Inhalation of dust accumulated on personal computer fans in the office may cause pathological effects by disrupting the metabolic activity of alveolar macrophages.

Considering that computer fans draw in dust from the office air, and that printers and copiers are typically placed near computers, we collected dust that accumulated on computer fans from three commercial personal computer centers to predict the health effects of inhaled office dust (OD). OD contained various types of microplastics and non-protein particles, and several hydrophilic elements were bound to the OD. When aspirated OD via the pharynx for 90 days, blood levels of IP and K significantly decreased in male mice, but not in female mice.

ATG7 in innate immune cells is required for host defense against nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections.

Infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacteroides abscessus, are becoming increasingly prevalent, and rising antibiotic resistance poses a significant clinical challenge. However, the mechanisms by which the host defense system controls these infections remain poorly understood. Here we show that the autophagy-related protein ATG7 in innate immune cells plays an essential role in controlling nontuberculous mycobacterial infection and protecting lung tissue from pathological inflammation.

Dual-Pathway Lateral Flow Assay for Rapid and Sensitive SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detection via CRISPR/Cas13a-Mediated SERS.

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 detection during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, its requirement for RNA-to-DNA conversion, reliance on centralized laboratory infrastructure, and lengthy turnaround times have limited its application in point-of-care (POC) settings. CRISPR/Cas13a-mediated lateral flow assays (LFAs) have emerged as promising alternatives for direct RNA analysis, yet their two-step workflows introduce procedural complexity and reduce sensitivity.

Development of a time-resolved fluorescence-based lateral flow immunoassay for rapid and sensitive diagnosis of Middle East respiratory syndrome.

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory infection caused by the MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Due to its high mortality and lack of a vaccine or treatment, MERS has remained on the WHO's priority list of diseases with the highest public health risk since 2012. Although rapid diagnosis is essential for interrupting transmission, initiating timely treatment, and maintaining public health systems, no rapid diagnostic method currently exists for MERS.

RNF13 mediates pH- and Ca-dependent regulation of lysosomal positioning.

Environmental factors such as extracellular pH (pH) and nutrition status affect lysosomal localization and autophagy, but how pH, intracellular pH (pH), and Ca regulate lysosome transport is not well understood. Here, we identify RNF13 as a key regulator of lysosomal positioning via pH- and Ca-dependent degradation of ARL8B. Ca-activated apoptosis-linked gene 2 (ALG-2) promotes retrograde lysosomal transport while increasing pH and decreasing lysosomal pH (pH).

Multiomics insights into functional constipation: Exploring microbiome, metabolome, and lipidome independent of transit time.

Background/aims: Functional constipation (FC) is a prevalent form of functional gastrointestinal disorder with an elusive etiology. Despite numerous investigations into the role of the gut microbiome in FC, no study has yet integrated microbiome, metabolome, and lipidome profiling to characterize FC.

Methods: In this study, fecal samples were collected from patients with FC both before and after laxative administration to minimize the impact of intestinal transit time and to identify the characteristics unique to patients with FC.

Stretchable Dry Adhesives for Robust Epidermal Biosignal Sensing.

Conformal skin-electrode contact is crucial for acquiring high-quality multimodal biosignals from the uneven human epidermis. Although stretchable dry adhesives (SDAs) are promising solutions, their development is hindered by the low stretchability and high hygroscopicity of biocompatible adhesive materials. Here, the study reports highly stretchable, nonhygroscopic, and biocompatible SDAs developed through the synergistic effects of tannic acid and polyol compounds.

Mitigation of 3.5 GHz Electromagnetic Field-Induced BV2 Microglial Cytotoxicity by Polydeoxyribonucleotide.

Emerging evidence highlights the biological risks associated with electromagnetic fields (EMFs) generated by electronic devices. The toxic effects and mechanisms induced by exposure to EMFs on microglial cells and natural substances that inhibit them are limited to date. Here, we investigated whether exposure to 3.

Saucerneol Inhibits the Growth, Migration, and Invasion of Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro and Prevents Metastasis-Associated Osteolysis Ex Vivo.

Saururus chinensis has traditionally been used to treat various diseases. Biologically active compounds isolated from S. chinensis exhibit diverse pharmacological activities.

Biodistribution and toxicity following a single or repeated pharyngeal aspiration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: Determination of maximum allowable dose level.

Establishing reasonable exposure conditions is crucial for maximizing the potential benefits of nanomaterials while ensuring their safety. We first identified the effects of overdose on lung tissue damage and deposition levels under different exposure scenarios (50 μg four times, 100 μg twice, and 200 μg once). Blood levels of IP and K changed significantly in the group that received a single 200 μg dose.

Molecular insights into the warming-induced alterations of water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) in soil: Depth-dependent responses in Arctic terrestrial ecosystem.

Arctic warming is accelerating at a rate approximately four times faster than the global average, exerting profound effects on soil organic matter and microbial activity, particularly in permafrost regions rich in soil carbon stocks. This study investigates the molecular composition of water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) in response to a 7-year period of warming via open-top chambers across different soil layers in a dry Arctic tundra ecosystem. We focused on elucidating the depth-dependent responses of WEOM to warming, emphasizing compositional shifts and proportional changes in WEOM constituents using ultra-high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS).

Stage-dependent heat priming mitigates reproductive heat stress via proteomic regulation in Oryza sativa L.

This study investigates the effects of heat-priming during the tillering and booting stages of rice and associated changes in proteome expression. Heat stress, particularly during reproductive stages, significantly impacts rice yields, with temperature rises predicted to reduce crop production globally. Plants use priming to mitigate abiotic stress, whereby pre-exposure to moderate stress enhances their responses to subsequent stress.

Synthesis of Boronic Acid-Functionalized Core-Shell Mesoporous Silica-TiO Nanocomposite for Specific Enrichment of Glycopeptides From Biological Samples.

Protein N-glycosylation plays a pivotal role in regulating biological processes and is closely associated with various disease pathologies. However, the identification of N-glycopeptides typically requires efficient enrichment and advanced mass spectrometric methods due to their low abundance and interference from non-glycosylated peptides. Herein, a boronic acid-functionalized core-shell mesoporous silica-TiO nanocomposite is proposed for selective enrichment of N-glycopeptides from biological samples.

Optimization of multifunctional NaYbF:Er upconversion nanoparticle-based dual drug delivery system for enhanced chemo-photodynamic therapy in prostate cancer.

Upconversion efficiency in heterostructure hosts is critical for multicolor emission in biomedical applications, where cellular uptake is dependent on particle size. In chemo-photodynamic therapy (chemo-PDT), reducing cellular glutathione (GSH) levels through reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation, combined with reactive oxygen species (ROS), offers a dual strategy to halt cancer cell proliferation. Herein, We optimized NaYbF:Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with size control (final nanocapsule size: 60.

: Statistical analysis of dissolved organic matter characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) contains thousands of molecules and is key for biogeochemical cycles in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by interacting with microbes. Over the last decade, the study of DOM has been advanced and accelerated with the developments of instrumental and statistical approaches. However, it is still challenging in statistical analyses, data visualization, and theoretical interpretations largely due to the complexity of molecular composition and underlying ecological mechanisms.

The N-degron pathway governs autophagy to promote thermotolerance in Arabidopsis.

Autophagy is a vital process that enables plants to adapt to various environmental changes. During heat stress (HS), misfolded and denatured proteins accumulate in cells, necessitating autophagy for their removal. Here, we show that a core autophagy component ATG8a is targeted for degradation via the Arg/N-degron pathway.

A CMOS-integrable ambipolar tellurene nanofilm-based negative differential transconductance transistor for multi-valued logic computing.

Despite growing interest, the development of nanomaterial-based ternary inverters has often been hindered by the requirement for complex structures, which limit scalability and integration. In this study, we present a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible ambipolar Te nanofilm-based transistor with negative differential transconductance (NDT), which presents considerable potential for multi-valued logic computing without requiring a complicated fabrication process. The hydrothermally synthesized Te nanoflakes, encapsulated in an AlO thin film thermal atomic layer deposition, exhibited ambipolar behavior with distinct NDT characteristics.

Conformal CEI formation induced by oxygen-functionalized conductive agents on Mn-rich olivine cathodes.

LiMnFePO (LMFP, 0 < < 1) suffers from low electronic conductivity and Mn dissolution. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) improves electronic conductivity and acts as a sacrificial oxygen source, enabling conformal CEI formation oxidation of surface functional groups, thereby enhancing the interfacial stability and cycling performance of LMFP electrodes.

7T Spin-echo BOLD fMRI enhances spatial specificity in the human motor cortex during finger movement tasks.

The human primary motor cortex (M1) follows a well-established somatotopic organization, yet finer-scale representations, such as mirrored finger maps, have remained difficult to resolve non-invasively. To investigate movement representations in an action-based framework rather than a strictly somatotopic layout, we conducted both conventional gradient-echo (GE) and highly specific spin-echo (SE) BOLD fMRI at 7 T with 1 mm isotropic resolution. Subjects performed 1-Hz visually-instructed thumb-index finger or thumb-ring finger opposition tasks, and their finger movements were recorded using an MR-compatible data glove to verify proper task performance.

Imaging the Binding Between Dasatinib and Its Target Protein in Living Cells Using an SLP Tag System on Intracellular Compartments.

Interactions between chemical drugs and their target proteins are fundamental to drug screening and precision therapy in modern clinical medicine. However, elucidating these interactions within living cells remains challenging due to the limited availability of efficient detection methods. Despite substantial efforts, technical limitations still impede the identification of direct interactors.

Weak localization in pure and Cr-doped MoS macroparticles probed through a low field magnetoimpedance effect.

Globular MoS with Cr doping, exhibiting a flake-like texture, was studied through AC magnetoelectric transport to identify weak charge localization that is not identified using magnetic measurements, in order to establish inhomogeneity-driven magnetoelectric coupling. Hydrothermally synthesized MoS had a mixed 2H/1T phase in native conditions. Upon doping, the proportion of the 1T phase increased.

Inhibition of lysosomal LAMTOR1 increases autophagy by suppressing the MTORC1 pathway to ameliorate lipid accumulations in MAFLD.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a serious metabolic disorder characterized by fat accumulation in the liver, which can trigger liver inflammation and fibrosis, potentially leading to cirrhosis or liver cancer. Despite many studies, effective treatments for MAFLD remain elusive due to its complex etiology. In this study, we have focused on the discovery of therapeutic agents and molecular targets for MAFLD treatment.

Extracellular Vesicle Proteome Analysis Improves Diagnosis of Recurrence in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

We explored the diagnostic utility of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (tdEVs) in breast cancer (BC) by performing comprehensive proteomic profiling on plasma samples from 130 BC patients and 40 healthy controls (HC). Leveraging a microfluidic chip-based isolation technique optimized for low plasma volume and effective contaminant depletion, we achieved efficient enrichment of tdEVs. Proteomic analysis identified 26 candidate biomarkers differentially expressed between BC patients and HCs.

Characterization of ex vivo expanded natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy.

In this study, we employed a coculture system to expand natural killer (NK) cells ex vivo from healthy donors and patients with breast cancer and investigated their surface marker expression. We further analyzed the activation markers of primary expanded NK cells on Day 13 using cytokine arrays and dimensionality reduction techniques. Cytokine profiles were observed on Days 0, 6 and 13 (TS-NK).