Preclinical dementia rating scores are associated with plasma phosphorylated tau-217.

Introduction: Simple screening tools are critical for assessing Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pre-dementia changes. This study investigated longitudinal scores from the Quick Dementia Rating System (QDRS), a brief study partner-reported measure, in relation to baseline levels of the AD biomarker plasma pTau217 in individuals unimpaired at baseline.

Methods: Data from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (N = 639) were used to examine whether baseline plasma pTau217 (ALZpath assay on Quanterix platform) modified QDRS or Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC3) trajectories (mixed-effects models; time = age).

Wearable Sensor-based Multimodal Physiological Responses of Socially Anxious Individuals in Social Contexts on Zoom.

Correctly identifying an individual's social context from passively worn sensors holds promise for delivering just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) to treat social anxiety. In this study, we present results using passively collected data from a within-subjects experiment that assessed physiological responses across different social contexts (i.e.

Rare Metastases to Liver and Spleen form a Seldom Case of Facial Angiosarcoma Demonstrated on Staging FDG PET-CT.

Angiosarcoma is a rare type of soft-tissue sarcoma, constituting only 1% out of all soft-tissue sarcomas pathologically originating from lymphatic or vascular endothelial cells. Angiosarcomas are reported to be very aggressive with a high incidence of metastases to different sites; therefore, it is very important to determine disease extension and detect local recurrence and/or distant metastases for appropriate management. We report a case of a 55-year-old Indian male who presented with soft-tissue thickening of the left cheek for which biopsy revealed angiosarcoma and was referred for fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) to assess the extent of disease highlighting the potential role of FDG PET/CT in rare malignancies like angiosarcomas.

Utility of SPECT/CT in Non-Traumatic Osteonecrosis: Revisited with New Insights from a Prospective Diagnostic Study.

Objectives: Bone scintigraphy is a sensitive imaging method to evaluate patients with suspected osteonecrosis. We assessed the diagnostic performance of combined bone single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) (CBS) in patients with known rheumatic disease or other connective tissue disorders and clinical suspicion of osteonecrosis compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: This prospective diagnostic accuracy study included 70 patients with clinical suspicion of osteonecrosis in any bone who underwent a planar triple-phase bone scan along with a regional SPECT/CT (CBS) and regional MRI.

Exploring the Utility of FDG PET-CT in Metastatic Recurrent Extra Skeletal Renal Osteosarcoma.

Metastatic renal osteosarcoma is a rare entity. We report a case of a 52-year-old male postright nephrectomy status presented to us with metastatic renal osteosarcoma. 18-fluorine- fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) avid lesions were seen in the right renal bed with extension to adjacent hepatic parenchyma.

Rare Pituitary Metastasis from Adenocarcinoma of Right Lung in F FDG PET/CT.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer and cancer-related deaths, and India ranks the fourth highest country. Lung cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a tendency for rapid progression, making early detection and prompt treatment essential for improving patient outcomes. Lung cancer can spread locally into surrounding tissue as well as travel through lymphatics to other parts of the body, most often to bone, brain, liver, and adrenal glands.

Tuning the dimensionality of functional thiazolo[5,4-]thiazole based supramolecular polymers competitive interactions.

The supramolecular organization of functional molecules at the mesoscopic level influences their material properties. Typically, planar π-conjugated (disc- or linear-shaped) molecules tend to undergo one-dimensional (1D) stacking, whereas two-dimensional (2D) organization from such building blocks is seldom observed in spite of their technological potential. Herein, we rationally achieve both 1D and 2D organizations from a single planar, π-conjugated molecular system competitive interactions.

Retinoblastoma in Dandy-Walker Syndrome.

Dandy-Walker syndrome (DWS), also referred to as Dandy-Walker malformation, is a rare congenital developmental anomaly characterized by enlargement of the posterior fossa, dilatation of the fourth ventricle, and cerebellar hypoplasia with upward rotation. Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children and typically presents in the pediatric age group, with leukocoria and strabismus being common early signs. Although DWS and retinoblastoma are individually rare, their simultaneous occurrence is exceptionally uncommon.

Plasmene nanosheets assembled from "plasmonic molecules".

Entropy-driven drying-mediated self-assembly of plasmonic nanocrystals (termed "plasmonic atoms") has emerged as a general strategy for fabricating plasmene nanosheets from a wide range of monodisperse nanocrystals. However, extending this approach to binary systems remains challenging due to the complex nanoscale interactions between dissimilar nanocrystal shapes. Here, we introduce a combined enthalpy- and entropy-driven strategy to achieve an orderly mixed two-dimensional (2D) binary nanoassemblies from complementary reacting polymer-ligated nanocrystals.

Purinergic signaling by ATP induces exercise-like effects and ameliorates insulin resistance in HT22 mouse hippocampal cells.

Neuronal insulin signaling is essential for regulating glucose metabolism and cognitive functions in the brain. Disruptions cause neuronal insulin resistance, potentially causing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, we investigated alternative pathways that maintain glucose homeostasis beyond traditional insulin signaling.

Carbazole-dansyl conjugate for latent fingerprint visualization and detection of date rape drugs.

An imino-linked dansyl-carbazole molecular system, DASH, is designed and synthesized. This system (DASH) is rationalized in such a way that it works as a suitable template for the detection of date rape drugs, gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and gamma-valerolactone (GVL), in addition to latent fingerprint detection. Both rape drug and latent fingerprint detection are important aspects of drug abuse-related crimes in forensic analysis.

Visible-light-induced regioselective chalcogenation of indoloquinoxalines cross-dehydrogenative coupling under metal-free, open-air conditions.

A simple yet efficient method involving a visible-light-induced direct, regioselective chalcogenation of indoloquinoxaline derivatives has been developed. Thiols, disulfides and diselenides were found to be efficient as chalcogenating agents in the presence of Rose Bengal as a photosensitizer. This photoinduced C-H functionalization a cross-dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) protocol was carried out at ambient temperature under an open-air atmosphere.

Rongalite-promoted self-dimerization of 3-acylidene-2-oxindoles: a diastereoselective route to synthesis of bispirooxindoles.

A facile and efficient one-pot rongalite-mediated self-dimerization of 3-acylidene-2-oxindoles has been developed for the diastereoselective synthesis of highly functionalized dispirocyclopentanebisoxindoles. The reaction proceeds a domino sequence involving intermolecular Michael addition followed by intramolecular aldol cyclization under basic conditions. Rongalite, an inexpensive and readily available reagent (∼$0.

Prevalence of Non-Adherence to Antihypertensive Medication in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 18,808 Hypertensive Patients.

Introduction: Hypertension is a major contributor to disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) worldwide, as highlighted by the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD 2021). Effective management of hypertension through medication can significantly lower the risks associated with the condition. It is important to recognize that not adhering to antihypertensive therapy often leads to negative health outcomes.

The systematic assessment of completeness of public metadata accompanying omics studies in the Gene Expression Omnibus data repository.

Background: Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have enabled the collection and sharing of a massive amount of omics data, along with its associated metadata-descriptive information that contextualizes the data, including phenotypic traits and experimental design. Enhancing metadata availability is critical to ensure data reusability and reproducibility and to facilitate novel biomedical discoveries through effective data reuse. Yet, incomplete metadata accompanying public omics data may hinder reproducibility and reusability and limit secondary analyses.

Spectrum of kidney disease in pediatric sarcoidosis.

Background: Kidney involvement in pediatric sarcoidosis is rare and often underrecognized, leading to diagnostic delays and treatment challenges. We report six patients with renal sarcoidosis to highlight their diverse presentations and outcomes and challenges in management.

Methods: Medical records of patients diagnosed with renal sarcoidosis during 2020-24 were reviewed.

NEK9-mediated Wnt signalling repressor TLE3 rewires Docetaxel resistance in cancer cells by inducing pyroptosis.

Background: Docetaxel is the most common chemotherapy regimen for several neoplasms, including advanced OSCC (Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma). Unfortunately, chemoresistance leads to relapse and adverse disease outcomes.

Methods: We performed CRISPR-based kinome screening to identify potential players of Docetaxel resistance.

Effect of methyl DNA adducts on stimulation of human cytoplasmic DNA-sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS).

The immune system uses a variety of DNA sensors, including endo-lysosomal Toll-like receptors 9 (TLR9) and cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS). These sensors activate immune responses by inducing the production of a variety of cytokines, including type I interferons (IFN). Activation of cGAS requires DNA-cGAS interaction.

Phenomenological modeling of gene transcription by approximating cooperativity of transcription factors improves prediction and reduces complexity in gene regulatory network models.

Several computational models are available for representing the gene expression process, with each having their advantages and disadvantages. Phenomenological models are widely used as they make appropriate simplifications that aim to find a middle ground between accuracy and complexity. The existing phenomenological models compete in terms of how the transcription initiation process is approximated, to achieve high accuracy while having the lowest complexity possible.

Machine learning based classification of imagined speech electroencephalogram data from the amplitude and phase spectrum of frequency domain EEG signal.

Imagined speech classification involves decoding brain signals to recognize verbalized thoughts or intentions without actual speech production. This technology has significant implications for individuals with speech impairments, offering a means to communicate through neural signals. The prime objective of this work is to propose an innovative machine learning (ML) based classification methodology that combines electroencephalogram (EEG) data augmentation using a sliding window technique with statistical feature extraction from the amplitude and phase spectrum of frequency domain EEG segments.

Multilocus genetic and functional profiling of Indian-origin Lentinula edodes strains: Implications for cultivation and nutraceutical breeding.

Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom) is a widely cultivated edible and medicinal fungus, valued for its bioactive compounds. While East Asian strains have been well studied, Indian populations remain under-characterized. This study explores the genetic and functional diversity of five Indian-origin L.

Exploration of the Chemical Components and Biological Activities of Hippophae salicifolia Extracts: In Vitro, Molecular Docking, and MD Simulation Approaches.

Hippophae salicifolia, commonly known as sea buckthorn, is native to the Indian Himalayan region. This study is the first to comprehensively assess the phytochemical profile and biological activities of H. salicifolia leaves extracted through maceration, infusion, and percolation (Soxhlet apparatus) methods.

Functional redundancy and formin-isoform independent localization of tropomyosin paralogs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Tropomyosin is an actin-binding protein (ABP) which protects actin filaments from cofilin-mediated disassembly. Distinct tropomyosin isoforms have long been hypothesized to differentially sort to subcellular actin networks and impart distinct functionalities. Nevertheless, a mechanistic understanding of the interplay between Tpm isoforms and their functional contributions to actin dynamics has been lacking.