Oxidation State Manipulation of NiO for High Performance and Light-Soaking Stability of Perovskite Solar Modules.

NiO is widely used for hole-transporting layers in p-i-n-type perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its stability, wide bandgap (≈3.5 eV), and solution processability. However, during solution processing, oxygen exposure can induce non-stoichiometry, forming Ni.

Efficacy and safety of a novel flow-disruptor device in a rabbit aneurysm model: a preliminary study.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel flow-disruptor (NFD), designed to function as both a flow diverter and disruptor, in a rabbit aneurysm model. Elastase-induced aneurysms were created in 21 rabbits and treated with the NFD. Animals were randomly assigned to follow-up evaluations at 1 month (n = 7), 2 months (n = 7), and 3 months (n = 7).

Three-dimensional morphology in localized Joule heating-induced structured films for enhanced sensitivity in soft pressure sensors.

Manufacturing well-designed three-dimensional (3D) structures on the surface a soft elastomer is essential for achieving a highly sensitive soft pressure sensor and for pursuing advanced applications. While soft pressure sensors with 3D structures have previously been developed through methods such as prefabricated micro-pattern molds and elastomer replication, challenges such as limited geometric flexibility and the necessity for multi-step fabrication processes remain. This study demonstrates a novel approach for fabricating 3D structures by employing localized Joule heating on thermoset elastomers, aimed at enhancing the sensitivity of the soft pressure sensors.

Simulation of organic light-emitting diode-based inkjet printing using a piezoelectric fluid structural interaction model.

Organic/quantum dot light-emitting diode displays have recently been manufactured using inkjet printers, which require stable ink drops and strict control during the printing process. Combining Ansys Fluent and Ansys Mechanical simulations, this research establishes the conditions that stabilize the ink droplets. The feasibility of this approach is verified through a jetting simulation of Newtonian fluids with almost constant viscosity and a comparison of the simulation and experimental results.

Retainment of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate--3-hydroxyhexanoate) Properties from Oil-Fermented Using Additional Ethanol-Based Defatting Process.

Engineering of could enable the production of various polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs); particularly, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate--3-hydroxyhexanoate) (P(3HB--3HH)), a biopolymer with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties compared to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), can be efficiently produced from vegetable oils. However, challenges remain in the recovery process, particularly in removing residual oil and minimizing degradation of the polymer structure during extraction steps. This study investigated the effects of ethanol-based defatting on the recovery and polymeric properties of P(3HB--3HH).

FEN1-assisted cascade enzymatic reaction (FACER) for one-step and washing-free detection of nucleic acid using personal glucose meter.

A novel one-step nucleic acid detection platform termed FACER (FEN1-assisted Cascade Enzymatic Reaction) has been developed, leveraging the structure-specific cleavage ability of the flap endonuclease (FEN1) enzyme for the sensitive detection of target DNA. FACER employs two specifically designed probes that hybridize with target DNA, forming a UP single flap structure cleaved by FEN1 to release adenosine monophosphate (AMP). The AMP serves as a substrate in a cascade enzymatic reaction (CER) involving myokinase, pyruvate kinase, and hexokinase, ultimately resulting in a decrease in glucose concentration measurable using a personal glucose meter (PGM).

Deformation Behaviors in Single BCC-Phase Refractory Multi-Principal Element Alloys under Dynamic Conditions.

The mechanical behavior and microstructural evolution of a BCC-phase NbTaTiV refractory multi-principal element alloy (RMPEA) is studied over a wide range of strain rates (10 to 10 s) and temperatures (room temperature to 850 °C). The mechanical property of present RMPEA shows less strain-rate dependence and strong resistance to softening at high temperatures. Under high strain-rate loading, the formation of thin type-I twins is observed, which could lead to an increase in strain-hardening rates.

Design of Electrified Fiber Sorbents for Direct Air Capture with Electrically-Driven Temperature Vacuum Swing Adsorption.

Joule heating is becoming accepted as a highly efficient regeneration technique for temperature vacuum swing adsorption in direct air capture (DAC). This acknowledgment arises from its ability to rapidly generate and transfer heat, along with the convenience of obtaining electrical power from renewable sources. This study presents a unique electrified fiber sorbent (i.

Development of a Highly Reliable PbS QDs-Based SWIR Photodetector Based on Metal Oxide Electron/Hole Extraction Layer Formation Conditions.

Recently, with the development of automation technology in various fields, much research has been conducted on infrared photodetectors, which are the core technology of LiDAR sensors. However, most infrared photodetectors are expensive because they use compound semiconductors based on epitaxial processes, and they have low safety because they use the near-infrared (NIR) region that can damage the retina. Therefore, they are difficult to apply to automation technologies such as automobiles and factories where humans can be constantly exposed.

Multiplex Optical Unclonable Functions: Advances and Perspectives in Optics and Photonics for Hardware Security.

With the accelerating expansion of connectivity, the need for advanced cyber-physical security technologies that bridge the digital and physical worlds is becoming more crucial than ever. Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) leveraging nanotechnologies and photonic technologies are emerging as practical and deployable hardware security solutions that go beyond software-based hardware security. Optics- and photonics-based PUFs (often referred to as optical PUFs) offer a range of characteristics beneficial to multiplex strategies that incorporate multilevel and multimodal approaches, based on their fundamental optical and photonic properties.

Effect of Heat Treatment Conditions on Mechanical Properties of Die-Casting Al-Si-Cu-xLa Alloys.

In this study, lanthanum (La), a rare earth element, was added at concentrations of 0.25 wt.%, 0.

Acid-Free Liquid Crystalline Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Polyelectrolytes for Interconnected Fibers, Yarns, and Electronic Textiles.

Liquid crystalline (LC) solutions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) provide an attractive route to ordered fibers, films, and coatings, with exceptional multifunctional properties. Here, the formation of nematic phases, using reductive chemistry, to generate SWCNT polyelectrolytes (sodium nanotubides) as an alternative to routes based on superacids is elucidated. Strikingly, the stable mesophase domain of SWCNT polyelectrolytes extends to spontaneous LC nematic formation at a low concentration of 0.

Flexible self-powered MoS/LaVOphotodetector enhanced by graphene quantum dots interlayer.

High-performance self-powered photodetectors (PDs) have attracted significant interest as highly efficient optoelectronic devices capable of operating without an external power source. In this study, we demonstrate a flexible MoS/graphene quantum dots (GQDs)/LaVOheterojunction PD fabricated on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate. The device performance was systematically evaluated with and without the GQDs interlayer.

Wearable PEDOT:PSS/DVS-Coated Yarn-Type Transpiration-Driven Electrokinetic Power Generator with High Power Efficiency and Water Stability.

Hydrovoltaic nanogenerators, which harness small quantities of water to generate power, are gaining considerable attention for applications in next-generation wearable electronics. Conventional hydrovoltaic nanogenerators are constrained by their limited power density and suboptimal long-term stability. Therefore, a transpiration-driven electrokinetic power generator (TEPG) based on silk yarn coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/divinyl sulfone (DVS) and designed as a wearable hydrovoltaic nanogenerator offering outstanding power generation efficiency and water stability is presented in this study.

Fluorinated Trimers for Enhancing the Stability and Solubility of Organic Small Molecules Without Spectral Shifts: Ultrastable Ultraviolet Absorbers for Transparent Polyimide Films.

The development of highly stable organic small molecules for optical applications is of growing interest. Multimerization of monomeric small molecules can enhance stability via increased π-π stacking, but it often reduces solubility and induces undesirable spectral shifts due to π-extension. To overcome this trade-off, we report a trimeric small molecule (F-TPBT) derived from a model monomer (Tinuvin 327) using a 1,3,5-fluorinated phenyl linker.

Iridium-Based Mixed Transition Metal Oxide (IrMO, M = Ni, Co, Fe) Incorporated in the Conducting Layer as an Electrocatalyst for Boosting the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

IrMO@CMI (M = Ni, Co, Fe) electrocatalysts are explored for the oxygen evolution reaction by embedding IrMO within carbon matrix islands (CMIs) in direct contact with a titanium porous transport layer. Structural and compositional analyses reveal that incorporating transition metals not only enhances Ir particle dispersion but also modifies the morphology. The unique hierarchical structure of the IrMO@CMI electrocatalyst improves its intrinsic OER activity and durability under severe acidic conditions.

Advances in Biomass-Derived Carbon Materials: Production, Functionalization, and Applications for Contaminant Removal.

Biomass waste is a promising, cost-effective, and sustainable source of biomass-derived carbon materials (BCMs) because of its high carbon content, renewability, and environmental friendliness. This review discusses the synthesis of BCMs from several organic sources, including plant materials, animal waste, and aquatic organisms. We also examine the efficiency of these materials in removing pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, and emerging organic contaminants.

Biodegradation of PCL, PBS, and PBAT at low temperatures by Aeromicrobium sp. JJY06: A newly isolated strain for cold-environment plastic cleanup.

The widespread use of plastics has created a significant environmental challenge due to the accumulation of plastic waste. In this study, we isolated a bacterial strain, named JJY06, from rice field soil in the Republic of Korea. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the strain was identified as an Aeromicrobium species, showing 99.

Sucrose-Based Screening of a Novel Strain, sp. YI8, and Its Application to Polyhydroxybutyrate Production from Molasses.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) is a biodegradable plastic produced by various microbes. Considering the emerging environmental problems caused by plastics, P(3HB) has gained attention as a substitute for conventional plastics. In this study, we isolated a novel P(3HB)-producing microbe, sp.

Superior Storage and Controlled Release of Oxygen by Solid Clathrates under Ambient Conditions.

A concentrated O supply is essential in medical systems, submarines, aircraft, and in space technology. However, it remains challenging to discover solid materials for O storage, particularly those that offer structural stability and O-capturing characteristics under ambient conditions. Here, we report solid hydroquinone clathrate crystals encapsulating O molecules, potentially allowing long-term storage and recycling at room temperature and ambient pressure.

Biomass-derived CMC-reinforced zwitterionic organohydrogel for wearable strain sensors: Achieving superior stretchability, adhesion, and anti-freezing performance.

Hydrogels have attracted significant attention in wearable electronics owing to their flexibility, biocompatibility, and responsiveness. However, simultaneously achieving strong adhesion, high stretchability, anti-freezing capability, and long-term stability remains challenging. Herein, we present a multifunctional organohydrogel synthesized via one-pot radical polymerization of sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) and acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of biomass-derived carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).

Recent Advances in Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models for Studies of Liver Fibrosis.

Background: Liver fibrosis is a reversible but complex pathological condition associated with chronic liver diseases, affecting over 1.5 billion people worldwide. It is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition resulting from sustained liver injury, often advancing to cirrhosis and cancer.

Correction to "Sustainable Butyl Rubber Production from Microbial Isobutanol-Derived Isobutylene".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c05992.

Artificial Olfactory System Enabled by Ultralow Chemical Sensing Variations of 1D SnO Nanoarchitectures.

AI-assisted electronic nose systems often emphasize sensitivity-driven datasets, overlooking the comprehensive analysis of gaseous chemical attributes critical for precise gas identification. Conventional fabrication methods generate inconsistent datasets and focus primarily on improving classification accuracy through deep learning, neglecting the fundamental role of sensor material design. This study addresses these challenges by developing a highly reliable sensor platform to standardize gas sensing for deep learning applications.

Effect of SAM-Dependent Methyltransferases from sp. YLGW01 on Phospholipid Fatty Acids Composition and Production of Polyhydroxalkanoates in .

The bacterial membrane changes in response to growth conditions such as salt concentration, temperature, and growth inhibitors. As membrane fatty acid related genes are important in controlling the membrane composition, we studied two genes cyclopropane fatty acid synthase () and cis-vaccinate 11-methyltransferase () that designated to S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase derivatives from sp. YLGW01.