits: practical guidelines and tutorial with an illustrative data set of schizophrenia.

Most methodological Polygenic Risk Score (PRS)-related papers explain the laborious process of computing the PRS in great depth. Afterwards, as a last step, it is generally described that to test a possible association between a PRS and a trait of interest, an analysis through regression models (linear or logistic, depending on data type) should be carried out adjusting for covariates (e.g.

Altered Reward Processing in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Insights From Active and Observational Learning.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been associated with altered performance monitoring, reflected in enhanced amplitudes of the error-related negativity in the event-related potential. However, this is not specific to OCD, as overactive error processing is also evident in anxiety. Although similar neural mechanisms have been proposed for error and feedback processing, it remains unclear whether the processing of errors as indexed by external feedback, reflected in the feedback-related negativity (FRN), is altered in OCD.

Dad's Diet Shapes the Future: How Paternal Nutrition Impacts Placental Development and Childhood Metabolic Health.

Early-life programming is a major determinant of lifelong metabolic health, yet current preventive strategies focus almost exclusively on maternal factors. Emerging experimental and preclinical data reveal that a father's diet before conception, particularly high-fat intake, also shapes offspring physiology. Here, we synthesize the latest evidence on how such diets remodel the sperm epigenome during two discrete windows of vulnerability: (i) testicular spermatogenesis, via DNA methylation and histone modifications, and (ii) post-testicular epididymal maturation, where small non-coding RNAs are selectively gained.

Ultrafast all-optical switching in nonlinear 3R-MoS van der Waals metasurfaces.

Second-order nonlinear optical processes are fundamental to photonics, spectroscopy, and information technologies, with material platforms playing a pivotal role in advancing these applications. Here, we demonstrate the exceptional nonlinear optical properties of the van der Waals crystal 3R-MoS, a rhombohedral polymorph exhibiting high second-order optical susceptibility ( ) and remarkable second-harmonic generation (SHG) capabilities. By designing high quality factor resonances in 3R-MoS metasurfaces supporting quasi-bound states in the continuum (qBIC), we first demonstrate SHG efficiency enhancement exceeding 10.

[Geography and health-the example of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bremen].

Background: Geography is, among other things, the study of spatial and temporal changes in structures and processes. Health geography applies the methods, models, and paradigms of geography to health-related issues. The example of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bremen is used to illustrate the geographical perspective on health and its benefits.

Third-party imitation is not restricted to humans.

Imitation of cultural practices is ubiquitous in humans and often involves faithful copying of intransitive (i.e., non-object directed) gestures and societal norms which play a crucial role in human cumulative cultural evolution.

EPR and P ENDOR Characterization of Pseudo-Jahn-Teller Dynamics and N Activation in Functional Nitrogenase Models, PM(N) (M = Fe, Co; E = Si, B, C).

The nominally trigonal, pseudo-Jahn-Teller (PJT)-active, = 1/2 N-bound complexes, , M = Fe, Co, with three in-plane phosphine ligands and axial donors, E = Si, B, C, include functional nitrogenase models that catalyze the reduction of N to NH. We applied EPR, P ENDOR spectroscopy, and DFT computations to characterize the PJT-induced distortions of four selected , revealing how the metal ion and axial ligand E together tune both PJT dynamics, as revealed by P ENDOR and N activation, as indicated by a decrease in N≡N stretching frequency, ν(N≡N). , and each exhibit a single P isotropic hyperfine coupling, revealing dynamic pseudorotation of the PJT distortion, producing averaged symmetry with equivalent phosphine ligands.

Diversity of Kryptoperidinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae): Morphological description and molecular phylogenetics of Kryptoperidinium secundum sp. nov.

Kryptoperidinium belongs to a group of dinophytes hosting a diatom as an endosymbiont and is currently considered to comprise a single, putatively bloom-forming and harmful species only. Molecular phylogenetics indicate the existence of a second distinct lineage and therefore species new to science, which we here formally describe as Kryptoperidinium secundum sp. nov.

Cerebrovascular Reactivity at Rest and Its Association With Cognitive Function in People With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia.

Background And Objectives: Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is an indicator of cerebrovascular health, and its signature in familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD) remains unknown. The primary aim was to investigate CVR in genetic FTD using an fMRI index of vascular contractility termed resting-state fluctuation amplitudes (RSFAs) and to assess whether RSFA differences are moderated by age. A secondary aim was to study the relationship between RSFA and cognition.

Tandem sustainability.

Modular solar chemistry may help replace fossil fuels in essential chemical production.

[Integrated youth mental health services - Low-threshold, integrated programs for young people in mental health crises : International experiences and the current situation in Germany].

Background: Young people in mental health crises have severely limited access to clinical care and show the lowest adherence to conventional clinical services. Low-threshold and integrated services (integrated youth mental health services, IYMHS) are recommended to overcome these barriers and provide early detection, early intervention and psychosocial care appropriate for young people.

Objective: The aim is to provide an overview of low-threshold IYMHS globally and in Germany and to report on international experiences with these services and evidence of their effectiveness.

Tailored minimal reservoir computing: On the bidirectional connection between nonlinearities in the model and in data.

We study how the degree of nonlinearity in the input data affects the optimal design of reservoir computers (RCs), focusing on how closely the model's nonlinearity should align with that of the data. By reducing minimal RCs to a single tunable nonlinearity parameter, we explore how the predictive performance varies with the degree of nonlinearity in the model. To provide controlled testbeds, we generalize to the fractional Halvorsen system, a novel chaotic system with fractional exponents.

Educational Interventions for Medical Students in Chronic Wound Care-A Scoping Review.

Wound care education is underrepresented in medical students' curricula. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the published literature on educational methods and interventions used for chronic wound care education, specifically for medical students. A five-step framework for scoping reviews was used and includes a specific research question, identification of relevant literature, selection of studies, extraction of data and synthesis of the results.

Strategic Planning as a Community Effort: Surveying the Perspectives of Members of the German Biobank Alliance.

The German Biobank Node (GBN) coordinates the national network of academic biobanks in Germany; the German Biobank Alliance (GBA). At the beginning of 2025, the GBA consisted of 42 biobanks. With an upcoming strategic reorientation, the GBN/GBA was interested in understanding the perspectives of their community to ensure that strategic decisions were aligned with their needs and interests.

Development and Implementation of an Open, Modular, and Participatory Toolchain for Distributed IT Development in Healthcare Research - Lessons Learned.

Introduction: Distributed healthcare research infrastructures face significant challenges when translating routine clinical data into harmonized, research-ready formats using HL7 FHIR standards.

State Of The Art: Existing FHIR-based pipelines such as the SMART/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access API, FHIR-to-OMOP mappings, and analytical services like Pathling demonstrate technical feasibility. However, most assume semantically valid FHIR data, operate within single-institution settings, and lack practical guidance for deployment across heterogeneous, regulated environments.

Selective Chemical Manipulation of Mannosyl- and Galactosyl-Queuosine in tRNAs of Living Cells.

Queuosine is a hypermodified nucleoside found in the anticodon loop of tRNAs decoding the amino acids His, Asn, Tyr, and Asp. In tRNA, the homoallylic 2-hydroxyl group of the cyclopentene ring carries an additional β-galactose, while in tRNA, an α-mannose is connected to the allylic 3-hydroxyl group. Although these additional sugar modifications were found in the tRNAs of many animals, including humans, their purpose remains unknown.