European survey on metabolic and cardiovascular risk in Cushing syndrome.

Background: Cushing's syndrome (CS) is associated with increased metabolic and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and morbidities. Evidence-based guidelines for the management of these issues in active or remitted CS are not available, so best practice is derived from guidelines developed for the general population. We aimed to evaluate the awareness and practice variation for CV comorbidities of CS across Reference Centres (RCs) of the European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (Endo-ERN).

Association of Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Proteomics Biomarkers With Indices of Heart Rate Variability in the General Population: KORA S4/FF4 Study.

Background: We sought to investigate the association between circulating inflammatory and cardiovascular proteomics biomarkers and cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction-sensitive heart rate variability indices.

Methods: Using the population-based KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) cohort, 233 proteomics biomarkers were quantified in baseline plasma samples of 1389 individuals using proximity extension assay technology. Five heart rate variability indices (Rényi entropy of the histogram with order [α] 4, total power of the density spectra, SD of word sequence, SD of the short-term normal-to-normal interval variability, compression entropy) were assessed at baseline in 982 individuals and in 407 individuals at baseline and at 14-year follow-up.

National survey on the presence of multidisciplinary meetings for interstitial lung diseases (ILD-MDM) in hospitals in Germany.

Background: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) represent an interdisciplinary clinical challenge and are not uncommonly associated with rheumatological diseases. Interstitial lung disease multidisciplinary meetings (ILD-MDM) provide a structured platform for interdisciplinary case discussions and decision making. Despite their great importance in patient care, data on the prevalence, structure and function of ILD-MDM in Germany are lacking.

Leksell G frame in pediatric neurosurgery: experiences from 73 stereotactic procedures.

Objective: Pediatric neurosurgery sets particularly high standards for indications, technique, and the risk profile of surgical procedures. These standards include precise targeting procedures due to the complex anatomy of the developing brain, especially in conditions such as epilepsy, brain tumors, hydrocephalus, and cystic lesions. The Leksell G frame, a stereotactic device designed for high-accuracy localization, has been utilized across various neurosurgical procedures in both adults and children.

Elevated FDG uptake in non-tumorous lung regions does not predict immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in lung cancer patients.

Background: Predictors for checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (cinrPneumonitis) are desperately needed. This study aimed to investigate the pretreatment standardized uptake value (SUV) on [F]FDG-PET/CT of non-tumorous lung tissue as a predictive imaging marker for the development of cinrPneumonitis in 239 patients with lung cancer.

Methods: All patients with lung cancer receiving [F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) prior to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy were included and retrospectively analyzed.

Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) of Slow-Flow Vascular Malformations (SFVMs) in Children.

Rationale And Objectives: Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is a promising treatment for slow-flow vascular malformations (SFVMs). Due to limited paediatric data, this study aimed to assess the safety, effectiveness, and patient-reported outcomes of BEST in children with SFVMs.

Material And Methods: This monocenter cohort study included patients <18 years with symptomatic SFVMs treated by BEST.

Estrogen-regulated renal progenitors determine pregnancy adaptation and preeclampsia.

The global burden of kidney disease displays marked sexual dimorphism. Lineage tracing and single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed that starting from puberty, estrogen signaling in female mice supports self-renewal and differentiation of renal progenitors to increase filtration capacity, reducing sensitivity to glomerular injury compared with that of males. This phenomenon accelerated as female kidneys adapted to the workload of pregnancy.

Revisiting Parkinson's disease definition and classification: insights from two emerging biological frameworks.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous neurodegenerative entity with diverse clinical presentations, genetic contributors, and neuropathological features. Central to its pathogenesis is misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein, which collectively form Lewy pathology. Recent advances in biomarker and genetic research have enabled biologically grounded models of PD classification, diagnosis and staging.

Pharmacotherapy for psychiatric inpatients with alcohol use disorder or acute intoxication: results from an observational pharmacovigilance program-status and changes between 2000 and 2016.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a mental disorder with a high prevalence and is one of the most common diagnoses requiring inpatient treatment. For the pharmacological management of withdrawal and detoxification, tranquilizing and anticonvulsant drugs, as well as symptom-triggered therapy, are recommended. In this study, we investigated the use of psychotropic drugs in the inpatient treatment of patients with AUD or acute intoxication by analyzing data from the Drug Safety Program in Psychiatry (German: Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie; AMSP).

Comparing supervised machine learning algorithms for the prediction of partial arterial pressure of oxygen during craniotomy.

Background And Objectives: Brain tissue oxygenation is usually inferred from arterial partial pressure of oxygen (paO), which is in turn often inferred from pulse oximetry measurements or other non-invasive proxies. Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility of continuous paO prediction in an intraoperative setting among neurosurgical patients undergoing craniotomies with modern machine learning methods.

Methods: Data from routine clinical care of lung-healthy neurosurgical patients were extracted from databases of the respective clinical systems and normalized.

Safety and Clinical Outcome of Bleomycin-Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) Treating Lymphatic Malformations (LMs).

Introduction: Bleomycin-electrosclerotherapy (BEST) is a novel treatment for slow-flow vascular malformations (SFVMs), most studied in venous malformations. This study specifically evaluated its safety and clinical outcome in lymphatic/lymphatic-dominant lympho-venous malformations (LMs/ld-LVMs).

Materials And Methods: A monocentric cohort with symptomatic LMs or ld-LVMs treated by BEST was retrospectively assessed.

Polygenic Contributions to Lithium Augmentation Outcomes in Unipolar Depression.

Importance: Lithium augmentation is an effective treatment for patients with major depression after inadequate antidepressant response, but therapeutic outcomes vary considerably between individuals. Molecular studies may provide novel insights into treatment prediction and guide personalized therapy.

Objective: To investigate the association of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BIP) with clinical outcomes after lithium augmentation.

Development and Implementation of an Open, Modular, and Participatory Toolchain for Distributed IT Development in Healthcare Research - Lessons Learned.

Introduction: Distributed healthcare research infrastructures face significant challenges when translating routine clinical data into harmonized, research-ready formats using HL7 FHIR standards.

State Of The Art: Existing FHIR-based pipelines such as the SMART/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access API, FHIR-to-OMOP mappings, and analytical services like Pathling demonstrate technical feasibility. However, most assume semantically valid FHIR data, operate within single-institution settings, and lack practical guidance for deployment across heterogeneous, regulated environments.

Influence of Sex and Diagnosis on Clinical Variables and Neurocognitive Performance in Severe Mental Illness. Results From the PsyCourse Study.

Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are serious mental illnesses (SMI) with overlapping symptoms but distinct differences in onset and course. Sex differences are an area of growing interest in SMI. This study aims to examine potential interactions between sex and diagnosis across a broad range of variables, to compare males and females within SZ and BD, and to investigate sex-specific group differences.

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-A Global Review.

Background: Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a rare and severe neurodegenerative tauopathy characterized by diverse clinical phenotypes, including Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS), PSP-parkinsonism (PSP-P), PSP-progressive gait freezing (PSP-PGF), and PSP-corticobasal syndrome (PSP-CBS). Significant geographic variation exists in prevalence, clinical presentations, and prognosis.

Objectives: This global review aims to systematically evaluate the epidemiological variation, clinical phenotypes, diagnostic practices, and management strategies for PSP, focusing on regional disparities and identifying influencing genetic and environmental factors.

Repeat-associated ataxias in a German patient cohort analysed by targeted parallel long-read sequencing.

Hereditary adult-onset ataxias are a heterogeneous group of phenotypically overlapping conditions, often caused by pathogenic expansions of short tandem repeats. Currently, 18 repeat disorders with a core phenotype of adult-onset ataxia are known. Diagnosis typically relies on sequential PCR-based methods, which are labour-intensive and lack precision.

Implementation and clinical evaluation of an in-house thoracic auto-segmentation model for 0.35 T magnetic resonance imaging guided radiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) facilitates high accuracy, small margins treatments at the cost of time-consuming and labor-intensive manual delineation of organs-at-risk (OARs). Auto-segmentation models show promise in streamlining this workflow. This study investigates the clinical applicability of a set of thoracic OAR segmentation models for baseline treatment planning in lung tumor patients.

Risk factors for dementia and cognitive impairment within 5 years after stroke: a prospective multicentre cohort study.

Background: Stroke survivors frequently experience subsequent cognitive impairment or dementia. We aimed to identify risk factors for post-stroke dementia (PSD) and cognitive impairment (PSCI) within 5 years after stroke.

Methods: The DEMDAS (German Center for Neurological Diseases (DZNE) mechanisms of dementia after stroke) study is a prospective cohort of stroke patients admitted to six German tertiary stroke centres between May 1, 2011 and January 31, 2019.

Efficacy of pharmacogenetic (PGx)-guided antidepressant treatment on functional outcomes and quality of life in adults with anxiety and affective disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the efficacy of pharmacogenetic (PGx)-guided antidepressant treatment compared to treatment as usual (TAU) on functional outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in people with anxiety and affective disorders. A PRISMA-compliant systematic search was performed up to 26/06/2025 to identify relevant prospective, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in seven databases. The revised tool for Risk of Bias (RoB2) was used to assess the methodological qualities of the included studies (PROSPERO CRD42024518683).

Unravelling the Link Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Performance in Individuals With Bipolar Disorder and Exploration of PRS Moderation Effect: Findings From the PsyCourse Study.

Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by extreme mood swings, often accompanied by metabolic comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, which increase mortality and reduce quality of life. Both metabolic dysfunctions and BD are associated with cognitive dysfunction. Body mass index (BMI) is closely linked to metabolic health and cognitive performance.