Implementation and Adherence of a Custom Mobile Application for Anonymous Bidirectional Communication Among Nearly 4000 Participants: Insights from the Longitudinal RisCoin Study.

: The longitudinal RisCoin study investigated risk factors for COVID-19 vaccination failure among healthcare workers (HCWs) and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at a University Hospital in Germany. Since the hospital served as the study sponsor and employer of the HCW, we implemented a custom mobile application. We aimed to evaluate the implementation, adherence, benefits, and limitations of this study's app.

Association Between Maternal Dietary Fatty Acid Intake and Fatty Acid Composition of Placental Phospholipids.

Fatty acid status during the perinatal period is important for optimal offspring growth and development. : We aimed to test the association between maternal fatty acid (FA) intake during the third trimester of pregnancy and the FA composition of placental phospholipids, a marker of maternal fatty acid status. : This cohort study was performed on 54 mothers participating in the PREOBE study.

Nutrition interventions in the first 1000 days and long-term health outcomes: a systematic review.

Background: Nutrition in early life can influence health in later life. This systematic review evaluated the impact of nutrition intervention programs in the first 1000 days of life on long-term cardio-metabolic, respiratory, and mental health and dietary behaviour in children.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from high-income countries were searched in four databases and two trial registries in March 2020, and updated in November 2022.

Anthropometry and Body Composition in Childhood: Follow-Up of a Randomised, Double-Blinded Controlled Trial With a Modified, Low-Protein Infant Formula During Infancy.

Introduction: Formula feeding is associated with an increased obesity risk compared to breastfeeding, possibly due to its higher protein content. We aimed to investigate the influence of feeding a modified, low-protein infant formula during the first 6 months of life on growth and body composition at 6 years.

Methods: Healthy term-born infants were randomised to receive a low-protein (mLP) infant formula with modified amino acid composition (n = 90; 1.

Effect of a Low Glycemic Index/Slow Digesting (LGI/SD) Carbohydrate Product on Maternal Glycemia and Neonatal Body Composition in Obese Pregnant Women: The NIGOHealth Randomized Clinical Trial.

Obesity during pregnancy is strongly related to increased insulin resistance, and subsequent development of metabolic syndrome-like disorders, such as glucose intolerance, pre-eclampsia, as well as preterm birth, and cesarean delivery. Nutrition can influence the evolution of glycemic response and may help improve adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term complications. The main objective of the Nutritional Intervention during Gestation and Offspring Health (NIGOHealth) randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.

Structure elucidation and quantification of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in a non-approved drug and in cat serum using QTRAP-MS/MS and ZenoTOF-MS/MS.

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal systemic disease in cats caused by a feline coronavirus (FCoV). Recent studies have shown that Xraphconn, an unapproved veterinary drug, has significantly increased survival rates in cats with FIP. However, the lack of transparent information regarding the chemical structure and quantity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) necessitates a thorough investigation of this drug.

Is Growth in Early Childhood a Window of Opportunity for Programming Long-Term Health?

Background: Rapid growth characterizes early childhood, with the highest weight gain in early infancy and continued relatively high gains during preschool years.

Summary: Subnormal weight and length gain from birth to about 2 years of age predict increased childhood wasting and stunting, whereas excessive weight gain in infancy and early childhood is associated with increased later obesity. Breastfeeding attenuates the risk of high early weight gain and later obesity, adding another reason for promoting, protecting and supporting breastfeeding.

Fish consumption advice is depriving children of neurolipids and other nutrients essential to brain and eye development.

A large and growing body of published research has found considerable evidence of improvements and little evidence of harm to children's neurodevelopment, including IQ, when pregnant women eat more fish, particularly ocean species. Fish is the primary dietary source for people of omega-3 fatty acids that are essential building blocks for brain structure and function. The human body cannot synthesize adequate amounts of these omega-3s for optimal brain development so they must be obtained preformed, mainly from fish.

Epigenetic timing effects on child developmental outcomes: a longitudinal meta-regression of findings from the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics Consortium.

Background: DNA methylation (DNAm) is a developmentally dynamic epigenetic process; yet, most epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have examined DNAm at only one timepoint or without systematic comparisons between timepoints. Thus, it is unclear whether DNAm alterations during certain developmental periods are more informative than others for health outcomes, how persistent epigenetic signals are across time, and whether epigenetic timing effects differ by outcome.

Methods: We applied longitudinal meta-regression models to published meta-analyses from the PACE consortium that examined DNAm at two timepoints-prospectively at birth and cross-sectionally in childhood-in relation to the same child outcome (ADHD symptoms, general psychopathology, sleep duration, BMI, asthma).

The Associations of Maternal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index With Human Milk Fatty Acid and Phospholipid Composition in the Observational Norwegian Human Milk Study.

Background: Human milk fat quality depends on its fatty acid (FA) and phospholipid (PL) composition. There is clear evidence that maternal diet influences human milk FA composition. However, the scientific literature concerning associations between prepregnancy body mass index (pBMI) and milk FA and PL composition remains inconclusive.

Early-life growth and emotional, behavior and cognitive outcomes in childhood and adolescence in the EU child cohort network: individual participant data meta-analysis of over 109,000 individuals.

Background: Fetal and infant development might be critical for cognitive outcomes and psychopathology later in life. We assessed the associations of birth characteristics and early life growth with behavior and cognitive outcomes from childhood to adolescence.

Methods: We used harmonized data of 109,481 children from 8 European birth cohorts.

Comprehensive tissue homogenization and metabolite extraction for application in clinical metabolomics.

Background: Metabolomics and lipidomics analysis of various biological samples offer insights into potential mechanisms of health and disease development. Tissue samples, compared to other biological samples, are less elucidated due to challenges in sample collection and lack of standardized sample preparation protocols for reproducible tissue homogenization and broad-range metabolite extraction.

Results: Pork tissue samples were homogenized with six different solvent mixtures with increasing lipophilicity, followed by metabolites extraction using methanol for polar and methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in methanol (MeOH) for highly lipophilic compounds.

Association between early dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health at age 8: a confirmatory analysis of the European Childhood Obesity Project.

Background & Aim: Metabolic and cardiovascular health outcomes are strongly influenced by diet. Dietary habits established in early childhood may persist into adulthood. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary patterns at both 2 and 8 years of age, explaining the maximum variability of high- and low-quality fats, sugars, and fibre, and cardiometabolic markers at age 8 years.

Cord Blood Metabolite Profiles and Childhood Cardio-Metabolic Outcomes in a Population-Based Cohort.

Introduction: Adverse exposures in utero might cause adaptations of cardiovascular and metabolic organ development, predisposing individuals to an adverse cardio-metabolic risk profile from childhood onwards. We hypothesized that adaptations in metabolic pathways underlie these associations and examined associations of metabolite profiles at birth with childhood cardio-metabolic risk factors.

Methods: The study included 763 mother-child pairs participating in an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study with an overall low disease risk.

ImpENSA eHealthy Conversation Skills training for healthcare professionals aimed at improving micronutrient status during the first 1000 days in South Africa.

Individuals' lifestyle behaviours determine health. Improving Early Nutrition and Health in South Africa ("ImpENSA"), an EU Erasmus+ co-funded project, aims to tackle the triple burden of malnutrition in South Africa through equipping healthcare professionals (HCPs) with knowledge and skills to effectively support healthy nutritional choices among pregnant women and mothers/infant caregivers. Healthy Conversation Skills (HCS) is a behaviour change intervention utilising open discovery questions, active listening, reflection on practice and goal-setting support through SMARTER (Specific, Measured, Action-oriented, Realistic, Timed, Evaluated and Reviewed) planning as core competences.

Longitudinal changes in preschoolers' adiposity indicators according to compliance with 24-hour movement behavior guidelines: results from the ToyBox-study.

Background: There is a lack of studies evaluating longitudinal changes in adiposity indicators and the association with 24-hour movement behavior guidelines in preschoolers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate associations between changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) z-scores, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, and compliance with the 24-hour movement behavior guidelines in three- to six-year-old children from a European sample.

Methods: In total, data from a European sample of 719 preschoolers (50.

Milk metabolite composition of a semi-captive population of Asian elephants.

Lack of maternal milk commonly leads to Asian elephant calves' death in captivity. Currently, available supplements seem inefficient. Hence, we aimed at characterizing the composition of Asian elephant milk to provide information on calves' nutritional needs.

Orphan and paediatric medical devices in Europe: recommendations to support their availability for on-label and off-label clinical indications.

Introduction: The Medical Device Regulation (EU)745/2017, increased the regulatory requirements and thus the time and the cost associated with marketing medical devices. For a majority of medical device manufacturers, this has lead to reconsiderations of their product portfolio. The risk of important or essential devices being withdrawn is particularly relevant for pediatric patients and other rare disease patients where limited numbers of devices can be sold and hence the investment needed may not be recovered.

Apparent Saturation of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Catabolism After High Dietary Milk Protein Intake in Healthy Adults.

Context: Milk protein contains high concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) that play a critical role in anabolism and are implicated in the onset of obesity and chronic disease. Characterizing BCAA catabolism in the postprandial phase could elucidate the impact of protein intake on obesity risk established in the "early protein hypothesis."

Objective: To examine the acute effects of protein content of young child formulas as test meals on BCAA catabolism, observing postprandial plasma concentrations of BCAA in relation to their degradation products.