Published Population Pharmacokinetic Models of Imatinib Perform Poorly on TDM Data from Pediatric Patients.

Background: Population pharmacokinetic models can potentially provide suggestions for an initial dose and the magnitude of dose adjustment during therapeutic drug monitoring procedures of imatinib. Several population pharmacokinetic models for imatinib have been developed over the last two decades. However, their predictive performance is still unknown when extrapolated to different populations, especially children.

Increased Plasma ST2 Levels Precede the Development of Severe Acute GvHD and Chronic GvHD After Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Background: The suppressor of tumorigenesis 2 (ST2) has emerged as one of the most promising biomarkers for predicting mortality of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) when measured at the onset of symptoms, but detailed time course studies are needed to understand the potential of ST2 as a risk marker of both aGvHD and chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD), potentially allowing pre-emptive adjustment of immunosuppressive treatment.

Procedure: We measured ST2 levels in 117 children undergoing standard hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) before conditioning and at regular intervals post-HSCT.

Results: ST2 levels were significantly increased from Day +7 in patients developing aGvHD of any grade (no GvHD: 23.

Prodromal Lewy Body Symptoms and α-Synuclein Seeding in Idiopathic Olfactory Dysfunction.

Background: Early identification of pathological α-synuclein deposition (αSynD) may improve understanding of Lewy body disorder (LBD) progression and enable timely disease-modifying treatments.

Objectives: We investigated αSynD using a seed amplification assay and assessed prodromal LBD symptoms in individuals with idiopathic olfactory dysfunction (iOD).

Methods: In this cross-sectional, case-control study, we included iOD participants and normosmic healthy controls (HC) aged 55 to 75 years without diagnoses of dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease (PD), or other major neurological disorders.

Evaluating a novel intestinal tampon for adults with ileostomy: pilot study.

Introduction: Approximately 1 million people live with ileostomies and rely on stoma bags in their daily lives. They do not have access to alternative products. To address alternatives, InterPoc™, an absorbent intestinal tampon, has been developed.

Early prediction of subsequent peg-asparaginase inactivation in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients-A NOPHO ALL2008 study.

Polyethylene glycol (peg)-asparaginase plays a crucial role in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) treatment, yet its associated toxicity often leads to treatment discontinuation, elevating relapse risk. Hypersensitivity with inactivation of asparaginase is common and often associated with severe allergic reactions. This study aims to comprehensively analyse asparaginase enzyme activity (AEA) pharmacokinetics, validate a previously developed pharmacokinetic model based on intravenous administration and evaluate its capability to detect changes in clearance before inactivation in patients treated with intramuscular peg-asparaginase.

Aortic valve function and aortic dilatation associated with bicuspid aortic valve in early childhood.

Introduction: The natural history of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) remains inadequately characterized, leaving uncertainties regarding whether associated aortic dilatation arises from an inherent susceptibility or primarily results from altered flow dynamics across the aortic valve. We aimed to describe the evolution of valve function and aortic dilatation at preschool-age in children diagnosed with BAV neonatally.

Methods: The population study, Copenhagen Baby Heart Study (n >25,000) performed in 2016-2018, diagnosed 196 newborns (0.

Long-term comparative effectiveness of BNT162b2 vaccine on SARS-CoV-2 infection in adolescents: A register-based real-world study from Denmark.

Objectives: Contribute to data on the long-term real-world effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine efficacy (VE) in adolescents.

Study Design: This observational study from July 2021 to June 2022 was designed to emulate a target trial.

Methods: Fully vaccinated adolescents 12-15 years of age were matched to unvaccinated adolescents.

C-reactive protein levels at admission among stroke patients - A comparative analysis.

Objective: Severity and outcome of stroke may be associated with a concomitant or subsequent inflammatory response. C-reactive protein (CRP) may correlate with length of stay (LOS) in hospital, indicating increased complexity of stroke patients with an ongoing inflammatory reaction upon admission.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study used data from admissions to the non-comprehensive Stroke Unit, which receives patients ineligible for revascularization therapy at Herlev-Gentofte hospital, in 2019 and 2020.

Enabling micro-assessments of skills in the simulated setting using temporal artificial intelligence-models.

Background: Assessing skills in simulated settings is resource-intensive and lacks validated metrics. Advances in AI offer the potential for automated competence assessment, addressing these limitations. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning AI model for automated evaluation during simulation-based thyroid ultrasound (US) training.

The European Reference Network eUROGEN, an interview by the Journal of Pediatric Urology.

The European Reference Networks (ERNs) initiative was started by the European Commission. The initiative was launched in 2017 in response to the 2011 EU Directive on Cross-Border Healthcare (Directive 2011/24/EU), which emphasized the need to improve healthcare for patients with rare diseases and complex conditions across the European Union. Currently, 24 ERNs are available for rare diseases.

Ovarian reserve markers in women of reproductive ages with epilepsy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine ovarian reserve parameters in women with epilepsy compared to women without epilepsy.

Methods: A total of 80 women with epilepsy (WWE) from the epilepsy clinic at Rigshospitalet, Denmark, participated and completed the study between 2018-2022. A historical cohort collected from 2008 to 2010 of 418 women without epilepsy and no prior diagnosis of infertility was used as control.

TLR5 influences the development of type 1 diabetes.

Unlabelled: In mammalian and human life, it is important that the immune system defends against microorganisms. Although there is a huge overlap, innate cells are good against bacteria, whereas T cells are good against viruses, mainly because of antibody production via T helper and B lymphocytes. Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is a regulator; when it is highly expressed, T cells are inhibited, and innate cells are favored.

Early surgical complications following kidney transplantation in adults: A systematic review.

Objective: To quantify and characterise short-term (<90 days) surgical complications following kidney transplantation and identify risk factors for complications.

Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the protocol registered with PROSPERO (ID CRD42024535328). Studies reporting surgical and postoperative complications within 90 days of surgery were included as well as studies reporting on groups of complications such as urological, vascular or wound related.

Correlations between surface marker patterns in meningiomas, prognosis and location.

Background: Meningiomas exhibit considerable phenotypic variation within each WHO grade, thus additional markers are needed to identify prognostically relevant subgroups and optimize long-term management. Among biomarkers, genetic signatures correlate with prognoses. High Ki-67 proliferation indices and TERT promotor mutations and loss of CDKNA are known prognostic markers.

Hands-on Distance Simulation of Technical Skills: A Systematic Review.

Distance simulation in health care has advanced rapidly, offering potential to reduce geographical barriers, costs, and carbon emissions while increasing global access to medical education. This systematic review evaluated hands-on technical skills training via distance simulation compared to traditional on-site training. Following PRISMA guidelines, 104 studies were analyzed.

Genetically determined body mass index is associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in polygenic and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Obesity has been associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between genetically determined adiposity and four common NHL subtypes: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and marginal zone lymphoma, using eight genome-wide association studies of European ancestry (N = 10,629 cases, 9505 controls) and constructing polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI). Higher genetically determined BMI was associated with an increased risk of DLBCL [odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 1.

[Female hydrocele in the Canal of Nuck: a rare and often overlooked diagnosis].

Female hydrocele is rare and should be considered in female inguinal swelling. The Canal of Nuck usually obliterates in females, but failure in this obliteration can result in a persistent canal, causing hydrocele. Defects in the Canal of Nuck are rare and most often surgically corrected in young girls.

[Anti-amyloid antibodies for the treatment of early-stage Alzheimer's disease].

Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative dementia disorder and is associated with several negative health outcomes. Current treatment consists of symptomatic treatment and supportive measures. However, advances have led to the development of antibodies towards beta-amyloid, which likely plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology.

Existing Data Sources in Clinical Epidemiology: The Danish Prehospital Medical Record System.

Background: The Danish Prehospital Medical Record (DPMR) represents a pioneering nationwide electronic prehospital medical record system. While routinely collected data from the DPMR are increasingly used for research, a comprehensive description of its system and content is needed.

Objective: To provide an overview of the DPMR as a tool for research, including its structure, variables, and current volume of records.

Effects of vegetarian and vegan diets on disease activity, pain, fatigue, and physical function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the effects of vegan and vegetarian diets on disease activity, pain, fatigue, and physical function in people with rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: We conducted searches on the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Central electronic databases up to December 2024. Randomized controlled trials that investigated vegan or vegetarian dietary interventions (including lacto-ovo-vegetarian, vegan, or whole-food plant-based diets) in people with rheumatoid arthritis were included, and independent of outcomes measured.