Defluorinative Coupling of (NH)-Heteroarenes and Unactivated Vinyl Fluorides Enabled by Metal-Organic Frameworks.

-vinyl azoles are prevalent moieties in pharmaceuticals, and fluorovinyl groups are widely recognized as carbonyl bioisosteres in drug design. Thus, -fluorovinylated heteroarenes represent highly desirable functional groups in medicinal chemistry. To streamline the development of novel -fluorovinylation and -pentafluoropropenylation reactions, herein we safely handle fluorinated gases, such as vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and hexafluoropropene (HFP), as solid reagents using a metal-organic framework (MOF), Mg(dobdc) (dobdc = 2,5-dioxidobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate).

Discovery of Novel β-Arrestin Biased Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-1 Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.

Fingolimod, the first nonselective S1P modulator for multiple sclerosis (MS), is effective but linked to cardiovascular side effects. To improve the drug safety profile, we developed β-arrestin biased S1P agonists with reduced G-protein activity using a pharmacophore-based approach. Among them, compound showed 4.

Chemical sensing as a utility using parallel, distributed swept source Raman spectroscopy.

Today, molecular analysis at multiple locations requires either transporting samples to a central laboratory via transportation or conveyor networks or deploying independent analyzers at each sampling point. Neither of these approaches offers the accessibility and scalability we have come to expect from modern utility infrastructure that provides access to water, electricity, information (internet), and computation resources. Here, we demonstrate a novel parallel, distributed, optical fiber swept-source Raman spectroscopy approach that replaces spectrometers with compact semiconductor tunable lasers along with high-collection power fiber-optic probes and sensitive single photon avalanche detectors (SPAD) photodetectors.

Computed tomographic findings of splenic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in a dog.

Splenic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare. An 11-year-old neutered male Maltese dog was presented for HCC recurrence surveillance. The dog had a history of transarterial chemoembolization and resection of HCC in the left medial liver lobe and papillary process of the caudate liver lobe.

Identification of Ni-N Active Sites in Atomically Dispersed Ni Catalysts for Efficient Chlorine Evolution Reaction.

Chlorine (Cl) is one of the most important chemicals in the chemical industry, which is primarily produced by the electrochemical chlorine evolution reaction (CER) in the chlor-alkali process. While platinum-group metal (PGM)-based dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) have dominated over the last half century, atomically dispersed catalysts (ADCs) have recently emerged as a promising class of CER catalysts; however, they still rely on PGMs. In this work, we prepared a series of non-PGM (Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu)-based ADCs and investigated their CER reactivity trends.

Disease cause attribution and preference for low versus high self-management treatments.

We investigate how disease cause attribution influences preferences for treatments that vary in patients' self-management by comparing the attribution of disease cause to lifestyle and attribution to genes. We demonstrate that individuals' self-control trait is a critical moderating factor in deciding preference between treatments in response to the disease cause information. Individuals with low self-control traits had a stronger tendency to prefer a treatment that requires a low level of self-management when they attributed the disease cause to genes than when they attributed it to their lifestyle.

Carbon Capture from Natural Gas Flue Emissions and Air via (Bi)Carbonate Formation in a Cyclodextrin-Based Metal-Organic Framework.

Carbon capture and utilization or sequestration (CCUS) from industrial point sources and direct air capture (DAC) are both necessary to curb the rising atmospheric levels of CO. Amine scrubbers, the current leading carbon capture technology, suffer from poor oxidative and thermal stability, limiting their long-term cycling stability under oxygen-rich streams such as air and the emissions from natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plants. Herein, we demonstrate that the hydroxide-based cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (CD-MOF) RbCO CD-MOF ST possesses high CO capacities from dry dilute streams at low temperatures and humid streams at elevated temperatures.

Deciphering the role of cis-regulatory elements and TFAP2C in the activation of zygotic Sox2 expression in mouse preimplantation embryos.

Cell fate decisions in preimplantation embryos require the coordinated expression of pluripotency and lineage-specific transcription factors. SOX2 represents the first pluripotency regulator for which expression is restricted to the inside cells of mouse preimplantation embryos. However, the genetic mechanisms that activate the expression of zygotic Sox2 are poorly understood.

Adaptive electronics for photovoltaic, photoluminescent and photometric methods in power harvesting for wireless wearable sensors.

The increasing demand for continuous, comprehensive physiological information captured by skin-interfaced wireless sensors is hindered by their relatively high-power consumption and the associated patient discomfort that can follow from the use of high capacity batteries. This paper presents an adaptive electronics platform and a tri-modal energy harvesting approach to reduce the need for battery power. Specifically, the schemes focus on sensors that involve light in their operation, through use of (i) photometric methods, where ambient light contributes directly to the measurement process, (ii) multijunction photovoltaic cells, where ambient light powers operation and/or charges an integrated battery, and (iii) photoluminescent packaging, where ambient light activates light-emitting species to enhance the first two schemes.

Conformal CEI formation induced by oxygen-functionalized conductive agents on Mn-rich olivine cathodes.

LiMnFePO (LMFP, 0 < < 1) suffers from low electronic conductivity and Mn dissolution. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) improves electronic conductivity and acts as a sacrificial oxygen source, enabling conformal CEI formation oxidation of surface functional groups, thereby enhancing the interfacial stability and cycling performance of LMFP electrodes.

Investigation of a 4.3 Gy × 10-Fraction Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Protocol for Canine Prostatic Carcinoma: A Normal Tissue Complication Probability Study.

The fraction size in canine pelvic tumours has traditionally been limited to minimisze radiation toxicity. However, advancements in precision radiotherapy techniques have enabled the use of larger fraction sizes, thereby facilitating a reduction in the overall treatment course. This study assessed the radiation toxicity risks of a 10-fraction radiation protocol for canine prostatic carcinoma by calculating normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCPs).

First case report of urothelial cyst in a dog: diagnostic approach.

Importance: Cystic masses in the abdominal cavity near the vaginal area can have a range of origins, including urothelial cysts, which have never been reported in dogs. This paper reports the first known occurrence of a urothelial cyst in a dog.

Case Presentation: An 18-year-old, 2.

Heteronanoarchitecture of TiCT MXene and Amorphous MOF for Exceptional Durability in Electro-Ionic Soft Actuator.

The assembly of 2D nanosheets with other functional nanomaterials enables the creation of materials with unique property combinations that cannot be achieved in single-phase materials. In particular, a combination of inorganic and organic components provides a pathway to structures offering highly durable ionic and electronic conductivity simultaneously. Here, a controlled growth of amorphous metal-organic framework (aMOF) in the interlayer spaces of TiCT MXene for enhancing oxidation stability and accelerating fast ion transport is reported.

Computed Tomographic Features of Bezoars and Other Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies in Dogs and Cats: A Comparative Analysis.

This study presents a comparative analysis of the computed tomographic (CT), radiographic, and ultrasonographic (US) characteristics of gastrointestinal foreign bodies, including bezoars, in dogs and cats, and evaluates their association with complications and clinical outcomes. A total of 33 cases (26 dogs, 7 cats) with surgically or endoscopically confirmed foreign bodies were reviewed, classified as bezoars ( = 15) or distinct foreign bodies ( = 18). CT features such as attenuation values, transition zones, and proximal-to-distal small intestinal diameter ratios were compared.

Computed Tomographic Characteristics of Feline Renal Cell Carcinoma and Renal Lymphoma: A Comparative Analysis.

This retrospective, multicenter study aimed to identify key computed tomography (CT) features that differentiate renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from lymphoma, the two most common feline renal neoplasms. CT images from 25 cats with renal tumors (15 RCC and 10 lymphoma) were evaluated. Of the RCC cases, 10 were diagnosed through histopathology and 5 through FNA.

Breed-Specific Variations in Vertebral Right Heart Index (VRHi): Implications for Detection of True and False Right Heart Enlargement (RHE) in Dogs.

This study investigated breed-specific variations in vertebral right heart index (VRHi) values and their diagnostic accuracy in detecting right heart enlargement (RHE) in dogs. A total of 359 dogs from various breeds, including brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic groups, were evaluated using radiographic and echocardiographic methods. The VRHi was measured from lateral (RL) and ventrodorsal (VD) thoracic radiographs.

Pulmonary vein stenosis secondary to a mediastinal mass in a cat.

This report describes the case of a 5-year-old spayed female munchkin cat that was presented with respiratory distress. Thoracic radiography revealed pleural effusion with a diffuse interstitial lung pattern. Echocardiography identified a mass compressing the left atrium, accompanied by a turbulent jet-like flow from the pulmonary veins, with a velocity of 1.

Comparison of B-mode, conventional color Doppler, and superb microvascular imaging for evaluating renal cortical thickness in dogs without and with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To identify the most reliable method for assessing renal function in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by comparing renal cortical thickness (RCT) evaluated using B-mode ultrasonography, conventional color Doppler imaging (CDI), and superb microvascular imaging (SMI).

Methods: This observational study included dogs with at least 2 stable serum creatinine measurements within 30 days. Dogs were classified into CKD stages 1 to 4 based on International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines.

Retropharyngeal salivary adenomatous hyperplasia mimicking tumor metastasis in a dog.

This report describes the case of a 13-year-old castrated male poodle with respiratory distress and coughing. The dog had had its right thyroid gland and ipsilateral lymph node resected because of thyroid follicular carcinoma originating in the right thyroid gland and metastasis to the ipsilateral medial retropharyngeal lymph node. The dog was initially treated for chronic bronchitis but showed no resolution of the clinical signs.

Psoriasis harbors multiple pathogenic type 17 T-cell subsets: Selective modulation by risankizumab.

Background: Recent single-cell studies indicated that IL-17-producing T cells (T17) have diverse subsets expressing IL-17A, IL-17F, or a combination in human psoriasis skin. However, it is unknown how T17 subsets are differently regulated by IL-23 versus IL-17A blockade.

Objective: We sought to investigate how systemic monoclonal antibody injections blocking IL-23 versus IL-17A differently modify immune cell transcriptomes in human psoriasis skin.

Enhancing Selective Hydrofluorocarbon Greenhouse Gas Capture via Halogenation of Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are anthropogenically produced greenhouse gases with longer atmospheric lifetimes and higher global warming potentials than those of carbon dioxide. General strategies to abate their emissions from industrial point sources, such as via adsorptive capture, remain scarce. Herein, we uncover the key structure-property relationships that lead to strong binding of HFCs such as fluoroform (CHF) and difluoromethane (CHF) in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) under the low pressures relevant to flue gas scrubbing.

Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry due to its high genetic diversity and different virulence levels, which complicate disease management and vaccine development. This study evaluated longitudinal changes in the immune cell composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the clinical outcomes across PRRSV strains with varying virulence, using techniques including single-cell transcriptomics. In highly virulent infection, faster viral replication results in an earlier peak lung-damage time point, marked by significant interstitial pneumonia, a significant decrease in macrophages, and an influx of lymphocytes.

O-Arm Navigation-Guided Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Decompression of Far-Out Syndrome.

The main aim of this video article is to demonstrate the combined use of O-arm navigation and unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) to manage far-out syndrome (FOS). In FOS there is entrapment and compression of the fifth lumbar nerve beyond the foramen and between L5 transverse process and the sacral ala at the lumbosacral junction. Conventional microscopic decompression using a paraspinal approach had been the gold standard for its management.

Hybrid Endoscopic Thoracic Discectomy Using Robotic Arm and Navigation for Highly Migrated Calcified Disc Herniation.

This video provides a step-by-step guide for performing the hybrid endoscopic thoracic discectomy using navigation and robotic arm for addressing high migrated calcified disc herniation. With the development of techniques, endoscopic spine surgery has emerged as a reliable treatment for thoracic myelopathy. This approach offers high-resolution, off-axis visualization of the surgical field.

Usefulness of computed tomography findings for predicting soft tissue sarcoma grades.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors that originate from mesenchymal cells. Imaging plays an important role in the assessment of the oncological stage of STSs. Computed tomography findings facilitate the identification of the tumor location and margins in relation to the surrounding anatomic boundaries and thereby enable preoperative planning of tumor management.