Cyclic Stretch Bioreactor Enhances Tenogenic Differentiation of MSCs in Biomimicked PCL-tdECM Membranes through Dynamic Mechanical Loading.

Tendon injuries are widespread, often leading to tendinopathy due to a lack of early recognition, resulting in discomfort and reduced mobility. Despite their mechanically active nature, tendons possess limited self-healing capacity, and current clinical interventions fall short in fully regenerating the tendon structure. To address this challenge, we propose an in vitro model to study disease progression and develop an effective tissue regeneration strategy.

Cancer Microenvironment-Stimulated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in an Indirect Co-Culture System Influence Cancer Cell Growth and Apoptosis.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migrate to injured tissues, aiding tissue repair, remodeling, and wound healing. As tumors are often considered to have traits of "injured tissues," MSCs are recruited to tumor microenvironments where they can have pro- and antitumorigenic influences. This study assesses whether human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) of shared ancestry exhibit similar tumorigenic properties.

Trackingbiodegradation dynamics in cartilage tissue engineering using dual-labeled hydrogel/scaffold composites.

This study addresses the challenges of tracking cell-mediated biodegradation in cartilage tissue engineering, where hydrogels and scaffolds play a crucial role in providing structural support and promoting tissue regeneration. This research area has been rarely studied, offering potential insights into bridging the gap betweenandconditions for real-time monitoring of tissue regeneration alongside biodegradation. We developed dual-labeled hydrogel/scaffold composites for real-time monitoring of scaffold degradation in response to cell activity.

Constructing a draft Indian cattle pangenome using short-read sequencing.

Indian desi cattle, known for their adaptability and phenotypic diversity, represent a valuable genetic resource. However, a single reference genome often fails to capture the full extent of their genetic variation. To address this, we construct a pangenome for desi cattle by identifying and characterizing non-reference novel sequences (NRNS).

Flavin-based probe for real-time monitoring of hypochlorous acid dynamics in live cells.

The present study introduces TPA-vinylene-flavin (TVF) as a flavin-based turn-on fluorescent probe. TVF effectively detects HOCl, as evaluated by the solution phase studies with a detection limit of 0.36 μM.

Advancing the Indian cattle pangenome: characterizing non-reference sequences in Bos indicus.

Background: India harbors the world's largest cattle population, encompassing over 50 distinct Bos indicus breeds. This rich genetic diversity underscores the inadequacy of a single reference genome to fully capture the genomic landscape of Indian cattle. To comprehensively characterize the genomic variation within Bos indicus and, specifically, dairy breeds, we aim to identify non-reference sequences and construct a comprehensive pangenome.

Fabrication of Hypoxia-Mimicking Supramolecular Hydrogels for Cartilage Repair.

Despite advancements in chronic arthritis treatment, there remains a significant demand for advanced nanotechnologies capable of efficiently delivering a wide range of therapeutic agents to provide symptomatic relief and facilitate the healing of inflamed cartilage tissue. Considering the significant impact of hypoxia on the development and maintenance of chondral tissue, replicating its effects on stem cells could be a potential approach for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Cobalt is a prominent hypoxia-inducing agent, owing to its ability to activate the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway regardless of cellular oxygen levels.

3D stem-like spheroids-on-a-chip for personalized combinatorial drug testing in oral cancer.

Background: Functional drug testing (FDT) with patient-derived tumor cells in microfluidic devices is gaining popularity. However, the majority of previously reported microfluidic devices for FDT were limited by at least one of these factors: lengthy fabrication procedures, absence of tumor progenitor cells, lack of clinical correlation, and mono-drug therapy testing. Furthermore, personalized microfluidic models based on spheroids derived from oral cancer patients remain to be thoroughly validated.

Macrophage Polarization Dynamics in Biomaterials: Implications for Wound Healing.

The interaction between biomaterials and the immune system plays a pivotal role in determining the success or failure of implantable devices. Macrophages, as key orchestrators of immune responses, exhibit diverse reactions that influence tissue integration or lead to implant failure. This study focuses on unraveling the intricate relationship between macrophage phenotypes and biomaterials, specifically hydrogels, by employing THP-1 cells as a model.

Dysregulation of calcium homeostasis in cancer and its role in chemoresistance.

Globally, cancer, as a major public health concern, poses a severe threat to people's well-being. Advanced and specialized therapies can now cure the majority of people with early-stage cancer. However, emerging resistance to traditional and novel chemotherapeutic drugs remains a serious issue in clinical medicine.

A Neutral Flavin-Triphenylamine Probe for Mitochondrial Bioimaging under Different Microenvironments.

A bioinspired design built around a neutral flavin-triphenylamine core has been investigated for selective mitochondrial bioimaging capabilities in different microenvironments. Significant advantages with respect to long-term tracking, faster internalization, penetrability within the spheroid structures, and strong emission signal under induced hypoxia conditions have been observed, which could offer an alternative to the existing mitotrackers for hypoxia-related biological events.

Selective Targeting of Lung Cancer Cells with Methylparaben-Tethered-Quinidine Cocrystals in 3D Spheroid Models.

The development and design of pharmaceutical cocrystals for various biological applications has garnered significant interest. In this study, we have established methodologies for the growth of the methylparaben-quinidine cocrystal (MP-QU), which exhibits a well-defined order that favors structure-property correlation. To confirm the cocrystal formation, we subjected the cocrystals to various physicochemical analyses such as powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), Raman, and IR spectroscopy.

Investigation of microstructural failure in the human cornea through fracture tests.

Fracture toughness of the human cornea is one of the critical parameters in suture-involved corneal surgeries and the development of bioengineered mimetics of the human cornea. The present article systematically studied the fracture characteristics of the human cornea to evaluate its resistance to tear in the opening (Mode-I) and trouser tear mode (Mode-III). Tear experiments reveal the dependency of the fracture behavior on the notch size and its location created in the corneal specimens.

On-chip mixing of cancer cells and drug using LED enabled 2D opto-wetting droplet platforms.

Droplets of microliter size serve as miniaturized reaction chambers for practical lab on a chip (LoC) applications. The transportation and coalescence of droplets are indispensable for realizing microfluidic mixing. Light can be used as an effective tool for droplet manipulation.

3D Bioprintable Hypoxia-Mimicking PEG-Based Nano Bioink for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.

As hypoxia plays a significant role in the formation and maintenance of cartilage tissue, aiming to develop native hypoxia-mimicking tissue engineering scaffolds is an efficient method to treat articular cartilage (AC) defects. Cobalt (Co) is documented for its hypoxic-inducing effects by stabilizing the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a chief regulator of stem cell fate. Considering this, we developed a novel three-dimensional (3D) bioprintable hypoxia-mimicking nano bioink wherein cobalt nanowires (Co NWs) were incorporated into the poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel system as a hypoxia-inducing agent and encapsulated with umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs).

Osteomatrix as a personalized 3D tissue-specific invasion test-bed for oral carcinoma.

The clinical challenge in the successful management of oral cancer malignancy remains in the inaccuracy of detecting regional invasion potential and inefficient treatment of recurrent tumors. The presence and extent of bone invasion by the oral tumor are of critical importance as they can influence the preoperative strategy altering the prognosis outcome. Here, we are examining the patient-specific osteotropism of oral carcinoma using a bone derived extracellular matrix.

Advancement in concept to develop biomaterials from agricultural waste for tissue engineering and biomedical applications.

Unlabelled: Presently on a global scale, one of the major concerns is to find effective strategies to manage the agricultural waste to protect the environment. One strategy that has been drawing attention among the researchers is the development of biocompatible materials from agricultural waste. This strategy implies successful conversion of agricultural waste products (e.

Bioengineering strategies for 3D bioprinting of tubular construct using tissue-specific decellularized extracellular matrix.

The goal of the current study is to develop an extracellular matrix bioink that could mimic the biochemical components present in natural blood vessels. Here, we have used an innovative approach to recycle the discarded varicose vein for isolation of endothelial cells and decellularization of the same sample to formulate the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) bioink. The shift towards dECM bioink observed as varicose vein dECM provides the tissue-specific biochemical factors that will enhance the regeneration capability.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of the "Omics" in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Neonates.

Perinatal asphyxia and neonatal encephalopathy remain major causes of neonatal mortality, despite the improved availability of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, contributing to neurological and intellectual disabilities worldwide. An approach using a combination of clinical data, neuroimaging, and biochemical parameters is the current strategy towards the improved diagnosis and prognosis of the outcome in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) using bioengineering methods. Traditional biomarkers are of little use in this multifactorial and variable phenotype-presenting clinical condition.

Microfluidic Biosensor-Based Devices for Rapid Diagnosis and Effective Anti-cancer Therapeutic Monitoring for Breast Cancer Metastasis.

Breast cancer with unpredictable metastatic recurrence is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Early cancer detection and optimized therapy are the principal determining factors for increased survival rate. Worldwide, researchers and clinicians are in search of efficient strategies for the timely management of cancer progression.

Biocompatibility-on-a-chip: Characterization and evaluation of decellularized tendon extracellular matrix (tdECM) hydrogel for 3D stem cell culture in a microfluidic device.

Researchers have always tried expensive in vitro tests to show the 3D usability of dECM. The use of tissue-specific hydrogels in a microfluidic device is rarely studied. In this study, we have used ECM obtained from goat digital flexor tendons by decellularization technique.

Adjuvant role of a T-type calcium channel blocker, TTA-A2, in lung cancer treatment with paclitaxel.

Chemoresistance is a prevalent issue in cancer treatment. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a microtubule-binding anticancer drug used in various cancer treatments. However, cancer cells often show chemoresistance against PTX with the help of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) - a drug efflux pump.

Modulation of 3D Printed Calcium-Deficient Apatite Constructs with Varying Mn Concentrations for Osteochondral Regeneration via Endochondral Differentiation.

Osteochondral regeneration remains a vital problem in clinical situations affecting both bone and cartilage tissues due to the low regeneration ability of cartilage tissue. Additionally, the simultaneous regeneration of bone and cartilage is difficult to attain due to their dissimilar nature. Thus, fabricating a single scaffold for both bone and cartilage regeneration remains challenging.

Mechanically tunable photo-cross-linkable bioinks for osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in 3D bioprinted constructs.

3D bioprinting technique renders a plausible solution to tissue engineering applications, mainly bone tissue regeneration, which could provide the microenvironment with desired physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. However, the mechanical and structural stability of current natural polymers is a critical issue in the fabrication of bone tissue-engineered scaffolds. To overcome these issues, we have developed 3D bioprintable semi-synthetic polymers derived from natural (sodium alginate, A) and synthetic (polyethylene glycol, PEG) biopolymers.

A novel design of microfluidic platform for metronomic combinatorial chemotherapy drug screening based on 3D tumor spheroid model.

For treating cancer at various stages, chemotherapy drugs administered in combination provide better treatment results with lower side effects compared to single-drug therapy. However, finding the potential drug combinations has been challenging due to the large numbers of possible combinations from approved drugs and the failure of in vitro 2D well plate-based cancer models. 3D spheroid-based high-throughput microfluidic platforms recapitulate some of the important features of native tumor tissue and offer a promising alternative to evaluate the combinatory effects of the drugs.